RU2425790C1 - Bin trestle to load railway cars and method to reload dust-containing loose materials from bin trestle into railway car - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: packing industry.

SUBSTANCE: bin trestle to load railway cars includes a metal structure installed above a rail track with feed bins (3), at least one of which (4) is designed to collect a dust-containing fraction. Feed bins are combined into two process lines with two scraper containers (7, 8) that includes inclined or bent sections (6), and vibration feeders. The unloading end of each scraper conveyor is equipped with a sliding dust-tight loading head (12) and is connected with it by means of a flexible transporting hose (13). Vibration feeders arranged under the loading nozzles of a bin for collection of a dust-like fraction are connected to loading nozzles of both scraper conveyors. The method of reloading includes movement of materials within the bins to the exit under gravity. Single flows are exposed to a volume vibration dosing at the exit from each bin and are combined into two separate flows, every of which is forcedly supplied to levels of receiving sections of sliding dust-tight loading heads.

EFFECT: invention reduces dust release.

4 cl, 9 dwg

Description

The group of inventions relates to the field of metallurgy, in particular to loading and unloading operations and equipment for blast furnace production, and is intended for receiving, feeding, dosing and loading the mixture or its components in blast furnaces, and can be used in chemical and other industries for the same purpose and, in particular, to reduce dust emissions into the atmosphere.

Known bunker overpass blast furnace containing installed in the technological sequence under the bunkers, screens, a conveyor connected by trays with bunker scales, the shutters of which are connected to the cranks of the drives, and a support frame [Description of the invention to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2092566 from 03/14/1996, IPC ⁶ С21В 7 / 10, publ. 10/10/1997]. As a result of using an overpass, an increase in the stability of reinforcing the volume of a given portion of the unloaded material is achieved and the “tails” are eliminated when loading a blast furnace. As a result, the quality of blast furnace loading and the reliability of its operation are improved.

The disadvantages of the flyover are the relative complexity of the design, associated with the large range of equipment used and, as a result, the excessive dustiness of the workspace. In addition, the technological flows are organized taking into account the active influence of gravity on the moving materials and are directed from top to bottom, which requires placing a flyover above the corresponding receiving devices.

A device is known for reducing harmful substances during coke production from coke ovens, comprising a dust removal system mounted on a door-mounted machine with the possibility of moving along the coke side of the coke oven car, including an umbrella, traction drives, dust collectors, air ducts and horizontal partitions, with the upper part of the umbrella being located a straight-through cyclone with an air duct supplying purified air to the supply slotted air ducts located along the perimeter of the horizontal partition [Description of the invention Iya to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2177976 from 04.09.2000, IPC ⁷ СВВ 33/00, publ. 01/10/2002]. The device ensures the stability of the process of removing dusty air from the sides of the car and from the umbrella, reduces the dimensions of the umbrella and reduces dust emissions into the atmosphere. The compactness and small dimensions of the installation make it possible to place it on a door car.

A feature of the design of the device is that small fractions of coke dust are burned after removal from the interior of the coke oven car. In the case of applying this solution to non-combustible products, such as lime or other minerals, the design of the device will be significantly complicated and additional over-car space will be required to accommodate special equipment.

A known installation for loading carriages with flux, comprising a loading conveyor with a plow ejector, a hopper with a shutter, a feeder, an unloading funnel, a rotary trench and an electric winch installed under the conveyor on a supporting structure, while the funnel is mounted on a supporting structure and connected to the feeder, and a rotary trough at one end it is connected to the funnel and pivotally mounted on it, and at the other end it is connected to an electric winch mounted on a supporting structure and providing lifting and lowering circuiting of that end of the trough at the level of 150-200 mm from the dimensions of the load in the car, the chute is provided with a sector shutter to prevent spontaneous expiration flux [Disclosure of the invention to RF patent №2170772 from 15.10.1999, IPC S22V ⁷ 1/00, publ. 07/20/2001]. The invention allows to evenly distribute the flux, which is used as lime, in the mass of the stack.

