RU2427132C2 - Protection method of human (animals) against bites of blood-sucking insects - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention refers to protection of human, agricultural and domestic animals against bites of blood-sucking insects (midges, mosquitoes, gnat, etc.) and can be used at home, in public places (schools, cinema halls, restaurants), as well as in field conditions (during camping, hunting) and in agricultural industry. Method consists in using of heat-generating devices for disorientation of blood-sucking insects inside the protected area. Method for arrangement in such zone of one or several IR sources having the power exceeding the power of IR radiation from exposed body parts of human and animals is realised. IR sources can be activated constantly or can be activated periodically or non-periodically, including change in frequency and duration of activation as per random law. Radiation diagrams and arrangement places of IR sources are arranged so that this radiation can be supplied to heat sensors at most possible observation points of humans and animals.

EFFECT: considerable increase in protection efficiency, reducing material consumption and overall dimensions, reducing the cost and power consumption of protection devices and providing quick operation of activation of protection mode.

1 dwg

Description

1. The technical field to which the invention relates.

The invention relates to the field of protection of humans, agricultural and domestic animals from bites of blood-sucking insects (mosquitoes, mosquitoes, gnats, etc.), including those spreading malaria and other infectious diseases, and can be used in everyday life, in public places (schools, cinemas , restaurants), as well as in the field (when carrying out various kinds of work, on camping trips, hunting) and in agricultural production (in animal husbandry).

2. The level of technology

It is known that at distances up to 100 m, blood-sucking insects determine the area of people (animals) by the increased concentration of carbon dioxide and the smell of sweat. At distances of about 10 m, they find targets (victims) by their thermal radiation.

The latter fact is widely used in known devices for protecting humans and animals from bites of blood-sucking insects. The composition of such devices for capturing or killing insects introduce special fuel elements that act as baits. To do this, their temperature is maintained at a level close to the temperature of the human body (animals). Various types of luminaires are used as thermal lures, the emission spectrum of which contains an infrared component, special gas and electric heaters. Such protection devices against bites of blood-sucking insects are commercially available and, in particular, are described in the following US patents:

- patent No. 6594946 from 07/22/2003,

- patent No. 6655078 from 12/02/2003,

- patent No. 6860061 dated 01.03.2005.

The described method and device for protecting humans (animals) from bites of blood-sucking insects using thermal baits have disadvantages that limit their effectiveness and possible conditions of use, namely:

- it is impossible to guarantee that insects will definitely choose the bait, and not people (animals). And vice versa, people (animals) located in the bait placement areas may receive more insect bites, because the bait may increase the total number of insects in the protected areas, especially if heat baits are used in combination with gas baits with a large radius of action ;

- if lighting devices are used as thermal lures, they can interfere with people, creating undesirable illumination of something. In addition, light devices lure and lead to the destruction of a number of insects that are useful for farming and maintaining ecological balance;

- known devices for capturing (destroying) insects with thermal baits have such dimensions and energy consumption that practically exclude their use in camping conditions (hunting, fishing, camping, etc.);

- the level of electrical and fire hazard of devices with thermal baits can be quite large due to the use of high-voltage supply voltages in them to kill insects or gas burners as bait heaters;

- the relatively high structural complexity, as well as the relatively large material consumption of such devices make them quite expensive. Not everyone can afford the purchase of such devices, especially in several copies - as it is necessary, for example, to effectively protect the home.

In devices that implement another method of protecting humans (animals) from bites of blood-sucking insects, heat-generating devices are used to heat and vaporize the protected zone of various kinds of repellents, substances that affect the behavior of insects or insecticides. Devices of this class, in particular, include devices known under the trademarks RAPTOR and FUMIGATOR (FUMITOX). Known devices operating on this principle also have inherent disadvantages and limitations, which include:

- the possibility of adverse (and even dangerous) effects of evaporated chemicals on humans (animals), for example, in the form of allergic reactions;

- limited (usually several months) effectiveness of active chemicals due to the ability of insects to adapt to them;

(NOTE: The World Health Organization, in Fact Sheet No. 94 (May 2007), notes the increasing resistance of insecticide to mosquitoes that transmit malaria and the decreasing number of insecticides that can be used to control malaria vectors. A similar trend is observed with repellents.)

- inertia, excluding the speed of inclusion of the protection mode;

- limited capacity of cartridges (containers) of evaporated chemicals, leading to the need for regular costs for their production and disposal;

- the need for a person to regularly perform operations to change (recharge) cartridges (containers) of such protection devices, periodically turn on and off the protection devices, as well as ventilate the rooms after using protection devices, that is, the impossibility (high cost) of the “on and off” principle;

- relatively high power consumption.

