RU2500969C2 - Correction of individual rate of fire and device to this end - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weapons and ammunition.

SUBSTANCE: proposed method consists in selection of optimum rate of fire for every shooter by using sound-controlled stop-watch at comparison of entacoustic sensation of rate of fire with actual time of shooting. This allows simulating of optimum rate of fire and reducing time for shooter training in fire to flying targets from different positions. Proposed device consists of stop-watch, acoustic relay and mike.

EFFECT: ruled out errors of manual time measurements.

2 cl, 9 dwg

Description

The invention relates to sports simulators and can be used in trap and bullet shooting, mainly on a trench stand, to simulate the optimal rate of fire.

In booth shooting, where it is conducted on specially equipped platforms for flying targets, one of the main factors in assessing the quality of a shot is the rate of fire, which is understood as the time from giving a command to launch a target to the moment the shot is fired by the first cartridge. This rate of fire depends not so much on the speed of the shooter’s reaction, but on the optimal, individual technique for this particular athlete.

The optimal rate of fire is considered to be 0.55-0.75 s (latent reaction period - up to 0.19 s, aiming time - up to 0.37 s). In this period of time, the shooter must evaluate the speed and direction of flight of the target, escort it, aim and pull the trigger. Shooting for more than 0.8 s cannot ensure reliable destruction of the target due to loss of speed and accuracy of shot charge. The firing efficiency is also greatly reduced at a very fast pace, less than 0.5 s [1, 2].

The shooter's most common mistake is that he begins to move behind the target immediately after its appearance, without a proper assessment of the target’s flight. Then the shooter tries to make a shot, bringing the weapon barrels to the target, but due to the equal speeds of the target and the barrel, the shot charge often passes behind the target. Also, when changing the pace of shooting, the shooter can far release the target, and it leaves the affected area.

Closest to the technical nature of the claimed invention is a method of generating an individual model of the rate of fire of a shooter using a stopwatch, which allows to optimize the development of the correct technique for him [3].

However, manual measurement of the time spent by the shooter to evaluate the target’s flight, aiming and firing with the help of a stopwatch has a very large error, depending on the individual characteristics of the person making the measurement.

The objective of the invention is to improve the method of fire control and create a device that allows individually, for each athlete, to simulate the rate of fire on a trench stand.

The task is achieved in that for each shooter determine the most optimal rate of fire for him using a sound-controlled stopwatch (acoustic stopwatch). A correctly selected rate of fire is characterized by the sequential execution of both the initial stage of aiming and the direct shot - the arrow must first release the target, and then start moving at the right time, smoothly and with acceleration. Repeatedly repeating a certain sequence of actions in a limited period of time (from 0.55 to 0.75 s) allows him to develop the necessary skill quite quickly and as soon as possible when shooting at flying targets, and the sound signal to work out the optimal pace for this particular shooter, because knowing the true time taken to fire a shot is very important. The athlete himself can compare his subjective feelings about the rate of fire with the real time at which the shot is fired. There is a feedback that allows him to adjust the shooting at different positions.

A device for implementing the proposed method for adjusting the optimal rate of fire (Fig. 5) consists of a stopwatch 1, an audio relay 2 (the circuit diagram of which is shown in Fig.6) and a microphone 3.

The sound relay is powered by a 9V crown element. The D1 chip is a voltage stabilizer necessary for the high-quality operation of the entire sound relay. The toggle switch KN1 serves to turn the device on and off. The voltage indicator is made on the LED V1 and the resistor R1. The amplifying stage of the sound is made on the transistor V2 according to the scheme with a common emitter. The cascade on the diodes V3, V4, resistor R4 and capacitor C3 is a rectifier. The cascade on the D2 chip, resistors R6, R7 and capacitor C4 serves to form a strobe that blocks the inhomogeneities of the sound command. The cascade on the D3 chip turns the stopwatch on and off according to the sound commands given to the microphone B1.

Examples of specific performance. Shooting at the trench stand is made from five shooting places in shifts of six people. The shooting range is equipped with fifteen throwing machines, which are divided into five groups of three cars in each. According to modern rules, the target is cast at a distance of 76 m (+/- 1 m) at a height of the target path above the surface of the trench 2 m and 10 m above the point of departure. Figure 1 shows the main dimensions of the platform for shooting in the ladder exercise (one of the exercises on the trench stand).

