RU2564980C1 - Protective suit of rescuer for operation at debris clearance - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: personal demand items.

SUBSTANCE: protective suit of rescuer for work at debris clearance consists of trousers with protective stockings, shirt with hood, two-finger gloves and inner helmet. Trousers are sewed together with the stockings which are ended with rubber saddle with boots to which tapes are sewn for fastening to feet, the top part of trousers has shoulder straps and half rings, and the shirt is combined with hood. From the back to its lower edge the intermediate half belt is sewn which is passed between feet and is buttoned in the lower part of shirt in front, and sleeves are ended with loops which are put on a thumb after putting on of gloves, the shirt sleeves have cuffs enclosing a wrist, and the hood is fixed on neck by tape and plastic prong, and the shirt bottom is pulled together with elastic tape and is fitted with belt, and trousers are held by means of two straps and buckles formed by half rings and fixed from below with half belts, it is also fitted with the protective vest from electromagnetic radiation, consisting of a fabric lining, connected to a protective shell, and in the fabric lining the elastic frame studs are fixed by means of clamps on the waist belt, and the protective shell is fastened on elastic frame studs, the protective shell has three layers, and the first layer, facing towards the operator environment, is implemented in the form of the interconnected rings, and the third layer facing towards the operator's body is made of the punched polymeric material, for example aramide fibre, and the second layer located between them is made elastic from elastic mesh elements, the material of rings is stainless steel which is processed by composite material with the increased protective properties from electromagnetic radiation, the composite material for protection against electromagnetic radiation consists of polymeric base with distributed particles of compounds (Fe, Si) or - Co with nanocrystal structure with the volume density (0.6÷1.4)·10^-5 1/nm³. The polymer base for fixation of powder particles position with nanocrystalline structure is made in the form of structure elements alternating between each other and arranged at the angle 90° to each other, and each of elements is made in the form of lengthy particles arranged in parallel rows. The particles, located to the left and to the right from it, are shifted to the value not exceeding a half of the maximum size of the particle, differing in that the second layer located between them is made elastic from ferromagnetic fabric containing a base, binding polymeric substance and powder of ferromagnetic material, and the fabric base is fabricated by the method of calico weaving. The main and weft threads are arranged as alternating mylar and magnetosoft monothreads, the amount of threads per meter is 5000÷7000, the magnetosoft monothreads are made from supermalloy or from molybdenic permalloy with the diameter 0.05÷0.1 mm, and mylar threads have linear density 10÷20 tex, the ferromagnetic powder is the powder of high-coercive alloy, and the content of components in fabric is in the following ratio, wt %: lavsan threads 10÷15 ; monothreads of magnetosoft material 20÷25; binding polymeric substance - acrylic copolymers 10÷15; powder of a high-coercive alloy 50÷55, and the intermediate layer located between an external shell and the layer facing towards the operator's body is made of the material absorbing radioactive radiation which is the material containing the filler in the form lead oxides (oxide of lead II, IY) and binder - polyvinylbutyral, ethyl acetate, di-(alkyl polyethylene glycol) ether of phosphoric acid with the formula

where n = 6, R - the alkyl residue containing 8-10 atoms of carbon, and ethyl cellulose at the following ratio of components, is used, wt %: oxide of lead II, IY 30.6-56.8; polyvinylbutyral 3.8-10.2; ethyl acetate 14.3-26.5; di-(alkyl polyethylene glycol ether of phosphoric acid) 0.2-0.4; ethyl cellulose - the rest; the new composition of the binder in the offered invention provides full compatibility with oxides of lead and allows to produce materials with high lead equivalent and degree of flexibility which has good adhesion to metals, to concrete, brick, also the material is the high-concentrated suspension which quickly hardens in air, and the material viscosity is 20÷70 Pa·s that allows to cast from it films of various thickness by die or extruder, to apply on a surface with brush, splashing, fill in various cavities, cracks and channels.

EFFECT: increase of efficiency of protection of rescuer in seismic and hazardous conditions in combination with radioactive radiation due to use of ferromagnetic material with improved parameters of absorption and dispersion of radioactive radiation, and also its increased durability.

9 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the equipment of rescuers in the field of emergency, in particular for the equipment of rescuers during emergency rescue operations in natural and man-made emergencies that cause destruction of objects, as well as in conditions of road traffic accidents and radiation.