The construction of the flyover of the hopper is such that its contents enter directly into the open car without dust isolation, which results in dusty working space with lime particles. In addition, the technological equipment is located sequentially at different levels vertically, which requires an appropriate workshop space.

A device is known for dust-free loading of bulk material from a hopper into wagons, including a hopper, a lifting and lowering frame with a loading chute and an air duct for dust removal, while flexible fabric is lowered onto the car on flexible ties and has a rigid cross member in the middle part of which is placed an opening connected to the estrus, the length of the web being twice as long as the length of the loaded carriage, and the duct connected to the top of the hopper [Description of the invention to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2232123 of 06.03.2002, IPC ⁷ B65G 69/18, B65G 67/04 , about publ. 07/10/2004]. The device provides reliable dust isolation at the place of loading cars when unloading the hopper.

The design of the hopper is such that its volume is commensurate with the loading volume of the railway car - 50-60 m ³ . And even in this case, it is impossible to make a full load of transport packaging, since the proportions of a standard car allow it to be loaded from one installation of loading equipment at a level of 25-35%. When reinstalling known equipment to a new position, the same, albeit to a lesser extent, problems of dust insulation arise. As a result, the claimed solution does not solve the contradiction between the rational use of the car’s internal space in terms of its most complete load and reliable dust insulation.

The task to be solved by the first invention of the group and the technical result achieved are to create a bunker overpass for loading railway cars, the use of which ensures guaranteed dust-free unloading of bunkers with a given high performance while maintaining existing design parameters, including height dimensions, bunker racks.

To solve the problem and achieve the claimed technical result in the bunker overpass for loading railroad cars, including a metal structure mounted above the rail with consumable bins, of which each bunker contains two or four discharge pipes, and at least one of the bunkers is designed to collect the dust fraction, feed hoppers are combined in two production lines by means of two inclined or curved sections of scraper conveyors with immersion blades and vibration feeders located between the discharge nozzles of the hoppers and the loading nozzles of the scraper conveyors, and the discharge end of each conveyor conveyor is equipped with a telescopic dust-tight loading head and connected to it by means of a flexible conveying sleeve, while the vibration feeders located under the discharge nozzles of the hopper to collect the dust fraction connected to the loading nozzles of both scraper conveyors. In addition, scraper conveyors and vibration feeders are dustproof.

A known method of operation of the bunker flyover, which consists in filling the bunkers using loading devices with charge materials; sifting them - using screens to turn on the screens, the material is sieved, after which the small fraction is disposed of, and the large fraction is sent to the hopper scales; determination of dose weight; charge direction to the receiving conveyor and along it to the receiving devices of the blast furnace for further loading [see RF patent No. 2092566 dated 03/14/1996].

The disadvantages of the method is the excessive dustiness of the working space, since it is implemented using a large range of open equipment for dust leaks.

There is a known technology for unloading coke into a coke oven car, a feature of which is that the air-gas mixture through the coke guide enters the direct-flow cyclones, after which polluted air with a high concentration of dust is sent to the cyclone for cleaning and emitted into the atmosphere, while air with a low dust concentration from the central part of the cyclone is fed to the supply slit air ducts, which prevents dust from knocking out of the coke box car, and small fractions of coke dust containing I to supply air jets burn in high temperature zone within the coke guide [see. RF patent No. 2177976 from 09/04/2000].

The disadvantage of this method is that in the case of the application of this technology for the transshipment of non-combustible products, such as lime or other minerals, a significant complication of the structural support of the method will be required and additional carriage space will be required for its placement.

A known method for the production of fluxed sinter, including unloading the wagons with iron ore materials and averaging them in the ore yard, supplying iron ore materials to the bunkers, grinding and feeding calcium-containing flux (lime) to the bunker bunkers, blast furnace dust and fuel, dosing and mixing the batch, its supply and laying on sinter tape, ignition, sintering of the mixture and classification of sinter, and lime is loaded with a plate feeder, from which lime is through a discharge funnel and a rotary gland b is laid on the surface of the material in the cars when the train is moving at a speed of 1-3 km / h, while the rotary trough with the help of an electric winch is lowered to a level of 150-200 mm from the level of the cargo envelope to reduce dust formation, and for the passage of the locomotive rises up to the overall size [see RF patent No. 2170772 from 10/15/1999].

