RU2506685C2 - Power converter based on planetary cyclo gear box (pcpcgb) - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: electricity.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to electric engineering, in particular, to power converters made as gear motors and electric drives; it can be used in special-purpose power converters in the form of power generation stations and machines in machine-building industry, transport industry, oil and gas industry, power industry, etc for the purpose of conversion of mechanical power to electrical one by means of power conversion of the primary actuator with use of power of hydroflow and wind, sun and other kinds of mechanical power (combustion engines, etc.) to electric and heat power and pressure, etc. The suggested power converter contains the primary actuator (PA) which is an electric motor, planetary cyclo gear box (PCGB) fixed at PCGB shaft through bearings that transmits rotation to the output shaft of reduction gearbox. At that convex-profiled teeth of the gearbox central wheel engaged with concave-profiled teeth of the gear wheel being a satellite gear are made as barrel-type spiral rollers made of steel or springs of cylindrical, conical and spherical shape, and their barrel radius R is defined as per Hertz formula to minimise contact stress of engagement thus providing free from play, noiseless and optimal operation in terms of their durability.

EFFECT: this construction of power converter based on planetary cyclo gear box provides technical result consisting of improvement of energy characteristics, reliability and operational life of the converter with efficiency factor ≥ 95%.

2 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to energy converters in the form of gear motors, electric drives and can be used in special energy converters in the form of power stations and units in mechanical engineering, transport, oil and gas industry and energy.

The closest in technical essence to the claimed invention is a planetary cycloidal reducer developed by the Minsk Institute of Machine Reliability Problems of the Academy of Sciences of the BSSR, 1998, which contains a housing 10, a cover 12, input (leading) and output (driven) shafts 4 and 13, a movable central ( solar) wheel 11 with a number of rollers (pin) 1, 15, cycloidal satellites 7, 9 of the satellite block 8 mounted on the input shaft 4 on the bearings of the shaft 3 and on eccentrically located bearings of the satellites 6, inside the central wheels 11, 2, cycloidal tooth I which are engaged with the teeth of the central wheels; pins 14 pressed into the flange of the output shaft (movable output wheel 11) and the rollers 1, 15 freely engaged on them, engaged with the satellites 7, 9, the satellite block 8, the rollers (lugs) 1 of the fixed central wheel 2 and the rollers (lugs) ) 15 of the output shaft 13 (movable central wheel 11).

The satellite block of the prototype of figure 1 is in constant engagement with the central wheels 11 and 2, rigidly mounted respectively in the housing 10 and on the output shaft 13. The satellite block 8 is connected to the eccentric shaft 5 by an electric motor ED on bearings 3, and through bearings 16 cover 12, the output shaft 13 of the movable wheel 11 is connected to the load. In a similar sequence is the work of the specified prototype.

The disadvantages of the prototype are:

- the possible range of gear ratios is significantly limited in the range of 7-5000 and cannot be adjustable;

- the efficiency of the presented prototype does not exceed 90-92%;

- prototype gearbox single-stage, unregulated;

- limited service life - 30000-50000 hours;

- multi-pair gearing does not exceed 70%;

- “hard” (as with traditional involute and worm gears) meshing requires the necessary mounting clearances. From this, backlash is possible, ensuring minimal gaps leads to significant production costs;

- a massive block of satellites has a significant moment of inertia, which leads to an overload of high-speed bearings of the block of satellites and reduces the service life of the gearbox;

- the complexity of the design, the presence of a block of satellites, continuous tubular yokes that do not have elasticity, the presence of high-speed bearings of a block of satellites.

The required technical result is the creation of an energy converter based on a planetary cycloidal gearbox, with overall weight parameters corresponding to the characteristics of modern and promising cycloidal planetary gears, providing significant alternating torques, low-noise, backlash-free and smooth operation without loss of information, increased reliability and increased resource work. At the same time, it is possible to transmit torque to a sealed space by the energy converter.

The required technical result is achieved by the fact that the device for transmitting torque uses a spatial-spatial multi-pair, self-adjusting, elastic (spring) gearing of the satellite gear and the teeth of the central wheel, made in the form of twisted steel rollers or springs.

The invention is illustrated in the drawing, where figure 2 presents the energy Converter based on a planetary cycloidal gear.

A comparative analysis with the prototype showed that the new technical solution is characterized by the presence of volumetric-spatial multi-pair, self-adjusting, elastic gearing of the satellite gear and the teeth of the central wheel, made in the form of twisted steel rollers or springs. An energy converter based on PCR (figure 2) contains:

1 - type D rollers _. = 18.5 mm, L _roll. = 91.5 mm, n _roll - estimated;

2 - movable central wheel assembly;

3 - bearings (ball) of the drive (input) shaft;

4 - drive (input) shaft;

5 - gear - satellite (eccentric);

6 - gear bearings - satellite;

7 - movable central wheel;

8 - transitional bearing housing from the electric motor (ED) to PE PCR;

9 - housing of the output shaft bearing;

10 - case;

11 - ED;

12 - a cover;

13 - driven (output) shaft;

14 - bearings of the output shaft.

In this case, the teeth of the central wheel can be implemented as steel rollers or springs specially designed for PE PCR, made of a cylindrical, conical or spherical shape, the radius of the barrel-shape - R, which is determined by the Hertz formula

R = 1/2 · D _ROLL · n _ROLL.

to minimize contact stresses in the engagement, and in the form of finished industrial bearings with twisted rollers (for example, bearing No. 3522, according to the catalog "Rolling bearings", M. 1964). PE PCR can have a sealed bellows in conjunction with an ED, gearbox and load to transfer forces and moments to a sealed space, in the case of work in aggressive chemical environments.

