RU2427785C1 - High-capacity fragmentation projectile of directed action - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: military hardware. ^ SUBSTANCE: high-capacity fragmentation projectile includes casing, initiation system, external hollow cylindrical explosive charge with high detonation velocity and internal explosive charge with lower detonation velocity. Ratio of detonation velocities of external and internal charges is 1:(0.7Ç0.8). Internal charge is made from thermobaric composition. At the bottom of internal charge there arranged is charge hollow in the form of flattened cone with base angle of 37Ç45 and diameter of upper base of 0.3Ç0.5 of internal charge diameter. ^ EFFECT: higher efficiency of fragmentation and high-explosive projectile. ^ 4 cl, 4 dwg

Description

Technical field

The invention relates to defense technology and can be used in various high-explosive fragmentation munitions (RP BP), designed to hit targets with fragments and high-explosive action.

State of the art

The various designs of the BP BP are known (see, for example, the “Arms of Russia” catalog, volume 7. - M .: AOZT “Military Parade”, 1997). The main elements of these structures are the body, the fuse, as a rule, the central glass with an additional explosive charge of the explosive (BB), which performs the functions of transmission and amplification of the initiating pulse from the fuse to the equipment (main charge) of the PSU.

A close technical solution [1] is known for an RP BP containing a housing, a fuse, a main explosive charge and a central glass with an additional explosive charge, the main charge is made of a visco-plastic metallized explosive with a detonation speed of 60 ... 85% of the detonation velocity of an additional explosive charge, the mass of the additional explosive charge is 3 ... 20% of the mass of the main charge. Ammunition may contain one or more sections with ready-to-use striking elements (GGE), while the sections are made of various geometric shapes and can be located in different parts of the ammunition. The space between the GGE is filled with organic flammable liquid. The device provides an increase in the speed of axial and radial throwing of fragments, a decrease in the yield of fragments of an ineffective mass case.

Common features with the proposed RP BP are the presence of a destructible body, fuse, two charges with different detonation velocities and sections of the GGE. It is not necessary to talk about the advantage of the action of such a BP in any direction, since the expansion of the products of explosion (PV) and GGE occurs, although with increased speeds, but in all directions from the central bursting charge.

Another well-known technical solution [2] proposes an RP BP containing a body, fuse, the main charge of a high-energy explosive with a low detonation velocity and an additional charge of a powerful explosive with a high detonation speed. On the lateral surface of the additional charge along its entire length, cumulative notches (KB) are formed, formed by radial rays with a beam thickness greater than the critical detonation diameter, with the main charge placed in the volume KB, and the number KB N≥4. When the device is triggered in KB, detonation of the main charge is excited in an overcompressed mode with the formation of Mach detonation waves and high-speed jets of detonation products (PD) flying into the air after the destruction of the hull.

Common features with the proposed RP BP are the presence of destructible body, fuse, primary and secondary charges with different detonation speeds.

The implementation of this technical solution leads to several advantages, however, only in the radial direction and with a small thickness of the housing. In an RP PSU with a thick and strong case (for example, a projectile), the destruction of the case when the detonation wave (DV) exits onto the inner surface of the case along the rays can be so prolonged that the pressure in the primary and secondary charges has time to equalize, and then the jet expansion of high-speed PV ( main advantage) becomes problematic. As for the axial direction, then, in order to increase the effectiveness of the PS BP in this direction, special design solutions are needed.

A close technical solution is known [3], adopted as a prototype, for an explosive tubular accelerator consisting of a hollow cylindrical charge of a powerful explosive substance (MVV), in which a composite charge containing a light explosive substance (LWV) with a hydrogen content of at least 5% is placed weight and heavy explosive (TBV) with a density of 3.13 g / cm ³ . At the end there is a detonator capsule with a lens. Thrown metal disc accelerates in a short steel barrel. The ratio of the detonation velocities of the MBE and the composite charge is 1: (0.7 ... 0.8). The diameters of the composite charge, MVV and the accelerator length are equal to (1.5 ... 3.0) d, (5 ... 7) d and (7 ... 9) d, where d is the diameter of the disc being thrown. The entire accelerator can be placed in a metal shell. A discarded disc can be located inside the LVW at a depth at which the destruction of the Makhovsky disc does not begin in the central part of the charge.

Common features with the proposed RP BP are the presence of a destructible body, fuse, hollow cylindrical (external) charge of a powerful explosive with a high detonation velocity and a composite (internal) charge with a lower detonation velocity, the detonation velocity of which is 1: (0.7 ... 0, 8).

