RU2547535C2 - Pneumatic flotation machine - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: process engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to dressing of minerals, particularly, to pneumatic flotation devices for processing of minerals containing nonferrous, ferrous, rare and noble metals as well as non-metallic minerals. This machine comprises the housing consisting of extended top and bottom parts composed of cylinders and interconnected by mid truncated cone-shaped section, central pipe arranged inside the housing extended part, feed, aerating and unloading appliances. Housing extended part top section and that of central pipe are composed of truncated cones diverged from bottom to top and fitted one in the other. Angle in inclination of cone every wall makes 10 to 30 degrees. Said inclined walls are arranged parallel with each other.

EFFECT: higher yield of useful component into foam product, higher efficiency of the machine.

3 cl, 1 dwg, 3 tbl

Description

The invention relates to the field of mineral processing, in particular to pneumatic flotation devices for processing mineral raw materials containing non-ferrous, ferrous, rare, precious metals, as well as non-metallic minerals.

Known flotation pneumatic machine, including with located in it aerator foam threshold, loading device in the form of a pipe with holes. The machine is equipped with a circulation pipe connected to the pipe with holes, the free end of which is located at a distance from the foam threshold and is made with an oblique cut (see RF patent No. 2038865, B03D 1/24).

The disadvantage of this machine is that the increase in the extraction of the useful component in the concentrate is due to the multiple circulation of the feedstock, but thereby reduces the performance of the machine for feedstock.

The closest in technical essence is a flotation pneumatic column machine, including a casing, consisting of an expanded upper and lower parts, a central cylindrical tube located in the expanded part of the casing and dividing the upper expanded part of the casing into the main flotation and doflotation chambers, a foam collector made in the form of a gable annular trough and located on the outside of the expanded part of the housing, a feeding device made in the form of aerators of the upper level of aeration, aerator s lower level in the lower part of the body, unloading device, annular bump, in cross section is a triangle, the apex of which is directed to the axis of the machine. The upper expanded part of the body of the known machine consists of two sections interconnected: the upper one in the form of a cylinder and the lower one in the form of a truncated cone, expanding from bottom to top (see RF patent No. 2281169, B03D 1/24).

A disadvantage of the known machine is that the cylindrical shape of the upper expanded part of the body causes countercurrent movement of mineral particles deposited from the foam layer and gas bubbles rising from top to bottom (Fig. 1 of the Appendix), which does not provide an optimal angle of collision of mineral particles and gas bubbles, reduces the likelihood of the formation of aeroflocles and reduces the extraction of particles of a useful component in the foam product.

The technical problem to which the invention is directed is to increase the extraction of the useful component in the foam product by eliminating the countercurrent mode of movement of mineral particles and gas bubbles in the upper expanded part of the body.

This result is achieved by the fact that in a flotation pneumatic machine including a housing consisting of an expanded upper part and a lower part, a central pipe located inside the expanded part of the housing, a foam collector, feeding devices in the form of aerators of the upper level of aeration and lower level aerators in the lower part of the body , the upper part of the expanded part of the body and the upper part of the central pipe are made in the form of truncated cones expanding from the bottom up with an angle of inclination of the walls from the vertical from 10 to 30 degrees, moreover, the inclined surfaces of the walls of the truncated cones are parallel to each other (Fig. 2 of the Appendix).

Experimental studies found that in a pneumatic flotation machine, the optimal angle of inclination of the walls of the expanding cones from the vertical is from 10 to 30 degrees (see table 1).

Table 1 Dependence of flotation indices of copper-containing raw materials on the angle of inclination of the walls of expanding cones The angle of inclination of the walls of the expanding cones, deg. Extraction of a valuable component in the foam product,% 0 75.1 (famous flotation machine - prototype) 5 75.1 10 77,2 twenty 80,4 thirty 83,4 35 83,4

As can be seen from table 1, when the angle of inclination of the walls is less than 10 degrees, there is no increase in the extraction of a valuable component in the foam product compared to the known flotation machine. An increase in the angle of inclination of the walls of the expanding cones above 30 degrees leads to an unjustified increase in the diameter and material consumption of the flotation machine without further increasing the extraction of a valuable component in the foam product.

