RU2437272C1 - Method to pack grain into plastic bags and grain packing machine - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agricultural equipment and may find application for packing various loose materials into plastic bags for storage, also on open areas. In the method to pack grain into plastic bags there is a sequence of actions that result into transformation of rotation energy from a rear power takeoff shaft of a tractor into grain feed by a loading auger from a receiving hopper to a hopper of grain filling into a bag and into simultaneous displacement of a grain packing machine (GPM), a dump truck and a tractor, with placement of a filled bag in the soil. The proposed GPM comprises a power frame with a body and a lower tray fixed on it, a detachable movable receiving hopper with a power pressing side and units of fixation to the GPM body, mechanisms to convert energy of rotation of the tractor's power takeoff to provide for operation of the filling auger and loading auger. At the same time at each wheel of the GPM separate breaking is provided by monitoring forces in a hydraulic braking system to ensure even filling of a bag with the specified density and rectilinear movement of GPM.

EFFECT: method and grain packing machine make it possible to ensure efficient loading of a bag with even density directly from a dump truck, to reduce losses of grain and number of service personnel.

6 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery and can be used for packaging cereals, legumes, granular fertilizers, animal feed and other bulk materials in plastic bags for storage, including in open areas.

A known method and device for packing grain based on a grain packing machine (see grain packing machine EGS-900 of the company "AGROTEC"), containing a frame with a body and a lower tray attached to it, a screw mechanism for packing grain into a bag, a removable funnel for receiving grain, brackets for transferring the machine to transport mode, using a separately purchased conveyor with a receiving hopper for feeding grain into the hopper of the packing machine.

The disadvantages of the known method and packaging device are the uneven filling of the plastic bag due to the use of the mechanical brake of the grain packing machine (ZUM) without a separate braking system for the wheels, the inability to receive grain from vehicles with dump dumping without the use of a special conveyor. As the bag is loaded and placed at the site, the ZUM moves, and the conveyor with the receiving hopper also needs to be moved synchronously to avoid spilling grain past the funnel.

The closest analogue of the proposed technical solution is a complex consisting of a universal grain packer for loading agricultural products into plastic containers and a trailed auger conveyor for agricultural products - see RF patent No. 2339212, application No. 2006126623/12 of July 24, 2006.

The disadvantages of this technical solution for packaging grain are:

- the complex design of the conveyor with a twin-screw system for feeding grain from the hopper into the funnel;

- the need for manual (using an additional mechanism) synchronization of the conveyor and grain packing machine;

- lack of a device to ensure uniform loading of grain in the bag;

- lack of a mechanical device for transferring a ZUM from a transport mode to a working one.

The technical result achieved by the implementation of the claimed invention is the creation of a method of packaging grain in plastic bags and devices based on it, which provides, in comparison with analogues, the maximum mechanization of the process of stuffing the bag.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in the proposed method of packing grain in plastic bags, a sequence of actions is performed leading to the conversion of the rotation energy of the rear power take-off shaft of the tractor, connected to the grain feeding mechanism of the grain packing machine, into the processes of supplying grain dumped from the dump truck to the receiving hopper reloading auger, in the receiving chamber of the stuffing auger, and packing the grain in a bag. A bag folded and fixed on the case of the grain packing machine while packing the grain is located on the ground, and due to the occurrence of an unbalanced force from the pressure of the grain on the end part of the case, the ZUM moves simultaneously with the receiving hopper, dump truck and tractor.

The method of packing grain in plastic bags involves filling and placing bags on the ground by converting the rotational energy of the rear power take-off shaft of a tractor connected to the grain feed mechanism of the grain packing machine, according to the invention, the receiving hopper with a reloading screw is fixed to the frame of the grain packing machine at an angle of 90 ° to to a stuffing auger, press the rear side of the dump truck with grain to the receiving hopper, turn on the rear tractor power take-off shaft and pour grain from the dump truck body in bunker with at the same time provide the movement of grain in the stuffing screw, the end of which is disposed within the bag, packing and unfolding of the bag and the effect of force on the packing machine body wall zernoupakovochnoy simultaneous translation of the zernoupakovochnoy machine receiving hopper, truck and tractor.

A grain packing machine comprising a frame with a body fixed to it, a lower pallet, a pair of wheels, brackets for transferring to transport mode and a grain feeding mechanism, characterized in that the receiving hopper is rigidly attached by a power spacer beam to the frame of the grain packing machine and is equipped with an adjustable grain feeding limiter, reloading auger connected to the receiving chamber of the stuffing auger and the motor shaft of the hydraulic system, and the wheel braking system is made hydraulic with separate adjustable devices liyami inhibition.

On the housing of the receiving hopper of the grain packing machine there is a power stop for clamping the side of the truck.

The hydraulic braking system of the wheels of the grain packing machine is equipped with a hand pump and is made in the form of separate pipelines with shut-off valves installed in them with control gauges.

A lifting screw mechanism is installed on the frame of the receiving hopper of the grain packing machine to transfer the chassis to transport mode.

The connections of the distributor of the hydraulic system and the hydraulic motor of rotation of the reloading auger of the receiving hopper of the grain packing machine are made through quick-disconnect valves.

The drawings show the proposed ZUM in combination with a tractor and a dump truck:

figure 1 - General view of the complex in the working position in the plan;

figure 2, figure 3 - views of the receiving hopper and the housing ZUM;

figure 4 is a view of the housing ZUM from the hydraulic system;

5 is a view of the receiving hopper and the ZUM case when feeding grain from a dump truck.

