RU2574273C1 - Atomiser of agricultural sprayer - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: in the atomiser of the agricultural sprayer, the nozzle bodies are kinematically connected to the control unit by turning the nozzles, which decodes the signals of the sensor of operating speed of the sprayer from its support wheels.

EFFECT: provision of the ability to monitor continuously the operating speed of the sprayer and in accordance to its value to optimise automatically the inclination angles of to the vertical, it enables to avoid labour costs for manual changeover of the nozzles, forced stops of the sprayer during its operation, and to maintain continuously the optimal modes of spraying.

3 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to sprayers of agricultural sprayers.

Known sprayer agricultural sprayer with two (front and rear) nozzles [1]. The axis of the spray pattern of the front nozzle is tilted forward along the working movement of the sprayer at a constant angle of 10 ° to the vertical. The axis of the spray pattern of the rear nozzle has a reverse direction (in the back) also at a constant angle, but (-50 °) to the vertical.

During operation of the sprayer, the absolute velocity vector of the droplets of the working fluid flowing out of the nozzles, due to the working (portable) speed of the sprayer, tilts towards its movement. When moving the sprayer across the field with a predetermined speed, the tilt angles to the vertical of the absolute droplet velocity vectors are aligned for both nozzles. Plants are uniformly covered with working fluid on the upstream and back sides.

However, due to the variability of the state of the field, characterized by the variable properties of the soil and topography, in the process, the sprayer speed must be changed. And for each variant of the speed of the sprayer, which is acceptable in relation to specific conditions, there should be its own parameters of the inclination of the front and rear nozzles to the vertical axes of the spray nozzles, ensuring alignment of the angles of inclination of the absolute velocity of the droplets to the vertical.

To eliminate the shortcomings of the known construction, it is proposed that the front and rear nozzles of the spray gun be periodically autonomously rotated in a longitudinally vertical plane depending on the variable value of the sprayer working speed so that the angles of inclination to the vertical of the absolute drop velocity vectors have a given value β and are the same for both nozzles. This condition is met if, when the working speed V is changed, the angles of inclination of the nozzle spray nozzles to the vertical are laid off according to the measurement scales according to the dependences

- для передней форсунки и $${\alpha }_{\mathrm{one}}=\beta -\arcsin \left(\frac{v}{v_{\mathrm{one}}}\cos \beta \right)$$

- for the front nozzle and

- для задней форсунки, $$-{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="\alpha "\; filenames="00000008.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">\alpha </figure-callout>}}_2=\arcsin \left(\frac{v}{v_{\mathrm{one}}}\cos \beta \right)+\beta$$

- for the rear nozzle,

where V ₁ and V ₂ - the relative speed of the drops flowing out respectively from the front and rear nozzles [2].

However, the variability of soil properties and topography, as a rule, is present within even one field. Therefore, when the sprayer is in operation, it is necessary to stop it periodically and manually reconfigure the nozzle tilt, which is associated with additional labor costs and reduces spraying performance. In addition, the operating conditions of the sprayer do not change discretely (stepwise), but continuously. Therefore, manual discrete reconfiguration of the nozzle tilt is accompanied by areas of sprayer operation at non-optimal mode, which affects the quality of the reception.

The aim of the invention is to reduce labor costs, increase productivity and spraying quality of crops.

To achieve this goal, the sprayer contains front and rear nozzles with the possibility of autonomous rotation in the longitudinal vertical plane. The nozzles are rotated in this plane according to the dependences ensuring the equality of the angles of inclination of the vectors of the absolute velocities of their drops to the vertical with a variable operating speed of the sprayer. This condition is observed by adjusting the position of the nozzles during operation of the sprayer not discretely manually, but continuously automatically - by means of the control unit for turning the nozzles.

The kinematic connection of the nozzle bodies with the control unit for their rotation is carried out by means of two hydraulic cylinders with autonomous liquid flow distributors. Each of the hydraulic cylinders is associated with only one of the nozzles. The nozzle rotation control unit also contains a microprocessor device that controls the hydraulic cylinders by means of their liquid flow distributors. The microprocessor device on the basis of sensor signals from the support wheels continuously monitors the operating speed of the sprayer. Hydraulic cylinders automatically rotate nozzles to the required angle.