It was experimentally established that in order to ensure optimal conditions for the preservation of the formed aeroflocs and to achieve maximum extraction of a valuable component into the foam product, the inclined surfaces of the walls of the truncated cones of the central tube and the upper part of the body should be parallel to each other (table 2).

table 2 Dependence of flotation indices of copper-containing raw materials on compliance with the parallelism condition of inclined surfaces of the walls of truncated cones The angle of inclination of the walls of the expanding cones, degrees The condition of parallelism of the walls of the expanding cones Extraction of a valuable component in the foam product,% Center pipe cone Top cone thirty twenty no 78.8 thirty thirty there is 83.1 twenty thirty no 77,2

To comply with the conditions of parallelism, the inclined surface of the walls of the truncated cones of the central pipe and the upper part of the body, the height of the truncated cone of the expanded part of the body is determined from the dependence:

h ₁ = k · H ₁ ,

where h ₁ - the height of the truncated cone of the extended part of the body, mm;

k is an empirical coefficient for determining the height of a truncated cone, selected from 0.5 to 0.9;

H ₁ - the total height of the upper expanded part of the body, mm,

and the height of the truncated cone of the Central pipe is determined from the dependence:

h ₂ = k · H ₂ ,

where h ₂ - the height of the truncated cone of the Central pipe, mm;

k is an empirical coefficient for determining the height of a truncated cone, selected from 0.1 to 0.5;

H ₂ - the total height of the Central pipe, mm

The invention is illustrated in the drawing, which shows a General view of the flotation column of a pneumatic machine.

The flotation machine includes a housing 1, consisting of an expanded upper part 2 and a lower part 3, a central pipe 4 located inside the expanded part 2 of the housing 1, a foam collector 5, feeding devices in the form of aerators of the upper level 6 and aerators of the lower level 7 in the lower part of the housing 1 .

Flotation machine operates as follows. The pulp pretreated with reagents passes through the upper level aerators 6 to the upper expanded part 2 of the housing 1. At the same time, air enters the upper level aerators 6, which comes into contact with the hydrophobic grains of the pulp, forming aeroflocles. Aeroflocules, emerging, form a foam product. Mineral grains that have fallen from the foam layer due to the optimized shape of the upper part of the body and the central pipe and the exclusion of the counterflow regime meet with pop-up gas bubbles at an angle, re-fix on the gas bubbles and return to the foam layer. The foam product is unloaded into the foam collector 5 and sent to subsequent operations (not shown in the drawing). Grains with insufficiently hydrophobized surface, as well as hydrophilic grains, are discharged into the lower part 3 of housing 1, where aerators of the lower level 7 are located. In the lower part 3 of housing 1, aeroflocules are created that float into the upper expanded part 2 of housing 1 and are unloaded into the foam collector 5. Hydrophilic the grains are lowered into the bottom of the housing 1 and are removed through the bottom discharge device.

The inventive flotation machine was tested at the processing plant in the operation of the main ore flotation. The test results are shown in table 3.

Table 3 Test results No. Name of indicator Flotation machines p.p. claimed prototype one the extraction of copper in the foam product,% 83,4 75.1 2 the copper content in the foam product,% 9.46 9.40

The results of table 3 indicate that the claimed design of the flotation pneumatic machine due to the exclusion of the countercurrent mode of movement of mineral particles and gas bubbles in the upper expanded part of the housing allows to increase the extraction of a valuable component in the foam product without reducing its quality.

Claims (3)

1. A flotation pneumatic machine, comprising a housing consisting of an expanded upper and lower parts made in the form of cylinders and interconnected by an intermediate section in the form of a truncated cone, a central pipe located inside the expanded part of the housing, feeding, aerating and unloading devices, characterized in that the upper part of the expanded part of the casing and the upper part of the central pipe are made in the form of truncated cones expanding from the bottom up, one in the other, and the angle of inclination of each wall is truncated cone from the vertical is from 10 to 30 degrees. 2. The flotation machine according to claim 1, characterized in that each inclined surface of the walls of the truncated cones are parallel relative to each other. 3. The flotation machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the height of the truncated cone of the expanded part of the body is determined from the dependence:
h ₁ = k · H ₁ ,
where h ₁ - the height of the truncated cone of the extended part of the body, mm;
k is an empirical coefficient for determining the height of a truncated cone, selected from 0.5 to 0.9;
H ₁ - the total height of the upper expanded part of the body, mm,
and the height of the truncated cone of the Central pipe is determined from the dependence:
h ₂ = k · H ₂ ,
where h ₂ - the height of the truncated cone of the Central pipe, mm;
k is an empirical coefficient for determining the height of a truncated cone, selected from 0.1 to 0.5;
H ₂ - the total height of the Central pipe, mm

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