Despite the “stepwise" packing of the agglomerate in the carriage, the process is still characterized by a high dust content of the technological space.

A known method of dustless loading of bulk material from a hopper into wagons, implemented on the appropriate device [see RF patent No. 2232123 of 03/06/2002]. When the next car is put under loading, with the help of winches, a flat elastic web suspended from the lifting and lowering frame is lowered onto it, while if the neighboring cars have different heights of the sides, then the elastic web is first lowered onto these cars and then onto the loaded car. Since the elastic web has a length twice as long as the length of the car, the loading of the car is equivalent along its entire length, i.e. at any location of the car, it is constantly closed by an elastic canvas. When replacing cars, the elastic web, telescopic estrus and sleeve are lifted by winches. After rearrangement of cars, the loading cycle is repeated. At the moment of loading the car, air compression (increased pressure) occurs in its free space, and depression (depression) occurs in the bunker space. Therefore, dusty air rushes from the car through the duct in the sleeve, point and hopper to the top of the hopper, moving in a confined space. It is believed that dusting of the surrounding atmosphere does not occur with this technology.

For all the advantages of the known solution, the fact is not taken into account that the elastic web due to its impressive size and design features of typical railway cars will be subject to intense wear, as a result of which the method can be implemented in the amount of the claimed technical result within a fairly short period of time. In addition, an “on-duty” spot from a thick layer of dust will form on the inner working surface of the canvas, which, when loading the next car, will not necessarily coincide with its contour, but will crumble, polluting the surrounding area.

The problem solved by the second invention of the group and the technical result achieved are to create a method for loading dust-containing bulk materials from a bunker overpass into a railway carriage, the use of which will ensure guaranteed dust-free unloading of bunkers with a given high performance while maintaining existing design parameters, including height dimensions, bunker racks.

To solve the problem and achieve the claimed technical result in a method of loading dust-containing bulk materials from a hopper rack into a railroad car, including moving materials within the hoppers, at least one of which is designed to collect the dust fraction, to exit under the influence of its own gravity, single flows subjected to volumetric vibration dosing at the outlet of each hopper and combined into two separate streams, each of which is forcedly fed to the receiving levels x sections of telescopic dust-tight loading heads. Additionally, volumetric vibration dosing, flow combining and forced flow of combined flows are carried out in dustproof design.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where

- figure 1 shows a General view of the bunker trestle;

- figure 2 is a top view of the trestle of figure 1 from above;

- figure 3 is a view And figure 1 is a side view of the flyover from the side of the loading head;

- figure 4 shows the position B of figure 3 - view of the discharge end of the scraper conveyor;

- figure 5 - position In figure 2 is a diagram of the supply of material from the hopper to the scraper conveyor;

- Fig.6 shows a view of G Fig.5 - a view of the discharge nozzles of the hopper, vibration feeders and the loading nozzle of the scraper conveyor (rotated);

- figure 7 shows the position D of figure 1 - a typical diagram of the inclusion of a vibrating feeder in the composition of technological equipment;

- in Fig.8 - position E of Fig.2 is a diagram of the supply of material from the hopper to two scraper conveyors;

- Fig. 9 shows a view G of Fig. 8 - a view of the discharge nozzles of the hopper, vibrating feeders and loading nozzles of scraper conveyors (rotated).

The hopper rack for loading railway cars includes a metal structure mounted above the rail 1 with consumables 3 and 4, each hopper 3 or 4 containing two or four discharge pipes 5, and one of the hoppers, for example 4, is designed to collect the dust fraction, this consumable bins 3 and 4 are combined in two production lines by means of two inclined or curved sections 6 of the scraper conveyors 7 and 8 with immersion blades (scrapers) and vibration feeders 9 located between the discharge pipes 5 of the hoppers 3 and 4 and the loading pipes 10 of the scraper conveyors 7 and 8, and the discharge ends 11 of each scraper conveyor 7 and 8 are equipped with telescopic dust-tight loading heads 12 and connected with them by means of flexible conveying sleeves 13, while the vibration feeders 9 located under the discharge pipes 5 of the hopper 4 for collecting the dust fraction, connected to the loading pipes 10 of both scraper conveyors 7 and 8, both scraper conveyors 7 and 8 and vibration feeders 9 are dusty lotnoe execution.