The closest technical solution to the claimed facility is a lifeguard protective suit according to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2503385, designed to protect against radioactive dust, chemical and bacteriological effects on humans. Suit L-1 is a special protective clothing and is used in areas contaminated with toxic substances and emergency chemically hazardous substances. It is designed to protect skin, clothing and shoes from the long-term effects of toxic and toxic substances, toxic dust, to protect against solutions of acids, water, alkalis, sea salt, varnishes, paints, oils, fats and oil products, to protect against harmful biological factors, the performance of degassing, decontamination and disinfection work. The costume is made of rubberized T-15 fabric and consists of trousers with protective stockings, a shirt with a hood, two-fingered gloves and a comforter. The trousers are sewn together with stockings ending in rubber osoyuzka, and ribbons are sewn to them for fastening to the legs.

A disadvantage of the known design of lifeguard clothes is the relatively low degree of protection against the electromagnetic and radioactive effects of the lifeguard in emergency rescue operations.

A technically achievable result is an increase in the efficiency of protecting the rescuer from vibration loads during the analysis of blockages using vibration tools, as well as shielding of radioactive radiation.

This is achieved by the fact that in a protective suit of a lifeguard for working with a vibro-tool when analyzing rubble, consisting of trousers with protective stockings, a shirt with a hood, two-fingered gloves and a comforter, the trousers are sewn together with stockings ending in rubber boots with bots to which the ribbons are sewn for fastening to the legs, while in the upper part of the trousers there are shoulder straps and half rings, and the shirt is combined with a hood, and an intermediate strap is sewn to the lower edge of the hem, which is passed between the legs and fastens with a buttonhole the sheep in the lower part of the shirt in front, and the sleeves end with loops that are put on the thumb after putting on the gloves, while on the shirt’s sleeves there are cuffs that fit the wrist, and the hood is fixed on the neck with tape and a plastic peg, and the bottom of the shirt is pulled together with elastic tape and equipped with inguinal belt, and the trousers are held with two straps and buckles made of half rings and fixed below the straps, an additional protective vest is provided for electromagnetic radiation, consisting of a fabric lining connected with a protective shell, and elastic frame racks are fixed in the fabric lining by means of clips on the waist belt, and the protective shell is attached to the elastic frame racks, while the protective shell is made of three layers, the first layer facing the operator’s environment, made in the form of interconnected rings, and the third layer facing the operator’s body is made of perforated polymeric material, for example, aramid fiber, and the second layer located between them is made of elastic mesh elastic ementov, as the material of the rings is used stainless steel which is processed composite material with improved barrier properties against electromagnetic radiation.

In FIG. 1 shows a general view of the proposed lifeguard protective suit; FIG. 2 is a variant of a protective suit of a lifeguard with a gas mask, in FIG. 3 is a structural diagram of a lifeguard protective suit; FIG. 4 shows the construction of a protective vest against electromagnetic interference, FIG. 5 is a diagram of a protective jacket of a protective vest; FIG. 6 - structure of the composite material, in FIG. 7 shows a mitten, view of the palm side, in FIG. 8 is a profile projection of FIG. 1, in FIG. 9 - elastic damping elements of the mitten.

The protective suit of the lifeguard for work during the analysis of blockages (Figs. 1 and 3) consists of trousers 7 with protective stockings, a shirt 1 with a hood 2, two-fingered gloves 11 and a comforter. Pants 7 are sewn together with stockings ending in rubber osoyuzki with bots 8. Ribbons 9 are sewn to them for fastening to the legs. In the upper part of the trousers there are shoulder straps 10 and half rings (not shown in the drawing). Shirt 1 is combined with hood 2, an intermediate strap 5 is sewn to the lower edge at the back, which is passed between the legs and fastens on a button in the lower part of shirt 1 in front. Bag 6 is fixed on the strap. The sleeves end with loops 4, which are worn on the thumb after putting on the gloves 11. On the sleeves of the jacket there are cuffs that fit the wrist. The hood 2 is fixed to the neck with a tape 3 and a plastic peg. The bottom of the jacket (shirt) is pulled together with elastic tape and equipped with an inguinal belt (not shown in the drawing). The trousers are held with two straps 10 and buckles of half rings and are fixed at the bottom with straps.

A variant of the protective suit of a lifeguard for working with a vibro-tool during the analysis of blockages (Fig. 2) and for individual protection against radioactive dust and drip-aerosol poisonous substances, equipped with a gas mask. The suit is not insulating. When infected, the suit is subject to special treatment and can be used many times in the future. It is made of rubberized fabric UNKL-3 or fabric T-15 and consists of one-piece trousers with stockings, a jacket with a hood and three-fingered mittens. On the sleeves of the jacket there are cuffs that fit the wrist.

