RU2431625C1 - Method for manufacturing of tiling ceramics - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction. ^ SUBSTANCE: granulometric preparation of molybdenum ores refuse is carried out by means of grinding with subsequent classification by size with extraction of fractions of 0.063-0.042 mm and less than 0.042 mm and their mixing at the ratio of 2:3. Then the specified refuse is mixed with fusible clay and nepheline slag at the ratio of 1:(1.5-2.5):(2.5-1.5). Half-finished material is baked at the temperature of 1000-1050C. ^ EFFECT: increased compression and bending strength and reduced temperature of items baking. ^ 2 tbl

Description

The invention relates to the production of building materials and is intended for the manufacture of facing ceramic tiles using molybdenum ore dressing wastes.

A known method of manufacturing a facing ceramic tile, including grinding the tailings of the beneficiation of copper-nickel ores until it passes through a sieve No. 0056, preparing a raw material mixture of powdered tailings of enrichment and fusible Shangui clay, taken in a ratio of 1: 1, molding by pressing, drying the intermediate at 100- 110 ° C for 2-3 hours and its firing at a temperature of 1150-1200 ° C. The obtained products have insufficient mechanical compressive strength (143-164 MPa) (Yu. N. Glodin. Waste (tailings) of flotation of copper-nickel ores as a raw material for the production of acid-resistant and wear-resistant ceramic products: Proceedings of the Research Institute for Construction of Ceramics. - M., 1966, issue .26, p. 37-59).

Closest to the claimed is a method of manufacturing a facing ceramic tile (RF Patent No. 2093491, IPC С04В 33/00 of 07.25.2006, publ. 20.10.1997).

The essence of the method lies in the fact that the tailings of the enrichment of copper-Nickel ores are pre-classified by size with the allocation of a class finer than 0.05 mm, mix it with fusible clay in a ratio of 1: (0.67-0.80) and burn the resulting product at a temperature 1100-1170 ° C.

At the same time, the compressive strength of the facing tile was reached within 218-220 MPa, and the bending strength was 24-29 MPa.

However, the method of manufacturing a facing ceramic tile has insufficient strength in compression and bending of the tile, as well as a high firing temperature (1100-1170 ° C).

The objective of the proposed method for the manufacture of facing ceramic tiles is to significantly increase its physico-mechanical properties (compressive and bending strength) and lower the firing temperature of the products.

This is a new technical result, which is in a causal relationship with the essential features of the invention.

An essential feature of the invention is that molybdenum ore dressing wastes are used as ore dressing tailings; their granulometric preparation is carried out by grinding and subsequent classification by size with the allocation of fractions of 0.063-0.042 mm and less than 0.042 mm and mixing them in a ratio of 2: 3; subsequent mixing of the molybdenum ore dressing waste with low-melting clay and additionally added nepheline sludge to the composition of the mass, respectively, in the ratio 1: (1.5-2.5) :( 2.5-1.5), and the intermediate product is fired at a temperature of 1000- 1050 ° C.

Molybdenum ore dressing waste is sand containing quartz and feldspar minerals: orthoclase, albite and anorthite. Feldspar minerals provide a smooth forming effect, starting from 900 ° C. Due to the formation of a mullite-like phase during the firing process and anorthite crystallization enhancement, molybdenum ore dressing wastes (quartz-feldspar sand) provide an increase in the physicomechanical properties of the ceramic cladding material.

The main chemical components of nepheline sludge are CaO and SiO ₂ , amounting to 85-88 wt.% In total.

Moreover, the claimed ratio of the components of the charge, namely the waste from the concentration of molybdenum ores: low-melting clay: nepheline sludge, respectively 1: (1.5-2.5) :( 2.5-1.5), provides a high yield of wollastonite as a synthesis product in the CaO-SiO _{2 system} . The synthesis of wollastonite is most preferred for the creation of low-shrink and high-strength structures.

