RU2507157C2 - Method of producing water from melted snow - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: process engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to production of water from melted snow by freezing-out from sea water. Proposed device comprises housing accommodating temperature-controlled working vessel with cover and water drain hole. Said working vessel houses mesh with alternate-pole magnet and hollow tube. Bimetal plate is secured to working vessel bottom to get in contact with retainer articulated with spring-loaded rod and to carry aforesaid magnet. Means for water freezing and ice thawing includes several thermoelectric elements arranged outside said working vessel. Back-up junctions of said thermoelectric elements stay thermal contact with flow heat exchanger. Besides, it comprises electric control unit of thermoelectric module, control unit of water drain valves, programmed automaton and temperature measurement unit with temperature transducers. Note here that said programmed automaton is connected to valve control device, control unit of water drain valves and thermoelectric module control unit. Heat exchanger cooling circuit passes through melt water intake vessel and that to intake water with impurities.

EFFECT: accelerated finished product production, decreased weight and overall dimensions, power savings, higher efficiency.

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Description

The invention relates to a device for producing melt water, in particular for producing melt water from sea method of freezing.

The prototype of the device is a water purifier, described in [1].

A water purifier, comprising a housing in which a thermostatically controlled working container with a lid and an inclined bottom with an opening for draining water, is made, made rectangular, a means for freezing water and melting ice containing several thermoelectric elements, the working junctions of which are brought into thermal contact with the side wall of the working tank, and supporting with a radiator. The device comprises an electronic control unit for the thermoelectric module, a control unit for valves for draining water, a program machine and a temperature measuring unit with temperature sensors, the program machine being connected to a valve control unit, a temperature measuring unit and an electronic control unit for the thermoelectric module, a consumer container for receiving melt cleaned water, as well as a container for receiving water with impurities and a high content of deuterium, pipelines with a means for controlling the discharge of water and four normally closed valves connected to the drain hole of the bottom of the working container, pipelines for draining water are additionally interconnected by a pipe with a fine filter, the apparatus also contains drain pipes that are installed, respectively, above the consumer tank and the tank for receiving water with impurities and high deuterium content.

The disadvantage of this device is the bulkiness of the heat sink system from the reference junctions, the low speed of water purification, as well as high energy consumption.

The technical result of the claimed invention is the creation of such a device for water purification, reducing the time to obtain the finished product, the weight and dimensions of the device, as well as reducing energy consumption and increasing the efficiency of the installation by optimizing the process of thermoelectric converters.

In fig. 1 shows a diagram of the inventive device for producing melt water.

The device includes a housing 1, in which a thermostatically controlled working container 2 with a cover 3 and an opening 4 for draining water is placed, inside the working container 2 there is a grid 5 with a magnet with alternating poles 6 and a hollow tube 7. A bimetallic plate 8 is attached to the bottom of the working container 2, in contact with the latch 9, pivotally fastened to a spring-loaded rod 10, on which a magnet with alternating poles 11 is mounted. The rod 10 is made with the possibility of horizontal movement in the housing. The means for freezing water and melting ice is a thermoelectric module 12 mounted on the outside of the working tank 2, the thermoelectric module contains thermoelectric elements 13, the working junctions of which are brought into thermal contact with the outer side surface of the working tank 2, and the supporting junctions are in thermal contact with a flow-through heat exchanger 14, a container 15 for receiving melt purified water and a container 16 for receiving concentrated brine. Pipelines 17 and 18 contain controlled valves 19 and 20 and are connected to the opening 4 of the bottom of the working tank 2. Drain pipes 17 and 18 are installed respectively above the tank 15 for receiving purified melt water and the tank 16 for receiving concentrated brine. The circulation pump 21 is designed to circulate water in the cooling circuit. The cooling circuit passes through a tank for receiving purified melt water and a tank for receiving water with impurities and includes a circulation pump 21, a heat exchanger 14 and a radiator 22 connected by pipelines. In addition, the device has a control unit 23, including an electronic power control unit 24 for thermoelectric elements 13 and a circulation pump 21, a valve control unit 25, 20, a program machine 26 and a temperature measuring unit 27 with temperature sensors 28 and 29 mounted respectively on the bottom and the side wall of the working tank 2. The program machine 26 is connected to the valve control unit 25, the temperature measurement unit 27 and the power control unit 23 of the thermoelectric elements 13 and the circulation pump 21. Heat exchange to 14 has an opening with a lid 30 displayed on the outer surface of the device. The pipe 17 includes a fine filter 31. The heat exchanger 14 has an opening with a cover 30 for pouring water into the cooling circuit to drain the water, if necessary, from which it can be carried out through the valve 34. Drain the water from the tank 15 for receiving melt purified water and the tank 16 for receiving concentrated brine is carried out through controlled valves 32 and 33, respectively. In an embodiment of the device for domestic use, containers 2, 15 and 16 have a volume of 1.5 liters.