Although the proposed technical device is not a design of the BP BP, the structural solutions incorporated in it with further development allow us to develop an effective BP BP of directed action.

Disclosure of invention

The object of the present invention is to increase the efficiency of high-explosive and fragmentation action in the axial direction.

This problem is solved by the fact that in the known technical device comprising a housing, an initiation system, an external hollow cylindrical explosive charge with a high detonation velocity and an internal explosive charge with a lower detonation velocity, the detonation velocities of which are 1: (0.7 ... 0 , 8), the internal charge is made of thermobaric composition, while in the base of the internal charge there is KB in the form of a truncated cone with an angle at the base of 37 ° ... 45 ° and a diameter of the upper base (0.3 ... 0.5) d, where d is inside diameter early charge.

The initiation system in the proposed technical solution is made in the form of an inert explosion-proof lens, on the outer end of which there is a transfer sheet charge in contact with the end face of the external hollow cylindrical charge, and the inner end of the lens is flat or in the shape of a cone, on which an additional transfer sheet charge with a high detonation speed.

To enhance the fragmentation effect in the cavity KB, a GGE block is additionally placed.

List of drawings

Figure 1 - section of BP BP.

Figure 2 - position of the fronts of detonation waves (DW) in charges at some point in time.

Figure 3 - scheme for calculating the parameters of KB.

Figure 4 - option OF BP with an additional transfer sheet charge and block GGE.

The implementation of the invention

In the drawings, the numbers indicate:

1 - PSU case;

2 - fuse;

3 - transfer sheet charge of explosives;

4 - inert explosion-proof lens;

5 - external hollow cylindrical charge of explosives;

6 - internal explosive charge;

7 - KB;

8 - PV external hollow cylindrical charge;

9 - PV internal charge;

10 - position of the front of the DW in the external hollow cylindrical charge;

11 - position of the front of the DW in the internal charge;

12 - position of the front of the Mach detonation wave;

13 - positions of the fronts of the DW in charges on a stationary site;

14 - additional transfer sheet charge;

15 - block GGE.

Implementation of BP BP according to the proposed technical solution (Figure 1) allows to increase the efficiency of high-explosive and fragmentation actions, including in the axial direction.

Indeed, in this case, the process of functioning of the PSU according to the proposed technical solution is carried out as if in two stages.

At the first stage, the initiation system is activated from the fuse 2, which ensures the transfer of the initiating pulse from the fuse 2 to the end face of the external hollow cylindrical charge 5 by detonating the transfer sheet charge 3 located on the outer end of the inert explosion-proof lens 4.

At the second stage (FIG. 2), the formation of the DW in charges 5 and 6 (PV is shown behind the front of the DW 8 and 9), the fronts 10 and 11 of which propagate along the housing 1 in charge 5 and to the axis of symmetry of the RP BP in charge 6 with its detonation velocities D ₁ and D _2, respectively. When converging to the axis of symmetry, the parameters at the front of the conical DW 11 begin to increase and reach a maximum at the moment of collapse on the axis. The consequence of this is the formation of a secondary DW propagating in the axial direction — the Mach 12 DW. As the complex of interacting DW 11 and 12 propagates in charge, the diameter of the Mach disk increases to a certain value, after which its growth stops and the detonation-wave complex 13 propagates in stationary mode with a detonation velocity of 5 charge for the remainder of the RP PS. Since in this case the velocity of the front of Mach 12 DW (D ₂ ) is significantly higher than the normal detonation velocity of charge 6 (D ₁ ), an increase in the detonation parameters (pressure, density, mass velocity, etc.) at the front of DW 11 ( respectively, behind the front), which propagates along charge 6 in the overcompressed mode.

If KB 6 is formed in charge 6, which coincides in shape with the stationary detonation-wave complex 11-12, then in this case the DW will be released to normal at any point on the surface of the SW. Thereby, the maximum possible loading parameters of KB will be realized, and, therefore, immediately after the exit of the DW to the surface of KB, the outflow of the PV charge 6 will begin in the direction of the axis of symmetry with the formation of a high-speed jet. Since the charge 6 is made of a thermobaric composition, the high-speed jet will contain a large amount of dispersed combustible metal, which burns out when mixed with air. As a result of this, a large amount of energy is released, leading to an increase in the parameters at the front of the air shock wave propagating in front of the high-speed jet, which ultimately leads to an increase in the high-explosive action in the axial direction.

