RU2566362C2 - Melted electrolyte for chemical current source - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: electricity.

SUBSTANCE: invention refers to electrical engineering, in particular, to the development of melted electrolytes based on lithium and potassium salts for chemical current sources. The melted electrolyte for a chemical current source that includes lithium fluoride, lithium metavanadate and other potassium compounds is distinguished by the fact that among potassium salts it contains chloride, bromide and metavanadate with the following ratio of components, by weight %: lithium fluoride 1.06…1.30; lithium metavanadate 32.99…33.92; potassium chloride 1.24…1.88; potassium bromide 5.58…6.58; potassium metavanadate 58.13…58.74.

EFFECT: claimed electrolyte has significant advantage in comparison with the known similar melts as it provides temperature decrease per 36-42°C thus allowing reduction in power costs for the activation of electrolyte into the operating state and expanding the temperature range for the electrolyte usage.

1 tbl

Description

The invention relates to the field of the electrical industry, in particular to the development of molten electrolytes for chemical current sources based on lithium and potassium salts.

Known electrolyte for chemical current sources, including lithium and potassium metavanadates and potassium chloride (Garkushin I.K., Gubanova T.V., Petrov A.S., Anipchenko B.V. Phase equilibria in systems involving metavanadates of certain alkali metals. - M.: Mechanical Engineering-1, 2005. - 118 p.). However, it has a high melting point of 410 ° C.

Known electrolyte for chemical current sources, including fluoride, bromide, metavanadate and lithium molybdate (Frolov E.I., Gubanova T.V., Garkushin I.K. Phase equilibria in systems involving lithium salts. Ekaterinburg: Ural Branch of RAS, 2010. 121 s.). However, it has a high melting point of 394 ° C.

Known electrolyte for chemical current sources, including fluoride, chloride, metavanadate and lithium chromate with a melting point of 340 ° C (Garkushin I.K., Gubanova T.V., Petrov A.S., Anipchenko B.V. Phase equilibria in systems with the participation of metavanadates of some alkali metals. - M: Mashinostroenie-1, 2005. - 118 p.). Take this electrolyte as a prototype.

However, this electrolyte has a high melting point, which reduces the range of its use in temperature and further increases the energy consumption for putting it into working condition.

The novelty of the claimed composition compared with the known lies in the fact that the electrolyte contains lithium and potassium metavanadates, potassium chloride and bromide and lithium fluoride.

The technical result is to reduce the melting temperature of the salt composition.

The technical result is achieved in that the electrolyte contains lithium fluoride and metavanadate, as well as potassium chloride, bromide and metavanadate in the following ratio, wt. %:

Lithium fluoride 1.06 ... 1.30 Lithium metavanadate 32.99 ... 33.92 Potassium chloride 1.24 ... 1.88 Potassium bromide 5.58 ... 6.58 Potassium metavanadate 58.13 ... 58.74

The proposed electrolyte is prepared as follows. The initial pre-dehydrated salts are weighed, placed in a platinum microtigger in a shaft-type heating furnace and melted. The ratio of ingredients and melting temperature of the compositions for the claimed limits are as follows:

Example 1

0.0032 g (1.07 wt.%) Lithium fluoride + 0.1001 g (33.35 wt.%) Lithium metavanadate + 0.0038 g (1.26 wt.%) Potassium chloride + 0.0169 g ( 5.63 wt.%) Potassium bromide + 0.1761 g (58.69 wt.%) Potassium metavanadate

The melting point is 301 ° C.

Example 2

0.0040 g (1.30 wt.%) Lithium fluoride + 0.0998 g (33.26 wt.%) Lithium metavanadate + 0.0037 g (1.25 wt.%) Potassium chloride + 0.0168 g ( 5.62 wt.%) Potassium bromide + 0.1757 g (58.57 wt.%) Potassium metavanadate

The melting point is 304 ° C.

Example 3

0.0031 g (1.06 wt.%) Lithium fluoride + 0.1018 g (33.92 wt.%) Lithium metavanadate + 0.0037 g (1.24 wt.%) Potassium chloride + 0.0167 g ( 5.58 wt.%) Potassium bromide + 0.1746 g (58.2 wt.%) Potassium metavanadate

The melting point is 298 ° C.

Example 4

0.0032 g (1.06 wt.%) Lithium fluoride + 0.0994 g (33.12 wt.%) Lithium metavanadate + 0.0056 g (1.88 wt.%) Potassium chloride + 0.0168 g ( 5.61 wt.%) Potassium bromide + 0.1750 g (58.33 wt.%) Potassium metavanadate

The melting point is 299 ° C.

Example 5

0.0032 g (1.06 wt.%) Lithium fluoride + 0.0990 g (32.99 wt.%) Lithium metavanadate + 0.0037 g (1.24 wt.%) Potassium chloride + 0.0197 g ( 6.58 wt.%) Potassium bromide + 0.1744 g (58.13 wt.%) Potassium metavanadate

The melting point is 302 ° C.

Example 6

0.0032 g (1.07 wt.%) Lithium fluoride + 0.1000 g (33.32 wt.%) Lithium metavanadate + 0.0037 g (1.24 wt.%) Potassium chloride + 0.0169 g ( 5.63 wt.%) Potassium bromide + 0.1762 g (58.74 wt.%) Potassium metavanadate

The melting point is 303 ° C.

Beyond the stated limits, the composition is not single-phase and has a higher melting point.

The table shows the comparative characteristics of the claimed composition and composition selected as a prototype.

The inventive electrolyte has a significant advantage over the known ones - the melting temperature is reduced by 36-42 ° C, which reduces the energy consumption for bringing the electrolyte into working condition and extends the temperature range of use of the electrolyte.

Claims (1)

A molten electrolyte for a chemical current source, including lithium fluoride, lithium metavanadate and alkali metal salts, characterized in that the salts of alkali metals are chloride, bromide and potassium metavanadate in the following ratio, wt.%:
Lithium fluoride 1.06 ... 1.30 Lithium metavanadate 32.99 ... 33.92 Potassium chloride 1.24 ... 1.88 Potassium bromide 5.58 ... 6.58 Potassium metavanadate 58.13 ... 58.74