RU2427425C2 - Gyro crusher of dry rock to fractions - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: process engineering.

SUBSTANCE: proposed crusher comprises crushing table, roller with lever interacting with said crushing table, roller drive, horizontal platform with balancing weights and roller lever support, and two-stage gyro made up of motor with shaft and flywheel. Proposed crusher is equipped additionally with horizontal platform with support and two-stage gyro and extra crushing table with sieve surface. Extra platform is rigidly secured on struts above base horizontal platform. Extra crushing table is arranged to allow crushed rock to fall on base crushing table. Quantity of said extra horizontal platforms and extra crushing tables correspond to preset number of disintegrated rock fractions.

EFFECT: higher efficiency of crushing.

1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to mining, in particular to devices for grinding rock and industrial building materials by implementing various types of physical grinding process, namely, impact destruction, crushing, splitting and abrasion, as well as various combinations of the above types of grinding process.

Known grater mill, which uses the gyroscopic effect, containing a horizontal grinding table with a radius of R = 0.5 m and a metal roller weighing 100 kg, rotating by means of a power drive around the vertical axis of symmetry of the grinding table with an angular velocity of Ω = 6π rad / s, the angular velocity of rotation of the roll in this case is ω = 5Ω = 30π rad / s. Moreover, the additional maximum possible value of the vertical force of the roll pressure on the grinding table, arising due to the gyroscopic effect, is about 80% of the weight of the roll [1]. The disadvantages of the known technical solution are the use of a roll (gyro flywheel) as an element that creates gyroscopic force, and at the same time as a power element directly acting on the crushed rock, as well as a friction drive for rotating the roll (gyro flywheel). All this leads to the impossibility of controlled independent of each other changes in the angular velocities ω and Ω and does not allow you to effectively control the pressure force of the roll on the grinding table, and therefore, to effectively grind rocks with different strength properties, fractional composition and geometric shape using shock destruction, crushing and abrasion of the crushed material, leads to increased energy consumption, an increase in the mass and dimensions of the grinding device.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved result is a dry rock grinder, during operation of which a gyroscopic effect is used, comprising a grinding table, a roll with a lever interacting with the grinding table, a power drive for rotating the roll, a horizontal platform with balancing weights and with a support for the roll lever and a two-stage gyroscope. In the grinder, the main gyroscopic force, which presses the roller to the working table with the rock placed on it, is created due to the reaction of a two-stage gyroscope [2].

The disadvantages of the known technical solution is the impossibility of using it to obtain, after grinding, a disintegrated rock of a given fractional composition, since the grinding table does not have the necessary devices for this.

An object of the invention is the creation of a gyroscopic grinder of dry rock in fractions, efficiently and steadily working to grind rocks to a given fractional composition, as well as increasing its productivity and increasing efficiency.

The solution to the technical problem is achieved by the fact that the gyroscopic grinder of dry rock fractions contains a basic grinding table, a roll with a lever interacting with the grinding table, a power drive for rotating the roll, a horizontal base platform with balancing weights and with a support for the roll lever and a two-stage gyroscope in the form of an electric motor with a shaft and a flywheel, while the gyroscopic chopper is equipped with an additional horizontal platform with a support and a two-stage gyroscope fixed rigidly to the uprights hell with a basic horizontal platform, and an additional grinding table with a surface in the form of a sieve with the possibility of crushed rock falling onto the basic grinding table, the number of additional horizontal platforms with a support and a two-stage gyroscope and the number of additional grinding tables with a surface in the form of a sieve corresponds to a given number of fractions of a disintegrable rock formation.

The invention is illustrated by the drawing, which shows a General view of the gyroscopic grinder of dry rock in fractions, where 1 is a power drive for rotating the roll around a vertical axis, 2 is a horizontal platform, 3 is a support, 4 is a hinge, 5 is an electric motor, 6 is a shaft, 7 - flywheel, 8 - roll, 9 - roll lever, 10 - grinding table, 11 - crushed rock, 12 - two-stage gyroscope, 13 - balancing weights, 14 - racks, 15 - additional support, 16 - additional hinge, 17 - additional electric motor , 18 - additional shaft, 19 - additional flywheel 20 - additional roller 21 - an additional lever 22 - additional grinding table 23 - sieve 24 - additional balance weights 25 - additional horizontal space.

