RU2570536C1 - Unit for food drying and agglomeration - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine building.

SUBSTANCE: in unit for food drying and agglomeration containing drying chamber with slotted nozzles located on the internal surface of its cylindrical part, they are connected by pipelines with the header for heater gases supply, their axes are located tangentially to the imaginary circle, input material supply unit, sprayer installed at chamber axis, calorifier, system for product particles catching, and unloading unit; the new idea is that the input product supply unit comprises the vibrating feeder, ejector and discharge pump to create and to supply the gas suspension to the drying chamber, at that the gas suspension injection is performed tangentially to the inside surface of the cylindrical part of the drying chamber, in the drying chamber three slotted nozzles are installed, one in top part of the chamber to supply the gas suspension, and two nozzles are for heating medium supply at output of the drying chamber, additionally the device creating aero-vibro-fluidised bed is installed with branches to supply the heating medium, coolant and branches of output of spent heating medium and agglomerates.

EFFECT: unit for food drying and agglomeration extends its functions due to spraying of the drying material on the sprayed air, and intensifies the drying and agglomeration functions.

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Description

The invention relates to the drying of dispersed materials and can be used for drying bulk materials in the food, chemical, metallurgical and other industries.

Known spray dryer [US Pat. RF №2328676, F26B 3/12, publ. 07/10/2008, bull. No. 19], containing a cylindrical-shaped chamber with chordally placed nozzles for supplying coolant whose axes are tangent to the imaginary circle, and a spray gun mounted on the chamber axis.

A disadvantage of the known spray dryer is the possibility of adhesion of the material to the walls of the chamber, uneconomical and low quality drying.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved effect to the intended is a vortex spray dryer [US Pat. RF №2513077, IPC Cl ⁷ F26B 17/10, F26B 3/12, V05V 1/34, publ. 04/20/2014, bull. No. 11], comprising a cylindrical drying chamber with chordally placed nozzles for supplying heated gases whose axes are tangent to an imaginary circle, and a spray gun mounted along the chamber axis, the drying chamber being made in the form of two cylinders of different diameters connected in series, the smaller of which is 1.0-1.5 diameters of the above imaginary circle, and the nozzles are located from the output section of the smaller cylinder at a distance not exceeding two nozzle diameters, in it at the level of the nozzles in the plane vanes parallel to its axis, at a distance from it h = aR, blades are installed, inclined towards the flow of gases leaving the nozzles, where a is the nozzle chordality, R is the radius of the chamber, and the blades are mounted to move along the axis of the chamber and rotate in the plane perpendicular to the axis of the chamber, the dryer has at least two slotted nozzles located on the inner wall of the large cylinder, the nozzles being located in manifolds connected by pipelines to a collector for supplying heated gas c, and are directed along the tangent to the circumference of the large cylinder at the point of contact of the collector with the inner wall of the large cylinder, while the liquid atomizer contains a hollow cylindrical body with a channel for supplying liquid and a coaxially rigidly connected sleeve with a nozzle fixed in its lower part, made in in the form of a cylindrical two-stage sleeve, the upper cylindrical step of which is connected via a threaded connection to a central core consisting of a cylindrical part and a hollow cone coaxial with it som installed with an annular gap relative to the inner surface of the cylindrical sleeve, and the annular gap is connected with at least three radial channels made in a two-stage sleeve, connecting it to the annular cavity formed by the inner surface of the sleeve and the outer surface of the upper cylindrical step, and the annular the cavity is connected to the channel of the housing for supplying fluid, and to the cone, in its lower part, the atomizer is rigidly attached with a screw, which is made in the form of an end round at least two rows of cylindrical throttle holes with axes lying in planes perpendicular to the axis of the cone, and in each row are made on the side of the plate, the edges of which are bent towards the annular gap between the nozzle and the hollow cone. at least three holes, and the axis of the throttle holes of one row are offset relative to the axes of the throttle holes of the other row by an angle lying in the range of 15 ÷ 60 °, and on the inner surfaces of the cylindrical throttle holes x on the side surface of the cone with axes lying in planes perpendicular to the axis of the cone, there are helical grooves.

The disadvantages of the known vortex spray dryer are the limited functionality of the dryer, unreliable operation, high energy consumption.

An object of the invention is to expand the functionality of the dryer by spraying dry material onto the sprayed product, which provides an agglomeration process, high reliability and reduced energy consumption for the process.