, который совпадает с углом в основании КВ. Поскольку

, то окончательно имеем β=arccos(0,7…0,8), что дает для β диапазон изменения угла 37°…45°.The KB parameters can be determined by the known detonation velocities of charges D ₁ and D ₂ (Figure 3). Let the path BA = D ₁ t and path BC = D ₂ t go through the charge 6 at a certain point in time t DW. Then from the triangle ABC the angle

which coincides with the angle at the base of the HF. Insofar as

, then finally we have β = arccos (0.7 ... 0.8), which gives β a range of angle changes of 37 ° ... 45 °.

The diameter of the upper base KB is equal to 2 · KO and must coincide with the diameter of the Mach disk in the stationary section of the motion of the detonation-wave complex. The size of the Mach disk can be estimated from [4], as a result of which for the diameter of the upper base KB we will have (0.3 ... 0.5) d (Figure 3).

Figure 4 presents a variant of the PSU with an additional transfer sheet charge 14 with a high detonation velocity, which is located on the inner end of an inert explosion-proof lens 4. In addition, the inner end of the inert lens itself can be made in the form of a cone (external or internal with respect to lens). Such an implementation of the device will allow the detonation-wave interaction to begin much earlier, i.e. not on the axis of the munition, but in the corner where the charges 5 and 14 are in contact. Accordingly, as a result of this interaction, the formation of the Makhovka DW will also begin in the corner, and on the axis of the munition not converging DW 11 will interact (Figure 2), but the converging Makhovskaya DW, the parameters at the front of which are much higher.

The implementation of the inner end of an inert explosion-proof lens in the form of a cone will allow you to change the magnitude of the angle of interaction of the DW and, thereby, control the process of formation of the Mach of the DW.

When placed in the KB cavity of the GGE block, the fragmentation effect in the axial direction is additionally enhanced, since a fairly narrow high-speed GGE flow will propagate along the BP axis.

The proposed OF BP works as follows.

At the command of the fuse 2, a transfer sheet charge 3 is initiated, located on the outer end of the inert explosion-proof lens 4. As a result, the detonation pulse is transmitted to the external hollow cylindrical charge 5 and the internal charge 6 with the formation of DW 11 moving in charges with their speeds detonation. The collapse of the DW 11 on the axis of symmetry leads to the formation of a Mach 12 DW propagating along the symmetry axis of the munition in the direction of KB 7. When the KB surface reaches normal, the conditions for the maximum possible parameters of the outflow of metal-containing air defense in the form of a high-speed jet with the formation of an intense airborne air shock before the jet are realized. With the further spread of the jet, the PV moves with air and the dispersed metal particles burn out with the release of a large amount of energy, which goes up to increase the parameters of the leading air shock wave, which ultimately leads to an increase in high-explosive action in this direction.

When a block with GGE is placed in a KB, an explosive throwing of the block occurs at the maximum possible speed in the form of a narrow beam of high-speed GGE, which leads to an increase in fragmentation in this direction.

Information sources

1. Patent RU 2236667 dated 03/28/2003, F42B 12/20.

2. Patent RU 2341760 dated 03/29/2006, F42B 12/20.

3. Patent RU 2072501 dated 02.16.1994, F42B 1/02.

4. Voskoboinikov I.M., Gogulya M.F., Dolgoborodov A.Yu. Detonation of liquid explosives in shells of more powerful compositions // Combustion and Explosion Physics. 1981. No. 5. S.133-135.

Claims (4)

1. High-explosive explosive ordnance containing a body, an initiation system, an external hollow cylindrical explosive charge with a high detonation velocity and an internal explosive charge with a lower detonation velocity, the detonation velocity of which is 1: (0.7-0.8 ), characterized in that the internal charge is made of a thermobaric composition, while a cumulative recess in the form of a truncated cone with an angle at the base of 37-45 ° and a diameter of the upper base (0.3-0, 5) d, where d is the diameter of the internal charge. 2. The ammunition according to claim 1, characterized in that the initiation system is made in the form of an inert explosion-proof lens, on the outer end of which there is a transfer sheet charge in contact with the end face of the external hollow cylindrical charge. 3. Ammunition according to claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the inner end of the non-explosive lens is made in the form of a cone on which an additional transfer sheet charge with a high detonation speed is placed. 4. Ammunition according to claim 1, characterized in that in it in the cavity of the cumulative recess is placed a block of ready-to-use striking elements.

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