The protective suit of the lifeguard for work during the analysis of blockages can be equipped with a protective vest from electromagnetic radiation (Fig. 4), which consists of a fabric lining 12, in which elastic frame racks 13 are fixed by means of latches 15 on the waist belt. The protective shell 14 is mounted on an elastic frame racks 13.

The protective shell (Fig. 5) 14 can be fixed on the frame racks 13 over the entire area of the torso of a human operator, including the shoulder joints and hands (not shown). The protective shell 14 is made of three layers, and the first layer facing the operator’s environment is made in the form of interconnected rings, the material of which is stainless steel, which is treated with a composite material with enhanced protective properties against electromagnetic radiation. The third layer 16, facing the operator’s body, is made of perforated polymeric material, for example, aramid fiber, and the second layer 17 located between them is made of elastic mesh elements. The density of the mesh structure of the elastic mesh elements is in the optimal range of 1.2 g / cm ³ ... 2.0 g / cm ³ , the material of the wire of the elastic mesh elements is steel grade EI-708, and its diameter is in the optimal range of values 0.09 mm ... 0.15 mm.

The second layer 17, located between the protective shell 14 and the layer 16 facing the operator’s body, is made elastic from a ferromagnetic fabric containing a base, a binder polymer substance and a powder of ferromagnetic material, while the fabric base is made by weaving by plain weaving, while the main and weft threads are made of alternating lavsan and soft magnetic monofilaments, the number of threads per meter is 5000 ÷ 7000, soft magnetic monofilaments are made of superalloy or molybdenum permalloy with a size operechnika 0.05 ÷ 0.1 mm, and the Mylar yarns have a linear density of 10 ÷ 20 tex as the high-coercivity ferromagnetic powder is an alloy powder, the content of components in the mass ratio is in fabric weight. %: lavsan filament 10 ÷ 15; monofilament of soft magnetic material 20 ÷ 25; polymer binder - acrylic copolymers 10 ÷ 15; highly coercive alloy powder 50 ÷ 55.

By magnetizing the fabric of the second layer 17 in different directions, using magnetically soft monofilaments of superalloy or molybdenum permalloy, applying an external magnetic field of different sizes, varying its direction, you can control the characteristics of the magnetic field generated by the fabric as a whole and in microvolumes limited by magnetically soft monofilaments. Changing the magnetic field in the above zones allows you to control the properties of magnetic systems that use ferromagnetic tissue, as well as the process of shielding radioactive radiation when changing the wavelength and power of this radiation.

Composite material for protection against electromagnetic radiation (Fig. 6) consists of a polymer base with particles 18 and 20, in which particles of 19 compounds are distributed - (Fe, Si) or - Co with a nanocrystalline structure with a bulk density (0.6 ÷ 1.4 ) · 10 ^-5 1 / ^Nm3. The polymer base for fixing the position of powder particles with a nanocrystalline structure is made in the form of alternating structural elements with particles 18 and 20 located at an angle of 90 ° to each other, and each of the elements with particles is made in the form of elongated particles arranged in parallel rows, moreover, the particles located to the left and to the right of it are shifted by an amount not exceeding half the maximum particle size. The use of a material with a nanocrystalline structure as a filler provides an increase in magnetic permeability.

It was experimentally established that when the bulk density of nanocrystals in the amorphous matrix is less than 0.6 · 10 ^-5 1 / nm ^{3, the} effect of increasing the magnetic permeability is not observed. When the bulk density of nanocrystals in the amorphous matrix is greater than 1.4 · 10 ^-5 1 / nm ³ , the magnetic permeability decreases. Therefore, the following range of bulk density of nanocrystals in the amorphous matrix is optimal: more than 0.6 · 10 ^-5 1 / nm ³ , but less than 1.4 · 10 ^-5 1 / nm ³ .

The intermediate layer located between the outer shell and the layer facing the body of the operator can be made of a material that absorbs radioactive radiation, a material is used that contains lead oxides (lead oxide II, IY) and a binder - polyvinyl butyral, ethyl acetate, di - (alkylpolyethylene glycol) phosphoric acid ester of the formula

,

,

where n = 6, R is an alkyl group containing 8-10 carbon atoms, and ethyl cellulose in the following ratio of components, wt. %: lead oxide II, IY 30.6-56.8; polyvinyl butyral 3.8-10.2; ethyl acetate 14.3-26.5; phosphoric acid di- (alkylpolyethylene glycol ether) 0.2-0.4; ethyl cellulose - the rest, while the new binder composition in the claimed invention provides full compatibility with lead oxides and allows to obtain materials with a high lead equivalent and a degree of flexibility that has good adhesion to metals, concrete, brick, in addition, the material is a highly concentrated suspension, quickly hardening in air, and the viscosity of the material is 20 ÷ 70 Pa · s, which allows casting films of different thickness from it with a die or an extruder, apply to the surface to Pour, pour, pour into various cavities, crevices and channels.

