RU2425245C2 - Charge of composite solid propellant - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: power industry.

SUBSTANCE: charge of composite solid propellant includes built-in metal electrode system consisting of many spirally located foil sheets coated with layer of polymerised fuel mass and used as combustible propellant component. Spirally located foil sheets coated with layer of polymerised fuel mass form single-block multi-layered construction of cylindrical shape with combustion along inner channel and end surface. Thickness of polymerised fuel mass layer and thickness of foil have been chosen from condition of achieving the stoichiometric balance between fuel components.

EFFECT: invention allows increasing mechanical strength of charge at maintaining stoichiometric balance between fuel components.

1 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to solid rocket fuel (PFC) power plants, in particular to the structure of mixed solid propellant charges (condensed energy systems - EX), and can be used in controlled PFC with continuously adjustable output parameters.

The known design of ballistic charges EX, reinforced with a metal mesh, manufactured by rolling (winding) from a powder sheet with a thickness of 2-6 mm and a metal mesh with subsequent gluing of the product to obtain the required physical and mechanical properties [Fioshina MA Fundamentals of chemistry and technology of gunpowder and solid rocket fuels: Textbook. allowance. / Fioshina M.A., Rusin D.L. - M.: RCTU them. D.I. Mendeleev, 2004. - 264 p.].

The disadvantages of such charges with an increase in the overall mechanical strength are the reduced energy-mass characteristics of ballistic EX. In addition, reinforcement with a single metal mesh does not allow electric current to pass through the combustion surface of the fuel and control the rate of charge burning during the operation of the EUTT.

The closest in technical essence to the present invention are the charges of mixed solid rocket fuel (TRT) with combustion along the internal channel with an integrated transverse or longitudinal electrode system of metal foil or mesh, adhesively bonded to the fuel mass in the charge volume, to implement a method of controlling the burning rate EX in EUTT (patent RU No. 2175399).

The disadvantage of such charges of mixed TRT with transverse and longitudinal electrode systems is the increased resulting electrical resistance of the combustion surface of the solid fuel charge, since they have an undeveloped (small) surface of electrical contact with the reaction zone of the condensed phase of the fuel. This requires an increase in the number of electrodes in the fuel mass or the use of powerful high-voltage voltage sources in order to continuously regulate the required range of flow or traction characteristics of the EUTT. In the process of operation of an EUTT, the TRT charge is under the action of the intracameral pressure of the gas phase of the combustion products in a stress-strain state. In this case, a simple increase in the number of electrodes according to schemes with longitudinal or transverse charge segmentation leads to a deterioration in its energy characteristics (increase in metallization of the fuel and violation of the oxygen balance) and a fundamentally important loss of mechanical strength with the possibility of destruction of such charges during the operation of the EUTT. The use of high voltages in the EUTT control system is also undesirable from the point of view of reducing the reliability of its operation in difficult operating conditions.

The objective of the invention is to create a charge structure of a mixed solid rocket fuel with a built-in metal electrode system:

- without changing the optimal (stoichiometric) mass ratio between the combustible and oxidizing components of the fuel, affecting the energy of the fuel and, as a result, the specific pulse of the EUTT;

- possessing the required physical and mechanical properties: high mechanical tensile strength, compression, resistance to cracking under the conditions of vibrations, overloads and pressure pulsations in the combustion chamber acting on the EUTT;

- with an electrode system having a developed contact surface with the reaction zone, allowing the use of a low-voltage current source in the system for controlling the burning speed of the EX.

In this case, the technical result consists in achieving the required physical and mechanical properties of the charge and the minimum resulting resistance of the combustion surface without changing the optimal (stoichiometric) mass ratio of the components.

The technical result is achieved in the charge of a mixed solid rocket fuel with an integrated metal electrode system formed from sheets of metal foil, in which, unlike the closest analogue, the electrode system is made of many spiral-shaped foil sheets coated with a layer of polymerized fuel mass and used as a combustible component fuel. The spiral-shaped foil sheets coated with a layer of polymerized fuel mass form a monoblock multilayer cylindrical structure with combustion along the internal channel and end surface, and the thickness of the polymerized fuel mass layer and the foil thickness are selected to achieve a stoichiometric balance between the fuel components.