The device comprises a power drive 1 of rotation of the roll about a vertical axis, a horizontal base plate 2, a support 3 with a hinge 4, an electric motor 5 with a shaft 6 and a flywheel 7, a roll 8, a roll lever 9, a grinding table 10 on which the ground rock 11 is located. The electric motor 5 with a shaft 6 and a flywheel 7, mounted on the lever of the roll 9 and pivotally connected to the support 3, form a two-stage gyroscope 12.

For balancing the grinder of dry rock during rotation around a vertical axis, the device can be equipped with balancing weights 13 installed on a horizontal platform 2.

An additional horizontal platform 25 with an additional support 15 and additional balancing weights 24, an additional hinge 16 and a two-stage gyroscope in the form of an additional electric motor 17 with an additional shaft 18 and an additional flywheel 19, an additional roller 20 and its additional lever 21 are rigidly fixed on the racks 14. 20 abrades the rock 11 on an additional grinding table 22 with a surface in the form of a sieve 23 with the possibility of crushed rock 11 getting on the base grinding table 10, the number of additional horizontal platforms 25 with a support and a two-stage gyroscope and the number of additional grinding tables 22 with a surface in the form of a sieve corresponds to a predetermined number of fractions of disintegrated rock.

A gyroscopic dry rock grinder according to fractions works as follows: power drive 1 spins the base 2 and additional 25 horizontal platforms with rolls 8 and 20 mounted on them to an angular speed Ω around the vertical axis of rotation, electric motors 5 and 17 untwist flywheels 7 and 19 to angular speed ω, the direction of the vector of which coincides with the direction of the levers 9 and 21 of the rolls 8 and 20. Moreover, the two-stage gyroscopes installed on the base 2 and additional 25 horizontal platforms are gyroscopically th moment, the value of which is determined by the formula

where J _m = m R _{m m} ^2/2 - moment of inertia of the flywheel 7 and 19, m and R _{m m} - respectively the mass and radius of the flywheel 7 and 19, α - angle between the angular velocity vector ω and Ω.

The vertical gyroscopic force F _d equal to the rolls 8 and 20 is equal to

where l ₁ is the distance from the hinge 4 and to the center of the roll 8. The direction of this force is determined by the sign of the trigonometric function.

From relations (1) and (2) it follows that, by changing ω and Ω independently from each other, it is possible to change the value of the gyroscopic force F _d in a wide range of values. At the same time, it becomes possible to independently change the angular velocity of gyroscopes installed on the base and additional horizontal platforms, depending on the size of the rock fraction being disintegrated, which reduces the energy consumption for grinding and improves the efficiency of the gyroscopic grinder.

The stability of the proposed device is determined by the fact that with an increase in the resistance of the crushed rock to the movement of the rolls 8 and 20 along the base and additional grinding tables, the set value of the angular velocity Ω also decreases, which, in turn, reduces the gyroscopic value according to formula (1) moment, and hence the magnitude of the gyroscopic force F _d , which provides an increase in the angular velocity Ω to a given value.

Thus, from the point of view of the theory of automatic control, the proposed device is an automatic device with negative feedback, which ensures its stable operation.

Claims (1)

A dry-type gyroscopic grinder by fractions containing a basic grinding table, a roller with a lever interacting with the grinding table, a power drive for rotating the roller, a horizontal base platform with balancing weights, with a support for the roller lever and a two-stage gyroscope in the form of an electric motor with a shaft and a flywheel, characterized the fact that the gyroscopic chopper is additionally equipped with a horizontal platform with a support and a two-stage gyroscope mounted rigidly on racks above the base horizontal platform Oh, and a grinding table with a surface in the form of a sieve installed with the possibility of crushed rock falling onto the base grinding table, the number of additional horizontal platforms with a support and a two-stage gyroscope and the number of additional grinding tables with a surface in the form of a sieve corresponds to a given number of fractions of disintegrated rock .

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