Among analogues, the closest to the invention is the method used in military technology - to disorient the enemy’s ground-based air defense equipment. The method consists in staging active radio interference, eliminating the possibility of direction finding of the location of aircraft by ground-based radar stations. The radar loses the ability to detect useful signals against interference due to the fact that its receiver, which has a limited dynamic range of input signals, is overloaded with active radio noise, whose power is significantly higher than the power of useful signals usually received by the radar. That is, a more powerful interference masks weak useful signals, depriving the radar of its ability to determine the position of enemy aircraft in airspace.

3. Disclosure of invention

The technical result implemented in this invention:

- a significant increase in the effectiveness of the protection of humans and animals,

- a significant expansion of the possible conditions for the use of protection,

- reduction of energy consumption of protective equipment,

- reduction of material consumption, dimensions and cost of protective equipment,

- improving the operational reliability of protective equipment,

- reduction of electrical, fire and environmental hazards of protective equipment.

The specified technical result is achieved by a method using heat-generating devices to create inside the protected zones interference to the detection of blood-sucking insects of people (animals). The method is based on the fact that infrared radiation sources are placed in the zone protected from insects, the radiation power of which exceeds the infrared radiation power from vulnerable parts of the human and animal body, and the infrared radiation sources can be switched on continuously or switched on periodically or not periodically, including with a change in the frequency and duration of the inclusion according to a random law, and the radiation diagrams and the locations of infrared radiation sources are arranged so that this radiation Stepping on the thermal sensors of insects in the most possible points of observation of people and animals.

Blood-sucking insects actively attack people and animals only at night, at dusk or in the shade of plants, that is, under conditions most favorable for detecting weak infrared radiation from the bodies of people and animals. The method consists in placing in the protected zone one or more infrared radiation sources having a wide radiation pattern and power substantially exceeding the infrared radiation power from vulnerable parts of the human body (animals). A situation should be created when the protected zone is blocked by many direct rays, reflection rays and the dissipated power of infrared radiation sources, which at a certain level of radiation source power guarantees the thermal sensors of insects to overload, protecting people (animals) from their bites.

Sources of infrared radiation can be switched on continuously or switched on periodically. The choice of the mode of periodic inclusion of infrared sources significantly reduces the energy consumption of protection devices. Continuous control of the frequency and duration of the inclusion of radiation sources excludes the possibility of selecting a signal processing algorithm that would allow insects to recognize the thermal radiation of people and animals in the intervals of switching off the radiation of infrared sources.

The method is implemented using LEDs that effectively convert electrical energy into infrared radiation. LED performance provides the ability to instantly turn on the protection mode and ease of implementation of the regime of periodic inclusion of radiation. LEDs and microelectronic control devices have high operational reliability, long service life, low price, small dimensions, use safe voltage for humans and animals.

4. Brief Description of the Drawings

The drawing shows a variant of the device that implements the method.

5. The implementation of the invention

The drawing shows a variant of the electrical functional diagram of a device that implements the method. The device consists of a rectangular pulse generator 2, an electronic switch 3 and an infrared radiation source 4 made of LEDs 5. Generator 2 generates voltage (current) pulses, whose duration and repetition period vary according to a random (different) law. The key 3 provides the connection of the LED infrared source to the power source of the device 1 for a time equal to the duration of the pulses from the generator. Infrared LEDs convert the electrical energy of a power source into infrared radiation.

In the simplest case, it is possible for the generator to generate 2 pulses with a constant frequency and duty cycle.

The above version of the scheme allows you to implement a protective tool in the form of a cheap miniature microelectronic product suitable for a wide variety of conditions and use cases, for example for embedding in furniture and interior decoration elements, and even for sewing or attaching to clothing items, hats and bedding .

Claims (1)

A method of protecting humans and animals from bites of blood-sucking insects using heat-generating devices, characterized in that infrared radiation sources are placed in the zone protected from insects, the radiation power of which exceeds the power of infrared radiation from vulnerable parts of the human and animal body, and infrared radiation sources can be included constantly or turn on periodically or not periodically, including with a change in the frequency and duration of the inclusion according to a random law, and diagrams radiation and the location of infrared radiation sources are arranged so that this radiation is fed to the thermal sensors of insects at most possible points of observation by them of people and animals.

Images