RU2502590C1 - Installation for shock-vibrating processing of parts - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: process engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to machine building and may be used for honing in thin-wall parts. Proposed device comprises housing with round bottom, bed with vibrator and spring suspension and cylindrical working drum arranged in said housing. Said housing is elastically mounted at said bed to be oscillated by vibrator. Said working drum is composed of a set of box-like containers aligned and fitted on central axle. Every said container accommodates dead cylindrical chambers arranged in concentric circles to house processed parts and processing medium. Chambers as-assembled are completely covered by the bottom of adjacent container while the last container is covered by the cover.

EFFECT: higher surface quality, lower costs.

2 dwg, 1 tbl, 1 ex

Description

The invention relates to mechanical engineering technology, more specifically to a finishing-stripping vibration processing of parts using a free processing medium (for example, a dry abrasive or an abrasive mixed with a working fluid).

A device for vibration processing of parts [1]. The device comprises an elastically suspended housing (working container) with a rounded cylindrical bottom, a base with a vibrator and a spring suspension. A working drum with an outer diameter equal to 0.7-0.95 of the diameter of the rounded part of the housing is freely placed in the device’s case, which allows to intensify the process of transmitting a vibrational pulse from the case to the drum. The processing medium is loaded into the working drum along with the workpieces.

The known device, despite the simplicity of the design, has a significant drawback, namely that during processing the parts come into contact and collide with each other, which leads to chipping and chipping of the edges of the parts, which is especially typical for parts made of brittle materials. In addition, with a large volume of the working drum, an increased consumption of the processing medium is observed due to the grinding of abrasive granules, which increases the cost of the processing process.

A device for vibration processing [2] is known, when processing in which collisions of parts between each other are excluded. The device also contains an elastically suspended housing with a rounded bottom and a base with a vibrator and a spring suspension. A cassette working drum is freely placed inside the casing for mounting workpieces in it. Installation of machined parts is carried out on axes mounted in a cassette working drum. The outer diameter of the working drum is 0.5-0.6 of the diameter of the rounded part of the body. The processing medium is placed in the housing of the device and is in contact with parts fixed in the drum. The device provides effective and high-quality processing of parts without chipping and chips due to the elimination of contact of the processed parts with each other.

The disadvantages of the device are the complexity of the design of the cassette working drum and the high complexity of mounting parts in the drum, which reduces processing performance. In addition, for fastening parts that do not have holes, special clamps are required, which complicates the device and increases the cost of processing.

The closest in technical essence to the claimed invention is a device presented in the "Method of vibration processing of parts" [3]. The device also contains an elastic-suspended housing with a rounded cylindrical bottom, a base equipped with a vibrator and a spring suspension. A carrier medium is placed inside the housing, which is used as small metal waste, pebbles, sand and other materials. In the carrier medium, cylindrical working drums are freely placed, into which the workpieces and the processing medium are loaded in the form of a dry and moistened abrasive.

The device, taken as a prototype, allows for intensive and high-quality processing of parts, but has a number of disadvantages due to structural and technological features:

- the separation of the processing of parts in several working drums does not exclude the formation of spalling and chips on the edges of the parts, since the parts are loaded into the drums in bulk quantities;

- when processing parts due to the contact of the drums with each other, intense wear of their surface is observed, exacerbated by the abrasive action of the carrier medium, which leads to low durability of the drums and the need for their frequent replacement;

- the presence of a carrier medium in the design leads to an increase in labor costs and additional financial costs;

- when transmitting vibrational and rotational movements to the working drums from the walls of the housing through the carrier medium, they are damped, which leads to the need to increase the drive power of the vibrating device;

- in the working drums of the device there is an intensive grinding of the granules of the abrasive of the processing medium due to the impact of the machined parts, which leads to a decrease in processing efficiency and an increase in the consumption of abrasive materials.

The present invention aims to eliminate these disadvantages, that is, to improve the quality and efficiency of processing by eliminating damage to the surface of the parts, achieving simplicity of the design of the device and reducing labor costs for processing parts.

The problem is solved in that in a device for vibration processing of parts, including an elastically suspended body with a rounded bottom, a base equipped with a vibrator and a spring suspension, and a working drum with machined parts and processing medium housed in it, the working drum is made in the form of a package of box-type containers coaxially and sequentially fastened together by a central axis, each container is equipped with deaf chambers arranged along a concentric circle with a bottom at one of the ends of tainer to accommodate the workpieces and processing medium, wherein in the assembled state of the container adjacent container chamber hermetically closed bottom, while the last container is closed.

The invention is illustrated by drawings. The figure 1 presents a General view of the device in a transverse frontal section. The figure 2 presents the image of the working drum in longitudinal and transverse sections.

A device for vibration processing of parts consists of a housing 1 with a rounded (cylindrical) bottom and a base 2 mounted on a spring suspension 3. Inside the housing 1 there is a working drum 4 with an outer diameter equal to 0.7-0.95 of the diameter of the rounded bottom of the housing, which ensures the rotation of the drum inside the housing during vibrational vibrations of the housing. The base of the device is equipped with a vibrator 5 of an eccentric type.

