RU2584280C1 - Kochetov unit of elastic elements of spring type - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine building.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to machine building. Unit of elastic elements contains a frame as a base and an upper platform for installation of vibration isolated object. External package of cushion springs is fastened to the upper platform by means of fastening elements. Frame base is used for arranging of stroke limiters of cushion springs of the external package. Unit of elastic elements consists of three packages of cushion springs of various height and various angle of inclination. Frame axle is rigidly connected to the upper platform. Packages of cushion springs are fixed on the frame axle through the spacer rings. At the centre of the lower base baffle plate and buffer for damping of impacts are installed. Lower base in place of contact with free ends of external package of cushion springs is coated with a frictional material. Each of packages contains three cushion springs of identical height and angle of inclination located with respect to each other at an angle 120°. Spacer rings are made from vibration damping material, for example polyurethane. Baffle plate and buffer are made in form of springs, turns of which are coated with vibration damping material, for example polyurethane.

EFFECT: higher efficiency of vibration isolation.

1 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The vibration isolator refers to the means of protecting a human operator from the harmful effects of vibration and can be used in various machines and mechanisms, in particular in the machine tool industry, textile and light industry, agriculture, instrument making, and transport engineering.

It is known the use of spring elastic elements for vibration isolation of technological equipment in the textile industry [1, 2, 3, 4]. Calculations show the high efficiency of these elastic elements in vibration isolation systems, while tests in real factory conditions confirm their effectiveness with high reliability and ease of maintenance.

However, to reduce low-frequency oscillations, a substantial dynamic course of spring elastic elements is required, which is difficult to maintain while maintaining the dimensions of the vibration-isolating systems.

It is known to use spring vibration isolators [5, 6], containing a base, a strut, spring elastic elements and support nodes, at one end of the base a support assembly consisting of upper and lower plates rigidly fastening to each other the spring end is rigidly fixed at the free end which establishes a fixing element with two sheet arched elastic elements, and between the base and the spring an additional elastic element of elastomer is placed.

The disadvantage of this type of vibration isolators is their small overall height, since they belong to the category of supporting vibration isolating systems, where overall dimensions are limited in height, and therefore, their own vibration frequency lies in the mid-frequency range.

Known spring equal-frequency vibration isolators [7, 8], containing a base, stand, spring elastic element and a support node, and the spring elastic element is made of variable section in a plane parallel to the base, and the cross-sectional area increases from the reference node on which the vibration-insulated object is mounted to the rack, in which the other end of the elastic element is rigidly fixed.

The disadvantage of this type of vibration isolators is the relatively low reliability in the resonant mode due to wear of the dry friction damper, which somewhat reduces the efficiency of vibration protection.

Known vibration isolator of equal frequency spring type [9], containing elastic elements in the form of flat springs, while one of the ends of the flat springs is fixed between two plates located in the upper part of the vibration isolator, on which a conical helical spring is fixed, and the other ends are connected using an annular bend on flat springs with friction shoes made in the form of U-shaped struts rigidly connected to the base of the shoes.

The disadvantage of this type of vibration isolators is the high cost of the vibration protection system, which is not always justified due to their low reliability.

The closest technical solution to the claimed object is a spring type vibration isolator according to RF patent No. 2269700 [10] (prototype) containing a base, a strut, spring elastic elements and support nodes, and a rod with a threaded end is rigidly fixed perpendicular to the base on which a stand is mounted, fixing the spring-type elastic element by means of beveled support elements and a cover, the angle of inclination of the support elements being in the range of 10 ... 30 °.

A disadvantage of the known device is the relatively low efficiency at resonance due to the absence of vibration damping.

The technical result is an increase in the efficiency of vibration isolation in a resonant mode.

This is achieved by the fact that in the spring-type elastic element block containing the frame in the form of a base and an upper platform for installing a vibration-insulated object, to which the spring package of the spring springs is attached by means of fasteners, the frame base serves to accommodate the travel stops of the spring springs of the external package, the block consists of at least three packages of spring springs of different heights and different angle of inclination to the axis of the frame rigidly connected to its upper platform, and on which are fixed spring springs through the spacer rings, while the outer spring spring package connects the upper frame platform to the lower base of the frame, in the center of which there is a chipper and buffer, which serve to absorb shock, and the lower base of the frame in terms of contact with the free ends of the external spring spring package covered with friction material for damping vibrations, and each of the packages of spring springs contains, in turn, at least three spring springs of the same height and angle to the axis of the frame ca arranged relative to each other in a plane at an angle of 120 °.

In FIG. 1 shows a frontal section of a spring-type block of elastic elements; FIG. 2 shows the arrangement of spring springs in packages of elastic elements of spring type, FIG. 3 is a profile of one of the spring springs in the bag; FIG. 4 - View A of FIG. 3.

A spring-type elastic element block containing a frame (Fig. 1) in the form of a base 2 and an upper platform 1 for installing a vibration-isolating object (not shown in the drawing), to which an external spring spring package 8 is attached via fasteners 4. The frame base 2 serves to placement of the stroke limiters 16 and 17 of the spring springs 8 of the outer package.

The spring-type elastic elements block consists of at least three packages 5, 7, 8 spring springs (Figs. 3, 4) of different heights and different tilt angles to the frame axis 9 with a threaded shank 10 and a nut 11 on which the bags are fixed through the mounting rings 6 and 12.

An external package of spring springs 8 connects the upper platform 1 of the frame with the lower base 2 of the frame, in the center of which is installed a chipper 13 and a buffer 14, which are used to absorb shock. The lower base 2 of the frame in terms of contact with the free ends 15 of the outer package of spring springs 8 is covered with friction material 3 for damping vibrations.