A method for loading dust-containing bulk materials from a bunker overpass into a railway carriage involves moving materials within the bins 3 and 4 to the exit under the influence of their own gravity. Single streams are also subjected to volumetric vibration dosing at the outlet of each hopper 3 and 4, but are combined into two separate streams, each of which is forcedly fed to the levels of the receiving sections of the telescopic dust-tight loading heads 12. Volumetric vibration dosing, combination of flows and forced feeding of the combined flows are also carried out in dustproof design.

We analyze the materiality of the signs of technical solutions.

In metallurgical, chemical and other industries, there is a problem of receiving, feeding, dosing and loading the mixture or its components into working or other technological equipment. As a rule, these processes occur in confined spaces and poorly ventilated rooms. The basis of this equipment is various bunkers installed above the railway rail, into which, after furnaces and refrigerators, as well as after suction filters, a charge or its components is fed. Often, one of the bins is designed for the dust fraction obtained after suction filters.

Bunkers serve as a storage and battery at the same time and serve, as a rule, a continuous technological process of a specific metallurgical or chemical production. During the operation of bunker equipment, its regular and guaranteed emptying is required.

The following features of the operation and maintenance of bunker equipment:

- loading only open wagons is possible;

- loading, for example, special dust-tight mineral carriages is not possible due to the lack of sufficient height space under each hopper for installing special docking heads;

- when loading, there is a strong dusting and pollution of the workspace and the environment;

- reconstruction of the bunker overpass, associated with an increase in height between the gate valves of the bunkers and rail tracks, is not possible.

Today, the listed problems of using bunker equipment for existing conditions, i.e. put into operation in the recent past and previously launched, production is not resolved.

As a result, technical solutions were developed for the bunker flyover and a dust-free method for loading dust-containing bulk materials, eliminating the existing disadvantages. In particular, to increase the loading speed of wagons, to provide time for repair and maintenance of part of the equipment, to regulate the filling and emptying of bins 3 and 4, etc. The unloading of the overpass can be done on two sides. For this, bins 3 and 4 are divided into two independent flows, and since one of the bins, namely bunker 4, is designed to collect the pulverulent fraction and requires regular unloading, it is simultaneously included in both streams. In this case, in order to unify the equipment and optimize the process of moving bulk materials, it is appropriate to operate with an even number of discharge pipes 5 and 10 - two or four, which provide unhindered and guaranteed unloading of the contents of bins 3 and 4, which is determined mainly by the purpose of the used bunker equipment. And if earlier the bunker was emptied from the height of its discharge pipes directly into the car, then in the proposed technical solution, the supply bins 3 and 4 are combined into a production line by means of two inclined or curved sections 6 of the scraper conveyors 7 and 8 and vibration feeders 9. Vibration feeders 9 (see, for example, the website WWW.vibro-m.ru) provide guaranteed unloading of each hopper 3 and 4, a high degree and accuracy of dosing of the supply of bulk material. Scraper conveyors 7 and / or 8 with a lower (immersed) arrangement of blades (scrapers) bring bulk material to the periphery of the flyover, at any given point, and raises it to a given height.