The charge of the mixed TRT can be performed with combustion on various surfaces, for example, with combustion along the end surface or along the internal channel. Figure 1 shows the design of the charge of a mixed solid rocket fuel with combustion along the internal channel and end surface, which is connected to an external system for regulating in-chamber processes of EUTT. Figure 2 presents a view of the charge in cross section by a plane relative to its longitudinal axis (figure 1, section "AA").

The charge structure of the mixed TRT consists of many separate sheets of metal foil 1, each of which is coated with a layer of non-metallized fuel mass 2, and spirally rolled with the formation of an internal channel 3 and an open end surface 4 in a monolithic multilayer cylindrical structure, booked with a heat-resistant coating 5 for non-burning surfaces. The metal sheets of the foil 1 form an electrode system in charge and have wire leads 6 from the combustion chamber 7 for connecting to an external control system 8 of the internal chamber processes of the EUTT.

The ends of the sheets of foil 1 with the fuel layers 2 form the perimeter of the internal channel of the combustion of the charge. Therefore, the number of sheets of electrodes in the mixed charge, covered with a layer of adhesively bonded fuel mass, is determined by the requirement of compliance with the oxygen balance and the parameters of the equation of the spirals.

The thickness of the fuel interelectrode layer 2 and the thickness of the foil are selected from the condition of achieving a stoichiometric oxygen balance between the components in the EX, just as if the metal foil was uniformly distributed throughout the charge in powder form. That is, the metal foil in the mixed charge acts as an energy supplement and has a calculated mass content.

This structure of a monoblock charge, consisting of many spirally arranged metal foil sheets coated with a layer of fuel mass EX calculated thickness, is made new, different from known technological methods.

The combustion process of the charge occurs on the inner unarmored channel 3 and the end surface 4 in the combustion chamber 7 of the controlled EUTT. Depending on the driving influence X (t), the ECS 8 burning rate control unit, which is part of the EUTT control system, changes the burning rate (vector - u) of the TRT composite charge and, accordingly, the consumption and traction characteristics of the EUTT according to the required law. Under conditions of operation of an EUTT, the charge of a mixed TRT retains its structure and operability in accordance with the declared properties until it is completely burned out, being under the pressure of the gas phase of the combustion products, overloads, vibrations, and various other internal and external disturbances.

In the monoblock spiral structure of the mixed charge, many separate sheets of metal foil adhesively bonded to the fuel mass play a multifunctional role:

- are an energy supplement in EX, i.e. accurately metered combustible component in the fuel formulation to increase the temperature of the combustion products and, accordingly, the specific pulse of the EUTT;

- ensure the passage of electric current through the electrically conductive combustion surface (reaction zone) of a charge affecting the burning rate of the fuel under current thermodynamic conditions;

- form a developed surface of electrical contact with the reaction zone of the ECS due to the spiral arrangement of the electrodes emerging on the combustion surface of the fuel, and as a result minimize the total electrical resistance of the reaction zone of the charge;

- provide the charge with maximum mechanical strength while maintaining the stoichiometric chemical composition of the fuel compared to the prototype (patent RU No. 2175399).

Claims (1)

The charge of mixed solid rocket fuel with an integrated metal electrode system formed from sheets of metal foil, characterized in that the electrode system is made of many spiral-shaped foil sheets coated with a layer of polymerized fuel mass and used as a combustible fuel component, while being coated with a layer of polymerized fuel the masses of the spiral-shaped foil sheets form a monoblock multilayer cylindrical structure with combustion along the inside the channel and the end surface, and the thickness of the layer of polymerized fuel mass and the thickness of the foil are selected from the condition of achieving a stoichiometric balance between the components of the fuel.

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