The axis 9 of the frame is rigidly connected to its upper platform 1.

Spacing rings 12 located on the axis 9, rigidly connected to the upper platform 1, which fix the package of at least three 5, 7, 8 spring springs, are made of vibration damping material, such as polyurethane.

Each of the packages 5, 7, 8 of spring springs contains, in turn, at least three spring springs of the same height and angle of inclination to the axis 9 of the frame, located relative to each other in plan (Fig. 2) at an angle of 120 °.

It is possible that the chipper 13 and buffer 14, which are used to absorb shock and are located in the center of the lower base 2 of the frame, are made in the form of springs, the turns of which are covered with vibration damping material, for example polyurethane (not shown in the drawing).

It is possible that the chipper 13 and buffer 14, which are used to absorb shock and are located in the center of the lower base 2 of the frame, are made in the form of springs filled with vibration damping material, for example polyurethane (not shown in the drawing).

The block of elastic elements of spring type works as follows.

When a static load is applied to the upper platform 1 of the frame, it falls down, compressing packages of 5, 7, 8 spring springs that absorb vertical loads, thereby weakening the dynamic effect on the base 2 installed on the floor of the building or chassis of the vehicle (in the drawing not shown). Nonlinear damping in the system is due to the presence of stroke limiters 16 and 17 of the spring block of elastic elements with a spatial orientation of the spring spring packages included in it.

When a dynamic load is applied from the side of an object, for example, operating equipment, the vibration is damped by a block of spring-type elastic elements, the stiffness of which is calculated to operate the complex “overlap-elastic elements-object” system in the resonance mode, while providing spatial vibration protection and shock protection due to packages 5, 7, 8 spring springs. The damping of the vibration-insulated object at high frequencies increases due to dry friction, which provides the necessary damping in the system at resonance. The effect of dry friction is realized by the free ends of 15 spring springs, which slide in dynamic modes along the friction coating of the lower base 3 of the frame.

The proposed technical solution is an effective vibration-protective tool that can be used to protect both equipment and the operator, with ease of maintenance and reliability of the structure in operation.

Sources of Bibliography

1. Kochetov O.S., Sazhin B.S. Noise and vibration reduction in production: theory, calculation, technical solutions. M .: MSTU im. A.N. Kosygina, 2001 .-- 319 p.: P. 196, fig. 5.64.

2. Kochetov OS, Textile vibroacoustics. Textbook for universities. M .: MSTU im. A.N. Kosygina, “Sovezh Bevo” group 2003. - 191 p.: P. 60, Fig. 3.2.

3. Kochetov OS, Method for calculating spring-type vibration isolators for looms // Izv. universities. Technology of the textile industry. - 2002, No. 2. S. 103 ... 107.

4. Kochetov OS, Calculation of the spatial system of vibration protection. The journal "Occupational Safety in Industry", No. 8, 2009, pp. 32-37.

5. Kochetov O.S., Kochetova M.O., Khodakova T.D. Vibration isolator spring // Patent for invention No. 2267038. Published on December 27th, 2005. Bulletin of inventions No. 36.

6. Kochetov O.S., Kochetova M.O., Khodakova T.D. Spatial spring vibration isolator // Patent for invention No. 2276295. Published on May 10th, 2006. Bulletin of inventions No. 13.

7. Kochetov O.S., Kochetova M.O., Khodakova T.D. Vibration isolator spring equal-frequency // Patent for invention No. 2267039. Published on December 27th, 2005. Bulletin of inventions No. 36.

8. Kochetov O.S., Kochetova M.O., Khodakova TD, Shesterninov A.V. Spring vibration isolator // Patent for invention No. 2282073. Posted on 08/20/06. Bulletin of inventions No. 23.

9. Kochetov O.S., Kochetova M.O., Khodakova T.D., Shesterninov A.V., Stareev M.E. Vibration isolator of equal frequency spring type // Patent for invention No. 2299370. Published on July 10th, 2006. Bulletin of inventions No. 14.

10. Kochetov O.S., Kochetova M.O., Khodakova T.D. Vibration isolator spring type // Patent for invention No. 2269700. Posted on 02/10/06. Bulletin of inventions No. 4.

Claims (2)

1. The spring-type elastic element block, comprising a frame in the form of a base and an upper platform for installing a vibration-insulated object, to which an external spring spring package is attached by means of fasteners, the frame base being used to accommodate the spring travel stoppers of the external spring package, consists of at least three packages of spring springs of different heights and different angle of inclination to the axis of the frame rigidly connected to its upper platform, and on which packages of spring springs are fixed through mounting rings, while the outer spring spring package connects the upper frame platform to the lower base of the frame, in the center of which there is a chipper and buffer that are used to absorb shock, and the lower base of the frame in part of the contact with the free ends of the outer spring spring package is covered with friction material for vibration damping, and each of the packages of spring springs contains, in turn, at least three spring springs of the same height and angle of inclination to the axis of the frame, located at each other in plan at an angle of 120 °, while the spacer rings located on an axis rigidly connected to the upper platform, which fix the package of at least three spring springs, are made of vibration damping material, such as polyurethane, characterized in that the chipper and buffer, which are used to absorb shock and are located in the center of the lower base of the frame, are made in the form of springs, the turns of which are covered with vibration damping material, such as polyurethane. 2. The spring-type elastic elements block according to claim 1, characterized in that the chipper and buffer, which are used to absorb shock and are located in the center of the lower base of the frame, are made in the form of springs filled with vibration damping material, such as polyurethane.

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