Protective suit of a lifeguard for work when analyzing blockages works as follows.

The implementation of the frame racks 13 elastic allows you to dampen the impact (make it elastic), and the protective shell 14 will prevent injury to the skin of the human operator.

Composite material works as follows.

An electromagnetic wave that penetrates deep into the material is more actively absorbed in it due to the higher absorption capacity of the nanocrystalline structure, which has a greater magnetic permeability compared to amorphous. When the electromagnetic wave reaches the opposite surface, its greater absorption occurs, which leads to an increase in the screening coefficient.

The technical and economic efficiency of the invention is expressed in reducing the thickness and weight and size characteristics of the composite material, which will improve the reliability of electronic and electrical equipment, provide effective protection of biological objects by increasing the magnetic permeability of the composite material and, as a result, the shielding coefficient of electromagnetic fields of the radio frequency range .

When the bulk density of nanocrystals is (Fe, Si) or - Co (0.6 ÷ 1.4) · 10 ^-5 1 / nm ^{3, the} magnetic permeability of the composites in comparison with the amorphous state increases by 2-3 times and ranges from 90 to 135 units The lifeguard suit can be used when performing degassing, decontamination and disinfection works to protect skin, clothing and shoes from long-term effects of toxic and toxic substances, toxic dust, to protect against solutions of acids, water, alkalis, sea salt, varnishes, paints, oils, fats and petroleum products, protection against harmful biological factors, is used in areas contaminated with toxic and chemically hazardous substances, in the chemical and military industries, as well as from electromagnetic effects.

The gloves for protecting hands from vibration (Fig. 7 - Fig. 9) are made with the fastening of the elastic-damping element by means of a patch pocket and consist of the surface of the gauntlet 21, which is a cavity 26 open on one side, limited by the back of the gauntlet made of a continuous protective material, for example, technical fabric, and the palm of the hand with a fingertip 25 for the thumb. The back of the gauntlet is connected to the palm of the hand by two side surfaces parallel to the axis of the gauntlet, and one end surface perpendicular to the axis of the gauntlet. The mittens are made with a patch pocket 24, into which a patch 23 with elastically damping elements 22 of a tubular type is inserted, which are arranged in vertical rows parallel to each other and perpendicular to the axis of the mitt.

Elastic-damping elements 22 are made of at least two polymer cellular tubes 27, which are soldered together in places of contact with the possibility of their relative movement within an angle lying in the range of 20 ÷ 45 °. The cavities of each of the cellular tubes 27 are filled with a damping element 29 made of foam rubber, or foam, or sponge rubber.

The cellular polymer tubes 27 are obtained by extrusion, cut to a predetermined length and laid in a conductor, observing the necessary laying direction, i.e. placing the tubes 27 parallel to each other. After that, heating elements are brought to their ends and welded together in places of contact 8.

Vibration protective gloves work as follows.

When working with a hand-held vibroactive mechanized tool, elastic-damping elements 22, which are made of at least two polymer cellular tubes 27 filled with, for example, foam rubber, dampen the local vibration transmitted to the operator’s hands.

Using the proposed device will significantly improve the safety of technological operations and processes associated with vibro-acoustic impact on the operator.

The cavities of each of the cellular tubes 27 can be filled with a damping element 29 made of cut pieces of polyurethane foam (not shown in the drawing). This contributes to the additional suppression of vibration due to mechanical friction between the surfaces of the cut pieces of polyurethane foam in the cellular tubes 27 of the elastic damping elements 22 when exposed to vibration load. Since the packaging of sliced pieces of polyurethane foam in the cellular tubes 27 is arbitrary, the rubbing surfaces of the sliced pieces of polyurethane foam rubbing against each other have different areas, which provides effective damping of vibration in a wide range of operating frequencies (30-1000 Hz), while it was found that a great value for vibration levels acting on the operator’s hands are affected by the aspect ratio of the cut pieces of polyurethane foam on the thickness of the filled tube-pocket of the liner.

When the face size of the cut pieces of polyurethane foam is less than 0.2 of the thickness of the filled mesh tubes 27, the vibration damping efficiency is reduced by reducing the amount of vibration energy dissipation, and when the size of the face of the cut pieces of polyurethane foam is greater than 1.0 from the thickness of the mesh tubes 27, the damping efficiency is also reduced. since when the dimensions of the cut pieces of polyurethane foam exceed the thickness of the mesh tubes 27, they are in a pre-compressed state and therefore the total work of deformation and decreases from the effects of exposure. Thus, it is optimal to fill with polyurethane foam, cut into pieces with dimensions along the sides of 0.2-1.0 of the thickness of the mesh tubes 27.