The technical task of the invention is achieved by the fact that in the installation for drying and agglomerating food media containing a drying chamber with slotted nozzles located on the inner surface of its cylindrical part, connected by pipelines to a collector for supplying heated gases, the axes of which are tangent to the imaginary circle, node the supply of the source product, the atomizer mounted on the axis of the chamber, the air heater, a system for trapping particles of the product and the unloading unit, new is that the supply unit of the source The product consists of a vibratory feeder, an ejector device and an injection pump for creating and supplying a gas suspension to the drying chamber, the gas suspension being introduced tangentially to the inner surface of the cylindrical part of the drying chamber, three slotted nozzles are installed in the drying chamber, one located in the upper part of the chamber gas suspension and two for supplying coolant; at the outlet of the drying chamber, an additional device is installed for creating an aero-vibro-fluidized bed with heat input pipes carrier, cooling agent, and outlet pipes for waste heat carrier and agglomerates.

The technical result of the invention is to expand the functionality of the dryer by spraying dry material onto the sprayed product, which provides an agglomeration process, in high reliability and reducing energy costs for carrying out agglomeration and drying processes.

In FIG. 1 shows an apparatus for drying and agglomerating food media, FIG. 2 is a general view of the dryer, and in FIG. 3 is a diagram of an agglomeration process therein.

Installation for drying and agglomeration of food media (Fig. 1) contains a drying chamber 1 of a cylindrical shape with a conical upper part 2, a conical lower part 3 and a nozzle for unloading 4, a spray 5, a slot nozzle 6 for supplying highly dispersed material and two slot nozzles 7 for coolant supply, a device for creating an aero-vibro-fluidized bed 8, a cyclone 9, a scrubber 10, a collection of a finely dispersed fraction 11 and a fan 12, a vibratory feeder 13, an ejector device 14, a discharge pump 15, a highly dispersed feed pipe fraction 16 returned from the recovery system, the heater 17, the manifold 18, the agglomerates unloading assembly 19.

Installation for drying and agglomeration of food environments works as follows.

The finely divided initial product is vibrated with the aid of the ejector device 14 through the slotted nozzle 6 and is tangentially fed into the cylindrical part of the drying chamber 1. The suspension of the product is dispersed using the atomizer 5 in the upper conical part 2 of the drying chamber 1. The heated coolant is supplied through the collector 18 to the slotted nozzles 7. Due to the expiration of 7 jets of heated coolant from slotted nozzles directed tangentially to the circumference of the casing of the drying chamber 1 and supplying a gas suspension from the nozzle 6, an additional an intense vortex connected with the main vortex formed by tangential supply of the coolant to the upper cone-shaped part of the drying chamber by the heat exchanger 17. The direction of the main and additional vortices is the same in order to obtain the maximum energy of the total rotating vortex, which, together with the material being dried, reaches the optimal mode of the rotating ring most preferred for spray dryers.

The liquid fraction of the product (Fig. 3) is mixed with the dry fine fraction tangentially supplied through the nozzle 6, and in the process of joint movement it is agglomerated and dried, and then it enters the lower conical part 3 of the drying chamber 1, from where it is removed through the discharge pipe 4 and enters A device for creating an aero-vibro-fluidized bed 8 for additional final agglomeration, drying and cooling. The cooled agglomerates are removed through the unloading unit of the agglomerates 19.

The finely dispersed fraction carried away by the spent coolant during the agglomeration process is separated from the spent coolant by a particle removal system consisting of a cyclone 9, a scrubber 10 and a collector 11, and is returned through the feed pipe of the finely dispersed fraction 16, the discharge pump 15, through the ejector device 14 and the slot nozzle 6 in the drying chamber 1 to continue the agglomeration process.

The waste coolant is removed to the atmosphere using a fan 12.

Installation for drying and agglomeration of food media allows you to:

- to expand its functionality by spraying dry material onto the sprayed product;

- reduce energy costs for the process;

- Intensify the drying and sintering processes.

Claims (1)

Installation for drying and agglomeration of food media, containing a drying chamber with slotted nozzles located on the inner surface of its cylindrical part, connected by pipelines to a collector for supplying heated gases, the axes of which are tangent to the imaginary circle, the feed unit of the initial product, a sprayer installed on camera axis, air heater, a system for collecting product particles and an unloading unit, characterized in that the feed unit of the initial product consists of a vibratory feeder, an ejector device of a solid and a pressure pump for creating and supplying a gas suspension to the drying chamber, the gas suspension being introduced tangentially to the inner surface of the cylindrical part of the drying chamber, three slotted nozzles are installed in the drying chamber, one located at the top of the chamber for introducing a gas suspension and two for supplying a gas suspension coolant, at the outlet of the drying chamber, an additional device is installed for creating an aero-vibro-fluidized bed with nozzles for introducing a coolant, cooling agent and nozzles for outlet botanical coolant and agglomerates.

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