PCR-based energy converter works as follows:

the torque from the electric motor 11 through the bearings 3 of the input shaft and the input shaft 4 is transmitted to the movable central wheel 7, which with its teeth in the form of barrel-shaped steel twisted rollers or springs 1, made of a cylindrical, conical or spherical shape, the radius of the barrel-shape - R, which is determined by the formula Hertz to minimize contact stresses in engagement, engages with the gear teeth of the satellite gear 5. From the teeth of the gear satellite 5, the power flow through the driven shaft 13 is transmitted to the load of the electric the radiator.

The gear-satellite of FIG. 2 is made by special technology with the calculated difference in the number of teeth of the gear-satellite and the teeth of the central wheel. The gear ratio - i of the invention PE PCR is determined by the dependence:

, где

where

Z _to - the number of teeth of the Central wheel,

Z _W - the number of gear teeth.

The gear ratio of this design is up.

The invention of PCR PCR (figure 2) is characterized by a more advanced new manufacturing technology balanced with a central and self-adaptive nature of the work, the connection of the pinion gear 5 in engagement with the movable central wheel 2 is made multi-pair on a sliding fit with lubrication. The pinion-gear has concave teeth 5 and the central wheel has convex teeth 1. Thus, the invention employs an improved round-helical (convex-concave) cycloidal profile with the possible use of a ready-made industrial bearing with twisted rollers. This is the novelty and usefulness of the invention, because its assembly manufacturing simplifies production while increasing optimality and efficiency. Between the axles of the central wheel and the pinion gear, there is a calculated eccentricity - e, which is a necessary condition for the normal operation of the invention of PE PCR. During its operation, the rotation of the gear-satellite in engagement with the central wheel is smooth, backlash-free, noiseless, without loss of information.

As a result, the resource of the present invention PE PCR with circular helical convex-concave engagement (uniquely cycloidal profile) reaches ≥25 years with an efficiency of ≥95-97%, and the prototype service life does not exceed 5 years with a lower efficiency of ≥90-92%. PE PCR is characterized by the use of the latest manufacturing technology in it: precision pressing and stamping, investment casting, honing, chemical polishing, etc. A new way is the formation and summation of the energy flow without energy, heat loss from friction, etc.

Thus, in PE PCR, the summation and concentration of energy is performed at significantly lower losses than the known analogues and prototype. In our study, the mechanical energy specified by an external source (for example, ED) is converted into electrical energy by connecting to the PCR PC, the output shaft of the gearbox of a normalized new electric generator with measuring its electrical output parameters (U, I, etc.).

Thus, a structurally simple, durable, reliable electric drive and power reducer with higher characteristics in terms of resource, long-term operation in extreme conditions and efficiency than the prototype are proposed. The latest metalworking allows to increase the strength of its main elements - rollers up to σ _in ≈275 kg / mm ² at the 11th grade of their surface cleanliness. The latter increases the energy efficiency of the implementation of PE PCR.

Accordingly, the invention contributes to the development of elastic mechanics. In addition to standard studies, the design of PE PCR was tested with the eccentric nature of the gear-satellite operation.

Sources of information taken into account

1. Patents of France (Pal. No. 1440594, 1966; No. 1452099, 1966; No. 1477772, 1967), USA (Pal. No. 32589994, 1966; EP 0 286 760 A1 10/19/1988).

2. Yakovlev A.F. et al. Glider cycloidal reducer. Patent No. 1802958 on the application 4854625/28 from 07/27/1990

3. Yakovlev A.F. et al. Glider cycloidal reducer. Patent No. 1Sh 2059131 dated 04/07/1993 according to the application 93-018248 / 28/017813.

4. Solovtsov N.E., Yakovlev A.F. Glider cycloidal reducer. Patent No. 2153613 dated July 27, 2000.

5. Solovtsov N.E., Yakovlev A.F. Electric drive with planetary cycloidal gearbox. Patent No. 2206805 dated 06/20/2003

6. Kirillov Yu.F., Yakovlev A.F. High power glider cycloidal gearbox. Patent No. 2251038 dated 04/27/2005

7. Soviet encyclopedic dictionary. Ch. ed. A.M. Prokhorov. M, Council, Encyclopedia, 1987, p. 915, 933, 1165, 1475.

8. Polytechnical dictionary. Ch. ed. I.I. Artobolevsky. M., Council, Encyclopedia, 1977, p. 268, 295, 323, 330, 437, 552.

9. Nikolis G., Prigogy I. Self-organization in nonequilibrium systems, trans. from English M., 1979

10. Kirillov Yu.F., Yakovlev A.F. and others. Electric drive with gearbox of increased efficiency (options), patent 1Sh 2312 260 C2 dated 10.12.2007.

11. Akad Blagonravov A.A. “The benefits are enormous,” an article in the newspaper Pravda of March 21, 1960.

12. Gulia N.V. Flywheel engines. M., "Engineering", 1976

Claims (2)

1. An energy converter based on a planetary cycloidal gearbox - PE PCR, comprising a housing with a cover, an electric motor mounted through bearings on a shaft connected to the gearbox, characterized in that the convex teeth of the central gearbox gearbox, which mesh with the concave gears of the gear-satellite of the gearbox are made in the form of barrel-shaped twisted steel rollers or springs of cylindrical, conical or spherical shape, the radius of barrel-shaped - R of which is determined by the Hertz formula to minimize contact n gears in gearing. 2. The Converter - PE PCR according to claim 1, characterized in that as the teeth of the movable Central wheel used industrial twisted rollers or springs.

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