A method of manufacturing a facing ceramic is implemented as follows. The tailings of molybdenum ore dressing are milled in fine-grinding ball mills, followed by separation into 2 fractions of 0.063-0.042 mm and less than 0.042 mm, mixing of fractions in a drum mixer in a 2: 3 ratio. Then, fusible clay and nepheline sludge are preliminarily crushed before complete passage through a 0063 sieve. The crushed low-melting clay and nepheline sludge are fed to the tailings of molybdenum ore dressing in the drum mixer in the drum mixer in the claimed proportions, respectively, 1: (1.5-2.5 ) :( 2.5-1.5), where the homogenization of the raw mix is carried out.

The mixture is pressed at a specific pressing pressure of 30 MPa, subjected to high-speed firing at a maximum temperature of 1000-1050 ° C. Physico-technical properties of facing ceramic tiles at various fractions of fractions of 0.063-0.042 mm and less than 0.042 mm in the tailings of molybdenum ore dressing, wt. fractions with a constant ratio of the raw materials of the ceramic mass are presented in table 1.

Table 1 The ratio of fractions of 0.063-0.042 mm and less than 0.042 mm in the tailings of the concentration of molybdenum ores, wt. shares The ratio of the components of the raw mix, wt. shares Firing temperature, ° С Bending Strength, MPa Compressive strength, MPa 1: 3 1: 2: 2 950 eighteen 190 2: 3 1: 2: 2 950 25 240 3: 3 1: 2: 2 950 twenty 210 1: 3 1: 2: 2 1000 25 240 2: 3 1: 2: 2 1000 34 290 3: 3 1: 2: 2 1000 26 240 1: 3 1: 2: 2 1050 26 230 2: 3 1: 2: 2 1050 36 300 3: 3 1: 2: 2 1050 27 250 1: 3 1: 2: 2 1100 17 200 2: 3 1: 2: 2 1100 21 240 3: 3 1: 2: 2 1100 eighteen 215

An analysis of the data in Table 1 indicates that the maximum values of compressive and bending strength correspond to the claimed ratio of fractions of 0.063-0.042 mm and less than 0.042 mm in the tailings of molybdenum ore dressing within 2: 3, and the firing temperature, which provides the highest values of compressive strength and bending corresponds to the interval 1000-1050 ° C.

With this optimal ratio of fractions of the tailings of the concentration of molybdenum ores of 0.063-0.042 mm and less than 0.042 mm within 2: 3 and at a firing temperature of 1050 ° C, Table 2 shows the values of compressive and bending strength for various combinations of ceramic material components.

table 2 The ratio of fractions of 0.063-0.042 mm and less than 0.042 mm in the tailings of the concentration of molybdenum ores, wt. shares The ratio of the components of the raw mix, wt. shares Firing temperature, ° С Bending Strength, MPa Compressive strength, MPa 2: 3 1: 1: 3 1050 27 260 2: 3 1: 2.5: 1.5 1050 34 329 2: 3 1: 1.5: 2.5 1050 31 295 2: 3 1: 2: 2 1050 36 355 2: 3 1: 3: 1 1050 28 284

An analysis of the data in Table 2 indicates that when the claimed ratio of the components of the raw mix is 1: 2: 2 (molybdenum ore dressing waste: low-melting clay: nepheline sludge), the highest physical and mechanical properties of the facing materials are provided.

Claims (1)

A method of manufacturing a facing ceramic, including granulometric preparation of ore dressing tailings, mixing the prepared tailings with low-melting clay, molding the mixture by pressing, drying the intermediate and its roasting, characterized in that molybdenum ore dressing wastes are used as ore dressing tailings, and their granulometric preparation is carried out by grinding and subsequent classification by size with the allocation of fractions of 0.063-0.042 mm and less than 0.042 mm and mixing them in a ratio of 2: 3; subsequent mixing of the molybdenum ore dressing waste with low-melting clay and additionally added nepheline sludge to the composition of the mass in a ratio of 1: (1.5-2.5) :( 2.5-1.5), respectively, and the semi-product is fired at a temperature of 1000- 1050 ° C.