RU2424646C1 - Disk furrow opener with drum guide - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agricultural machine building and may be used in sowing of crops. A furrow opener comprises a hollow body with a unit of fixation to a leash of a furrow opener bar, a conical disc, a scatterer and a scraper bar. The scatterer is arranged in the form of a drum fixed on the inner side of the disc. The drum comprises sides and blades that form peripheral chambers. A jacket is attached to the end of the hollow body at the side of the scraper bar, and it covers peripheral chambers from the plane of seed and fertiliser mixture fall to the horizontal plane at the level of the front part body axis along with the disc rotation.

EFFECT: invention makes it possible to reduce unevenness of seeds closing depth.

2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to the openers of seeders for sowing crops.

A known device that can perform the seed placement in the soil is a disc coulter with a drum distributor (RU No. 2379874, IPC АСС 7/20, 01/27/2010), which includes a hollow axis and a disk rotating on it with a drum distributor formed from a central and peripheral chambers with blades.

The design disadvantages are the low efficiency of seed distribution by the drum blades due to the codirectional rotation of the drum and disc, as well as unevenness in the depth of seed placement caused by shedding of the soil after the passage of the disc.

The closest in technical essence to the claimed device is the design of a disc coulter for strip sowing (RU No. 2373679, IPC АСС 7/20, 11/27/2009). The coulter consists of a hollow body with an attachment unit to the coulter leash, a conical disk, a diffuser and a bed forger.

This coulter does not provide the necessary uniform distribution of seeds and tufts over the depth of seeding, which leads to uneven emergence of seedlings and, consequently, to a shortage of yield during harvesting.

The proposed device allows to increase the uniformity of the depth of seeding of seeds and fat.

This effect is achieved by the fact that the diffuser is made in the form of a drum, consisting of sidewalls and blades, forming peripheral chambers, mounted on the inner side of the disk, and a drum casing is installed to the end face of the hollow body from the bed forger, which covers the peripheral chambers from the plane of shedding of the grain mixture from the body to a horizontal plane at the level of the axis of the front housing along the rotation of the disk.

The invention is illustrated by drawings.

Figure 1 shows the device, a General view, isometry.

Figure 2 shows the device, the main view.

The single-disc opener contains a cylindrical hollow housing 1 with a conical disk 2 seated on it through the bearing 3. To the housing 1, on one side, a mounting plate 4 is fixed to the drill lead of the drill, and on the other, a stand 5 with a layer 6 and a casing 7. The inlet the mounting side 4 is made on top of the housing, and the second is the outlet, from the side of the rack 5 from the bottom. A closer in the form of a drum 8 with blades 9 and sidewalls 10 is attached to the inner side of the disk 2.

Single disc opener works as follows.

When the coulter moves, the disk 2, rotating on the hollow body 1, shifts the soil and opens the groove, and the bed former 6 widens the furrow and levels its bottom and prepares a strip - a bed for seeds. Seeds in the internal volume of the hollow body 1 through its lower hole fall into the peripheral chambers of the drum-closer 8. The seed fall is limited by the casing 7, which is installed with a minimum clearance with the blades 9. Due to the fastening of the closer drum 8 to the disk 2, it rotates. The blades 9 capturing the seed material move it in the direction of rotation to the open part of the casing 7 in the front of the coulter. Seeds showered from the blades 9 in the zone of formation of the sowing grooves are evenly distributed over the width of the strip.

The supply of seeds to the zone of formation of the sowing grooves allows to reduce the unevenness of the depth of seed placement, which is one of the important indicators for obtaining a high yield.

Claims (1)

A coulter comprising a hollow body with an attachment point to the coulter leash, a conical disk, a diffuser and a bed forger, characterized in that the diffuser is made in the form of a drum consisting of sidewalls and vanes forming peripheral chambers fixed to the inner side of the disk and to the end face of the hollow a housing is fixed on the side of the bed former, covering the peripheral chambers from the plane of shedding from the housing of the grain mixture to the horizontal plane at the level of the axis of the front housing along the rotation ska.

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