The device of a grain packing machine containing a power frame with a body fixed to it and a lower pallet (not marked), brackets (not marked) for transfer to transport mode, a pair of wheels (not marked), unlike the known ones, contains:

- a receiving hopper 8 (Fig. 1) with a power clamping board 11 (Fig. 5) and an adjustable grain feed restrictor 14 (Fig. 1), equipped with a reloading screw 9 (Fig. 1), rigidly fixed with a power spacer beam 10 (Fig. 1). 1) with the power frame 1 (figure 1) of the grain packing machine, which allows for synchronous movement of the ZUM, tractor 3 (figure 1) and dump truck 16 (figure 1) when stuffing the bag;

- helical gear 18 (figure 3), located on the frame of the receiving hopper, designed for the rapid transfer of the chassis of the receiving hopper from the transport mode to working and vice versa;

- quick-disconnect valves 25 (figure 4) connecting the distributor of the hydraulic system 26 (figure 4) with a hydraulic motor for rotating the reloading auger of the receiving hopper (not indicated), designed for the quick transfer of the grain packing machine into transport mode and vice versa;

- a hydraulic brake system 17 (Fig. 4) with separate adjustable braking forces of the ZUM wheels, equipped with a hand pump and made in the form of separate pipelines with shut-off valves and control manometers installed in them, necessary to ensure uniform loading of grain into a plastic bag with a given density and rectilinear movement of the grain packing machine during stuffing.

The work of the grain packing machine is as follows.

ZOOM is transferred by hydraulic actuator 15 (Fig. 4) from transport to operating mode. The lateral receiving hopper is rigidly connected by a power spacer beam to the ZUM power frame at an angle of 90 ° to the stuffing screw. The hydraulic motor of rotation of the reloading auger is connected to the hydraulic distributor, the hopper chassis is put into operation. The edge of the side of the receiving hopper in the operating mode is parallel to the lower edge of the truck body, the length of the hopper corresponds to the width of the side of the truck body, which together excludes spilling of grain.

Using a cable 19 (Fig. 1) and springs 20 (Fig. 1), if necessary, using a crane beam (not shown), a cylindrical plastic bag 21 is installed and fixed on the housing 13 (Fig. 1) (figure 1), the end of which is clamped with a clamp 22 (figure 1).

The tractor through the hitch 2 (Fig.2) is connected to the power frame ZUM. The rear tractor power take-off shaft is connected to the gearbox 5 (FIG. 1, FIG. 3) through the driveshaft 4 (FIG. 1), which drives the stuffing auger 6 (FIG. 1) and the hydraulic transmission 7 (FIG. 1).

A dump truck with grain is fed to the power board of the receiving hopper and abut against it with the rear side 12 (Fig. 5), the gearshift levers of the dump truck and tractor are set to the neutral position. The dump truck’s body is lifted and the grain is poured onto the reloading auger of the receiving hopper, then into the receiving chamber 23 (FIG. 2) of the stuffing auger and through the pipe 24 (FIG. 2) of the stuffing auger, the end of which is located inside the bag, loaded into the bag.

With this method of loading due to the occurrence of an unbalanced force from the pressure of the grain on the ZUM case, there is a simultaneous translational movement of the grain packing machine with a receiving hopper, dump truck and tractor. The process of moving is continuous, without the participation of the driver of the dump truck and the tractor driver.

The proposed technical solution in comparison with the known methods of grain packaging and devices for their implementation allows for uniform density and operational loading of the bag directly from the truck, to reduce grain losses and the number of staff. At the same time, the use of a technical solution allows you to refuse to purchase specialized grain handlers in the ZUM, thereby improving the efficiency-cost indicator for machines of this class.

Claims (6)

1. A method of packing grain in plastic bags, including filling and placing bags on the ground by converting the energy of rotation of the rear power take-off shaft of a tractor connected to the grain feed mechanism of a grain packing machine, characterized in that the receiving hopper with a reloading screw is fixed motionless with the frame of the grain packing machine under angle of 90 ° to the stuffing auger, press the rear side of the dump truck with grain to the receiving hopper, turn on the rear tractor power take-off shaft and pour grain from the dump truck body into In this case, the receiving hopper provides grain transfer to the stuffing auger, the end of which is placed inside the bag, packing and unfolding of the bag, and simultaneous translational movement of the grain packing machine with a receiving hopper, dump truck and tractor due to the force of packing on the wall of the casing of the packing machine. 2. Grain packing machine, comprising a frame with a housing fixed to it, a lower pallet, a pair of wheels, brackets for transferring to transport mode and a grain feeding mechanism, characterized in that the receiving hopper is rigidly attached by a power spacer beam to the frame of the grain packing machine and is equipped with an adjustable feed limiter grain reloading auger connected to the receiving chamber of the stuffing auger and the motor shaft of the hydraulic system, and the wheel braking system is made hydraulic with separate adjustable forces of inhibition. 3. Grain packing machine according to claim 2, characterized in that on the housing of the receiving hopper there is a power stop for clamping the side of the truck. 4. Grain packing machine according to claim 2, characterized in that the hydraulic wheel braking system is equipped with a hand pump and is made in the form of separate pipelines with shut-off valves installed in them with control manometers. 5. Grain packing machine according to claim 2, characterized in that a lifting screw mechanism is installed on the frame of the receiving hopper to translate the chassis into transport mode. 6. Grain packing machine according to claim 2, characterized in that the connections of the distributor of the hydraulic system and the hydraulic motor of rotation of the reloading auger of the receiving hopper are made through quick-release valves.

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