The working drum 4 is made in the form of a package of box-type containers 6 (figure 2). The containers 6 are coaxially and sequentially fastened together by a central axis 7 with nuts, while the outermost container is provided with a lid 8. The number of containers in the package depends on the overall dimensions of the parts and the length of the housing of the vibrating device.

Each container 6 is equipped with blind cylindrical chambers 9 with a bottom at one of its ends. Chambers 9 are used to place in them one machined part and a portion of the processing medium. In the assembled form, the chambers 9 are closed tightly by the bottom of the adjacent container, and in the last container by the lid 8. Thus, local cavities are formed in the assembled working drum, in which the parts are placed separately from other parts with their portion of abrasive.

The proposed device operates as follows. Before the processing process carry out the Assembly of the working drum. One part and one portion of abrasive are placed in the first lower container (in each chamber), then the second container is mounted on the central axis and “charged”, etc. The assembled drum is fastened with axial nuts and placed in the device body. Next include a vibrator.

Under the action of vibration, the working drum, parts and the processing medium make directed rotational movements, as a result of which the effective processing of the part without contacting the parts with each other is performed.

Due to the fact that each workpiece is located in a separate local area of one container with its own portion of the processing medium, these design differences eliminate contact of the parts with each other, reduce the specific volume of the processing medium per part. Due to the absence of the carrier medium, its effect on the surface of the working drum is eliminated, which increases the period of its trouble-free operation. In addition, the proposed device allows you to simultaneously process parts that differ in weight and shape, i.e. various parts can be loaded into cameras.

In the aggregate, the invention provides the following technical and economic effect:

- improves the surface quality of the processed parts due to the absence of chips and chipping of their edges;

- savings of abrasive material by 1.5-3 times are achieved, since the processing material is mainly spent only on useful work on surface treatment of the part;

- reduces the complexity and cost of the processing process by reducing the consumption of the processing medium, the absence of costs for the carrier medium and increasing the durability of the working drum.

Example.

The processing of single-sided replaceable polyhedral inserts (SMP) of the cutting tool without holes TNUN - 110308 (GOST 19042-80 and GOST 19043-80) made of T15K6 hard alloy was carried out. In accordance with GOST 19086-80, these SMPs can be subjected to vibroabrasive treatment to round the cutting edges. The value of the rounding radius for this plate is 0.03-0.05 mm. The criterion of processing efficiency was the number of defective SMPs, due to the chipping of their cutting edges, during the time after which the radius of their rounding reached the indicated values. At the same time, NSRs were considered defective, which had more than three spalls on the cutting edges, or more than one spalling with dimensions equal to or more: 0.15 × 0.3 mm on the cutting edge, and 0.1 × 0.2 mm on the radius at the apex.

To obtain comparative data, the processing was carried out in a known device and in the device according to the invention.

The processing was carried out in a known vibrating device with a diameter of the rounded part of the body 210 mm, with its frequency of oscillations of 1500 min ^-1 and the amplitude of the oscillations of 2.5 mm The diameter of each of the three simultaneously used drums was 70 mm. Pebbles were used as a carrier medium.

In the proposed device, the working drum with a diameter of 190 mm, consisted of ten containers fastened together, each of which had twelve cylindrical working chambers located on a concentric circle with a diameter of 146 mm. At given drum sizes, 120 parts were simultaneously processed in it.

When processing in both devices, the molded abrasive filler PT 3 × 3 and the working fluid — a 3% solution of soda ash — were used as the processing medium.

Identification of the NSR marriage associated with chipping their cutting edges was carried out according to the method described in GOST 19086-80. Parts were subjected to continuous control.

The results of comparative experiments are shown in table 1.

Table 1. Device The number of simultaneously processed parts, pcs. Processing time, min Number of defective parts due to chipping of cutting edges, pcs. The specific consumption of the processing medium per component, kg / det. Famous 120 67 12 0,044 Proposed 120 68 - 0,025

From the above data, it can be seen that with an equal number of machined parts and approximately the same processing time, the present invention provides a significant reduction in marriage of parts due to chipping of the cutting edges and a 1.8-fold reduction in the consumption of the processing medium.

INFORMATION SOURCES

1. USSR AS No. 1020214 A “Device for vibration processing”. Publ. 05/30/80, BI No. 20. Authors Ignatkov D.A. and etc.

2. RF patent №2 286 239 "Device for vibration processing of parts." Publ. 10.27.2006, BI No. 30. Authors Trilissky V.O. and etc.

3. USSR AS No. 626941 "Method of vibration processing of parts." Publ. 10/05/78, BI No. 37. Authors Mukomel A.V. and etc.

Claims (1)

A device for vibration processing of parts, comprising an elastically suspended body with a rounded bottom, a base with a vibrator and a spring suspension and a working drum with machined parts and processing medium housed in it, characterized in that the working drum is made in the form of a package of box-type containers, coaxially and sequentially fastened together by a central axis, while in each container there are made deaf chambers arranged along a concentric circle with a bottom at one of the ends of the container for placing the workpieces and the processing medium, and in the assembled form, the container chambers are hermetically closed by the bottom of the adjacent container, and the last container is closed by a lid.

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