It should be noted that the equipment used is dustproof. This is its feature compared to standard standardized equipment. The dust-tight design of the equipment involved can be, for example, a conventional engineering solution specific to specific production conditions, which can be implemented directly during the installation of equipment - installation of gaskets, gaskets, putting on covers, etc. As a result of the above, it became possible to equip the flyover with the same high-performance telescopic dust-tight loading head 12, commercially available from Russian and foreign manufacturers (see, for example, the websites WWW.becema.com and WWW.oooleader.ru), or, for example, which is described in the patent of the Russian Federation No. 20144496 from 12.23.1991, IPC ⁵ F04C 2/16, F04C 2/20, publ. 06/15/1994. Previously, such heads 12 were used only if there was a sufficient distance between the unloading - 5 and loading - 10 nozzles and the level of the car, which, depending on productivity, is from 2.0 to 4.0 meters. The unloading ends 11 of the scraper conveyors 7 and 8 located at the specified location of the overpass interact with the loading heads 12 by means of flexible transporting hoses 13. All of the above, in addition to dust-free transportation and feeding, also made it possible to use special dust-tight cars, such as mineral carriers 14 with special loading hatches 15 in the roof.

In the method of dust-free loading of dust-containing bulk materials from a bunker overpass into a railway carriage, selection of materials from bins 3 and 4 is provided, but not random selection directly into an open carriage, as in traditional technical solutions, but forced dosed. Vibrodosed single streams are combined into a common dust-tight flow, which is forced to a certain level, where the receiving section 11 of the telescopic dust-tight loading head 12 is located. Further movement of bulk material occurs according to the worked out scheme using existing technical solutions, namely, the telescopic loading head 12 (see . Internet links) and hereinafter - a special covered wagon (for example, mineral wagon 14 - model No. 19-923 according to the classification of the Ministry of Railways of the Russian Federation, etc.). Only with such organization of bulk material transshipment is it possible to obtain the claimed technical result - guaranteed metered release of bins 3 and 4, bringing the combined flow outside the overpass to the required level at any point, dust-free transportation of materials and high performance of dust-free loading of cars.

A feature of the method is that the available streams, including streams of the dust fraction, are combined into two separate, independent streams, each of which is forcibly fed to the levels of the receiving sections 11 of the telescopic dust-tight loading heads 12. Due to this, it is possible to use overpasses and production facilities considered to be morally obsolete under them for their intended purpose and at the same time with maximum efficiency equal to the newly designed overpasses and workshops.

Separation of single streams into two independent ones is sometimes necessary, as mentioned in the description of bunkers, to increase the loading speed of cars (one car is loaded with two heads 12 at once), to provide the opportunity and time for repair and maintenance of part of the bunker equipment and the flyover as a whole, to control filling - emptying bins 3 and 4, receiving at the exit fractions of bulk materials of a certain size, to ensure the independent laying of additional railway tracks under the additional nye cars, etc.

The invention is implemented as follows.

The bunker rack for loading railroad cars serves, for example, lime kilns. An overpass is an intermediate warehouse between a lime manufacturing workshop and consumer shops, such as blast furnaces and converter shops. Since the technological process at the metallurgical enterprise is continuous, lime should also be shipped continuously. This places high demands both on the reliability of the equipment used, and on the need to organize the process of shipment of lime in full even during repair work.

The overpass is equipped with two independent scraper conveyors 7 and 8, each of which has a common technological connection with the hopper 4 containing the dust fraction.

Based on the specific dimensions of the bunker overpass, for example, we find that the unloading - 5 and loading - 8 nozzles of the supply bins 3 and 4, as the basic structural elements, are located at a height of 2500 mm from the upper level of the car (hatch 15 of the mineral truck 14), while while the upper edge of the conveying sleeve 11 should be at a height of 3300 mm above it. Direct loading of an open wagon or mineral carrier 14 from a hopper 3 or 4 through nozzles 5 or 8 is undesirable due to severe dust formation and / or difficulties with getting into the open hatch 15 of a mineral truck 14.

The modernization of the bunker overpass and the technological process for loading dust-containing bulk materials from it into a railway carriage consists in the fact that each of the bunkers 3 and 4 at the exit, after the slide gates (not shown conditionally), is equipped with vibration feeders 9 - one or several - depending on the required performance of the selection of the material loaded into them or from the existing design features of the bins 3 and 4. Vibration feeders 9 supply bulk material to horizontally located transport channels of scraper conveyors 7 and 8 and so on from each hopper 3 and 4.