Device Description

The device is included in the electrical network. Open the lid 3 and pour 1.2 liters of sea water into the working container 2, close the lid 3. Open the lid 30 and pour water into the heat exchanger 14, the lid 30 is closed.

On the control panel (not shown) include a "Network" button connected to the electronic control unit 23. The network indicator lights up. Click the button "Start the process." The software machine 26 in the electronic control unit 23 performs the following algorithm of the device.

The electronic unit 24 for power management of the thermoelectric elements 13 and the circulation pump 21 includes a pump 21, then turns on the thermoelectric elements 13 in the cooling mode. The electronic control unit 23 includes a temperature measuring unit 27 by means of temperature sensors 28 and 29, mounted respectively on the bottom and side wall of the container 2. When a certain temperature is reached (+1 - 0 ° C) in the container 2, the bimetal plate 8 bends, as shown in Fig. .1 and disengages with the latch 9, while the spring-loaded rod 10 moves and the magnet 11 moves relative to the magnet 6 of the grid 5 so that their poles of the same name coincide: as a result, the magnet 6 is repelled from the magnet 11 and the grid 5 pops up, this is facilitated by the hollow tube 7. On the grid will be collected ice floes of heavy water formed at a well-known temperature of 3.8 ° C. In this case, the indicator light on the control unit (not shown in the drawing) will light up. The net from the pan is removed. With a further decrease in temperature in the tank 2, the water cools to the crystallization temperature. After that, the phase transition is monitored - a spontaneous increase in temperature by 0.5-1.0 ° C in 1 minute, i.e. with a sharp increase in temperature by 0.5-1.0 ° C, a phase transition is recorded. The electronic unit 24 switches the power of the thermoelectric elements to the maximum cooling coefficient mode. Next, the process of crystallization (freezing water) is carried out - ice formation and cooling of the resulting ice to minus 4-5 ° C for 1.2-2 hours. The process of ice formation occurs in the direction from the walls of the working vessel 2, cooled by thermoelectric elements 14 to the center, heat is removed from the thermoelectric elements 13 by means of a flow heat exchanger 14. Impurities dissolved in water (metal salts, organic impurities, etc.) during formation ice are displaced into the volume located in the center of the working tank 2, thereby the formation of "brine" - water with a high content of salts and various pollutants. The valve control unit 25 opens the valve 20. A “brine” is discharged from the working tank 2 through the pipe 18 to the tank 16 within a few minutes. Valve 20 closes. The control unit 24 switches the thermoelectric elements 13 into heating mode. The temperature of the ice in the working vessel 2 rises to a temperature of 0 ° C, at which the ice melts and then the resulting purified melt water reaches a temperature of + 10 ° C after a time of up to 40 minutes, the inscription “The process is completed.” Lights up on the electronic control unit 23. Meltwater is ready. ” After tanning the inscription within 300 minutes, melt water can be drained and the device turned off. Press the button "Melt water". The valve control unit 25 opens the valve 19 (the valve 20 is closed), melt water is drained through the pipe 17 through the filter 31 into the container 15 for several minutes. If within 300 minutes after tanning the inscription “The process is finished. Melt water is ready "the melt water has not been drained and the device has been turned off, then the program machine 26 maintains a temperature of + 2 ° C in the working tank (to preserve the melt water structure) and, after the above time, sends a signal to the electronic control unit 23, which issues a command valve control unit 25. This opens the valve 19 (valve 20 is closed). The melt water is drained into the consumer tank 15. The valve 19 closes, the valve control unit 25 is turned off, the thermoelectric module 12 control unit 24 is turned off, the temperature measurement unit 27 is turned off, the program machine 26 is turned off, the electronic control unit 23 is turned off. The total time of the process of obtaining melt water is up to 300 minutes. The "Network" button is turned off.

Literature

1. RF patent 2393996, IPC C02F 1/22, publ. 04/20/2006

Claims (1)

A device for producing melt water, including a housing in which a thermostatically controlled working container with a lid and a hole for draining water is placed, a means for freezing water and melting ice containing several thermoelectric elements, a consumer container for receiving melt purified water and a container for receiving water with impurities, pipelines with means for controlling the discharge of water, connected to the drain hole of the bottom of the working tank, drain pipes, which are installed respectively above the consumer tank and a container for receiving water with impurities, characterized in that inside the working container there is a grid fastened with a magnet with alternating poles and a hollow tube, a spring-loaded rod with a magnet with alternating poles, which is pivotally connected to a latch in contact with the bimetallic plate, reference junctions of thermoelectric elements are in thermal contact with a flow heat exchanger, the cooling circuit of which passes through a container for receiving purified melt water and a container for receiving water with impurities .

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