According to the rules of the competition, shooting is carried out in a series of 25 shots, each shooter takes 10 left, 10 right and 5 straight plates. In qualification shooting, an athlete is allowed to use two rounds to hit each target. A target is considered to be affected if a fragment visible to the eye flies off from it. Due to changes in the rules of the competition from January 1, 2005, shooting in the final series in the ladder exercise for both women and men is carried out with one cartridge.

Figure 2 shows the manufacture of the shooter at a shooting place and shows the direction of the line of sight in the zone of departure of the target. Figure 3 shows the position of the torso, head and hands of the shooter at the stage of completion of preparation for firing at the trench stand: a - front view, b - right side view; figure 4 shows a diagram of the position of the legs and guns in the manufacture: 1 - projection of the feet; 2 - angle of movement of the system "shooter - weapon" at the time of leashes; 3 - direction of manufacture.

In the manufacture of arrows, one gazes toward the intended location of the appearance of the target. With the position of the barrel of the weapon aimed at the edge of the visor of the trench, his gaze should be directed a little further, as if directed to the place where the target will fly after giving the command. The shooter must see a wide space to the right and left of the place of appearance of the hijacked target, because the eye is not immediately guided by the target, but after a certain period of time (see figure 2).

This time is from 0.15 to 0.19 s, during which the eye "rushes in pursuit, catches up with the target and follows it, not letting go of a single step." The eye, like any optical device, for obtaining a clear image changes the focal length, changing the curvature of the lens. A more “distant focusing” of the eye creates certain prerequisites for obtaining a “volumetric” vision in the exact place where the target appears. This allows not only better, but also earlier to see the target, especially targets with maximum horizontal deflection angles. It also contributes to increasing the width of the field of view in the region of the appearance of the target, the quickest way to look at the target, the speedy inclusion of the "tracking system" of the eye, since there is practically no time spent on the reflex change in the convexity of the lens of the eye and the "detection" of the appearing object.

After completing the manufacture, the shooter directs his gaze to the alleged location of the target and gives a command to the target. Light rays penetrate the eye through the lens, refracting in it, and with its help they focus on the retina.

After each shot, the trainer asks the shooter at what pace he fired the given shot and tells the shooter the readings of the acoustic stopwatch. Over time, the shooter can accurately determine your personal rate of fire. Later, he is invited to fire in “accelerated” or “slow” mode. For example, if the personal pace of the shooter is 0.68-0.72 s, then his permissible fluctuation (without changing the quality of shooting) is 0.10-0.12 s.

The shooter's task is not only to fire a shot in the allotted time period, but it is imperative to maintain the correct sequence of actions, which is controlled by high-speed video shooting, followed by viewing after each series of 5-25 shots.

The sound relay is placed in the chest pocket, the microphone is attached to the headphones or collar, and the stopwatch is located at the trainer (Fig.7). On Fig and 9 shows the different positions of the arrow at the time of the shot.

The inventive method of training a shooter at an individual rate of fire allows him to learn how to control his shooting, and the device for its implementation - to do this as soon as possible.

Literature

1. Bordunova M.V. Shooting Sports: Rifle Shooting. Pistol shooting. Trap shooting. / Bordunova Marina Viktorovna. - M .: Veche, 2002 .-- 383 p .; silt.

2. Zimenko V.V. On flying targets: [Shotgun shooting] / Zimenko V.V. - M .: FiS, 1969. - 127 p .; silt.

3. Polyakov M.I. Shooting at flying targets. Textbook-method. allowance for trap shooting. - M .: Physical education and sport, 1984. - 112 p .; silt.

Claims (2)

1. The way to adjust the individual rate of fire at the trench stand and in bullet shooting, in which the arrow determines the optimal rate of fire using a sound-controlled stopwatch, characterized in that the shooter controls the rate of his fire by comparing the subjective opinion of him with the real time spent on the execution a shot that is determined automatically by an audio signal and with high accuracy. 2. A device for implementing the method of adjusting the individual rate of fire according to claim 1 by measuring the time of the shot using a manual stopwatch, characterized in that the sound relay turns the stopwatch on and off according to the sound commands given to the microphone by the shooter.

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