Using the invention allows online to continuously monitor the operating speed of the sprayer and, in accordance with its value, automatically optimize the nozzle tilt angles to the vertical. This allows you to avoid labor costs for manual readjustment of nozzles, forced stops of the sprayer during its operation and to continuously maintain optimal spraying conditions.

In FIG. A structural diagram of the proposed atomizer is shown (side view).

The sprayer contains front 1 and rear 2 nozzles with the possibility of autonomous rotation in the longitudinally vertical plane on hinges 5 and 3. The axis of the spray nozzle 1 has a direction V ₁ forward along the working movement of the sprayer V. The direction V _{2 of the} axis of the spray nozzle 2 is the opposite (back). The nozzles 1 and 2 are in kinematic communication with the rotation control unit, which contains hydraulic cylinders 6 and 4 with autonomous fluid flow distributors 10 and 7, a microprocessor control device 8 and a sprayer operating speed sensor from its support wheels 9.

The atomizer operates as follows. The sprayer moves across the field with a variable speed V, registered by the sensor from wheels 9. The sprayer speed signal is supplied to the microprocessor control device 8, which controls the hydraulic cylinders 6 and 5 by means of fluid flow distributors 10 and 7, which automatically turn nozzles 1 and 2 in hinges 5 and 3 to the desired angle.

The nozzle rotation control unit decodes the sprayer operating speed sensor signals from its support wheels 9 and rotates the nozzles 1 and 2 according to the instructions

- для передней форсунки и $${\alpha }_{\mathrm{one}}=\beta -\arcsin \left(\frac{v}{v_{\mathrm{one}}}\cos \beta \right)$$

- for the front nozzle and

- для задней форсунки. $$-{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="\alpha "\; filenames="00000008.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">\alpha </figure-callout>}}_2=\arcsin \left(\frac{v}{v_{\mathrm{one}}}\cos \beta \right)+\beta$$

- for the rear nozzle.

. Скорости V₁ и V₂ известны из технической характеристики используемых распылителей.In the above instructions, the most acceptable angle β is $$\beta =\frac{\mathrm{one}}{\mathrm{four}}\pi$$

. Speeds V ₁ and V _{2 are} known from the technical specifications of the sprayers used.

Thus, continuous automatic alignment of the tilt angles to the vertical of the absolute speed of the spray nozzles of the front and rear nozzles of the sprayer is made when the operating speed of the sprayer is varied.

Literature

1. Injection nozzles. TurboDrop ^® HiSpeed Standart. Prospectus from Agrotop (Spray Technology). - Germany. - 2008. Internet.

2. Pat. 2416466. Russian Federation, IPC B05B 1/14, A01M 11/00. Sprayer of an agricultural sprayer / Gureev I.I .; Applicant and patent holder State Scientific Institution All-Russian Research Institute of Agriculture and Soil Protection from Erosion. - No. 2008146305/12; declared 11/24/2008; publ. 05/27/2010, Bull. No. 15. - 5 p.: Ill.

Claims (3)

1. The sprayer of an agricultural sprayer containing the front and rear nozzles with the possibility of autonomous rotation in the longitudinal-vertical plane, the angle of inclination of the axes of the spray torches which to the vertical is determined by the dependencies

- for the front nozzle and

- for the rear nozzle,
where β is the angle of inclination to the vertical of the vectors of absolute velocities of the droplets flowing from the front and rear nozzles; V - operating speed of the sprayer; V ₁ and V ₂ - the relative speed of the drops flowing out respectively from the front and rear nozzles, characterized in that the nozzle bodies are kinematically connected with the nozzle rotation control unit, which decodes the signals of the sprayer working speed sensor from its support wheels. 2. The sprayer according to claim 1, characterized in that the control unit is equipped with two hydraulic cylinders with autonomous liquid flow distributors and a microprocessor control device for liquid flow distributors according to the signals of the sprayer operating speed sensor. 3. The sprayer according to claim 1, characterized in that the hydraulic cylinders are included in the hydraulic system of the power facility, each of which is associated with only one of the nozzles.

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