Further, the transport channels of the conveyors 7 and 8 are bent as necessary in the vertical (sections 6) and, if necessary (depending on the design features), in horizontal planes so that the unloading ends 11 of the scraper conveyors 7 and 8, and therefore the receiving section of the telescopic loading head 12, were located 800 mm above the nozzles 5 and 10 of the lowest of the bins 3 and 4 and coincided with the longitudinal plane of the track 1. Unloading ends 11 of the conveyors 7 and 8 by means of flexible protractors The sleeves 13 are equipped with dust-tight loading heads 12. This typical equipment includes (without detail in the figures of the drawings) a connecting sleeve with a conical nozzle and a lowering and lifting mechanism, a lateral and longitudinal carriage, an aspiration filter and other necessary elements.

The length of the transporting sleeve 13 is determined by the possible displacements of both carriages in the transverse and longitudinal directions (at least 400 mm in each direction) to automatically lower the docking sleeve inside the open car or install it in the hatch 15 of the mineral truck 14, while the bending angles of the transporting sleeve 13 should be such so that the material in it does not hang and provides the required loading capacity, for example, at least 200 t / h.

After the installation of the equipment, the necessary vibration-proof sealing of all docking places is provided, which allows working with dusty transported material without emitting dust into the environment. Thus, the bunker overpass is ready for operation.

In order to load mineral truck 14, it is necessary to lower the connecting sleeve into the hatch (loading pipe) of the car until the conical nozzle contacts the pipe walls, after which it is necessary to turn on the scraper conveyor 7 and / or 8, vibration feeders 9 and, if they were not open, then and gate valves. Bulk material from a specific hopper 3 or 4 or immediately from all hoppers 3 and 4 goes to the required level of the receiving section 11 and then to the telescopic dust-tight loading head 12 and from there to the mineral wagon 14. The dust released when the wagon is loaded is discharged through an aspiration hose to the filter .

There is a potential opportunity to load material from just one specific silo 3 or 4 into the wagon. This may be necessary, for example, during repair or maintenance work on the remaining silos.

The described process lends itself to automation, which allows after the installation and positioning of the loading head 12 in the transport container to turn on the flow of bulk material into the space of the car simply by pressing the start button. It is possible to load a wagon simultaneously with two loading heads 12 or simultaneously load two wagons independently of each other.

If open rail cars are used for loading, there is a possibility of dusting the surrounding area. To avoid this, it is recommended to use special wagons, for example, closed mineral wagons 14.

Similarly, it is possible to upgrade the bunker racks of coke oven batteries, as well as apply the indicated technical solutions in cement, chemical and other similar industries.

As a result of the implementation of the inventions, a new bunker overpass for loading railway wagons and a new method for loading dust-containing bulk materials from it were created. The use of inventions ensured guaranteed dust-free unloading of bunkers with a given high capacity while maintaining existing structural parameters, including elevation dimensions, bunker racks and industrial premises where they are located.

Claims (4)

1. Bunker rack for loading railway cars, including a metal structure mounted above the rail with consumable bins, each bunker containing two or four discharge pipes and at least one of the bunkers designed to collect the dust fraction, while the bunkers are combined into two production lines by two inclined or curved sections of scraper conveyors with immersion blades and vibration feeders located between the discharge nozzles of the hopper ers and loading branch pipes of scraper conveyors, and the discharge end of each scraper conveyor is equipped with a telescopic dust-tight loading head and connected to it by means of a flexible conveying sleeve, while the vibrating feeders located under the discharge pipes of the hopper for collecting dust fractions are connected to the loading pipes of both scraper conveyors. 2. Flyover according to claim 1, characterized in that both scraper conveyors and vibration feeders are dustproof. 3. A method for transferring dust-containing bulk materials from a bunker overpass to a railroad car, including moving materials within the bins, at least one of which is designed to collect the dust fraction, to exit under the influence of its own gravity, while unit flows are subjected to volumetric vibration dosing at the exit of each hopper and combined into two separate streams, each of which is forcibly fed to the levels of the receiving sections of the telescopic dust-tight loading heads. 4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that the volumetric vibration dosing, combining the flows and the forced supply of the combined flows are carried out in dustproof design.

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