This mitten provides an increased effect of protecting the worker’s hands from vibration in the entire frequency range, which allows to increase the duration of the worker’s contact with the local vibration source and improve his working conditions, and also reduces the risk of vibro-illness in workers working, for example, with hand-held mechanized tools. The connection of the additional cavity with the source of compressed air is carried out through pipelines located along the contour lines, for example, of a work jacket, and the source itself can be located on its side belt. The mitten can be made in one piece with the sleeve of the jacket.

Claims (1)

A protective lifeguard suit for work when dealing with blockages, consisting of trousers with protective stockings, shirts with a hood, two-fingered gloves and a comforter, and the trousers are sewn together with stockings ending in rubber socks with bots, to which ribbons are sewn for attaching to the legs, while the upper part of the trousers has shoulder straps and half rings, and the shirt is combined with a hood, and an intermediate strap is sewn to the lower edge of the hem, which is passed between the legs and fastens on the button at the bottom of the shirt in front, and the sleeves end with loops that are put on the thumb after putting on the gloves, while on the shirt’s sleeves there are cuffs that fit the wrist, and the hood is fixed on the neck with tape and a plastic peg, and the bottom of the shirt is pulled with elastic tape and equipped with an inguinal belt, and the trousers are held with two straps and buckles are made of half rings and are fixed at the bottom with straps, is additionally equipped with a protective vest from electromagnetic radiation, consisting of a fabric lining connected to the protective sheath, and closed in a fabric lining elastic frame racks by means of fixators on the waist belt, and the protective shell is mounted on the elastic frame racks, the protective shell is made of three layers, the first layer facing the operator’s environment is made in the form of interconnected rings, and the third layer facing the operator’s body is made of perforated polymeric material, for example, an aramid fiber, and the second layer located between them is made elastic of elastic mesh elements; stainless steel, which is treated with a composite material with increased protective properties against electromagnetic radiation, a composite material for protection against electromagnetic radiation consists of a polymer base in which particles of compounds - (Fe, Si) or - Co with a nanocrystalline structure with bulk density (0.6 ÷ 1.4) · 10 ^-5 1 / nm ³ , while the polymer base for fixing the position of powder particles with a nanocrystalline structure is made in the form of alternating structural elements located at an angle ohm 90 ° to each other, and each of the elements is made in the form of elongated particles arranged in parallel rows, and the particles located to the left and to the right of it are shifted by an amount not exceeding half the maximum particle size, characterized in that the second layer, located between them, made of elastic ferromagnetic fabric containing a base, a binder polymer substance and a powder of ferromagnetic material, while the fabric base is made by weaving by plain weaving, while the main and weft These are made of alternating lavsan and soft magnetic monofilaments, the number of threads per meter is 5000 ÷ 7000, soft magnetic monofilaments are made of supermalloy or molybdenum permalloy with a cross-sectional size of 0.05 ÷ 0.1 mm, and mylar threads have a linear density of 10 ÷ 20 tex, as a ferromagnetic powder, a highly coercive alloy powder is used, and the content of components in the tissue by weight is in the ratio, wt. %: lavsan filament 10 ÷ 15; monofilament of soft magnetic material 20 ÷ 25; polymer binder - acrylic copolymers 10 ÷ 15; high-coercive alloy powder 50 ÷ 55, and the intermediate layer located between the outer shell and the layer facing the operator’s body is made of a material that absorbs radioactive radiation, a material is used that contains lead oxides (lead oxide II, IY) and a binder - polyvinyl butyral, ethyl acetate, di- (alkylpolyethylene glycol) phosphoric acid ester of the formula

where n = 6, R is an alkyl group containing 8-10 carbon atoms, and ethyl cellulose in the following ratio of components, wt. %: lead oxide II, IY 30.6-56.8; polyvinyl butyral 3.8-10.2; ethyl acetate 14.3-26.5; phosphoric acid di- (alkylpolyethylene glycol ether) 0.2-0.4; ethyl cellulose - the rest, while the new binder composition in the claimed invention provides full compatibility with lead oxides and allows to obtain materials with a high lead equivalent and a degree of flexibility that has good adhesion to metals, concrete, brick, in addition, the material is a highly concentrated suspension, rapidly hardening in air, and the viscosity of the material is 20–70 Pa Pour, pour, pour into various cavities, crevices and channels.

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