RU2422158C1 - Device for sampling fluid from organism - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine. ^ SUBSTANCE: invention relates to medicine, namely to surgery and is intended for sampling fluid (exudate) from its natural depot, or inflammatory nidus, for the purpose of analysis. Device contains flexible hollow tube, inside which installed with possibility of longitudinal travel is piston with handle on proximal end. Handle is provided with graduated scale and thread, made on its external lateral surface, tube is provided with hollow cylinder with internal thread. Piston is made with rounding on distal end. Piston handle is installed inside hollow cylinder with possibility of its external thread interaction with internal thread of cylinder. Length of rod with piston constitutes 1.01-1.05L, where L is tube length. ^ EFFECT: invention makes it possible to ensure sampling both directly from wound cavity and through drainage tube, without causing painful sensations in patient and without sample contamination. ^ 3 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to medicine, namely to surgery, and is intended for the collection of fluid (exudate) from its natural depot, or inflammatory focus, for the purpose of research. The device can also be used in veterinary medicine and biology.

A device for blood sampling for a general analysis from a patient’s finger is made in the form of a graduated glass capillary, the working end of which has a tapered narrowing to be inserted into a deep wound pocket (cavity) (M. Mukhsinov and others. A new method for collecting wound contents for preparation of cytological preparations. // Health of Tajikistan 1988. - No. 4. P.9.1).

Due to the positive pressure created by the exudate accumulated in the wound cavity, it fills the capillary lumen. After this, the exudate can be transferred to a glass slide in order to produce a smear for cytological examination.

However, such a fence can be carried out when the wound is treated in an open way without imposing primary or secondary sutures. That is, when the pockets of the main wound cavity are available for the establishment of a capillary.

Most wounds are treated with suturing and installing drainage tubes in the wound cavity to drain the wound exudate in the postoperative period. With such drainage of the wound cavity, sampling for the production of smears in this way is possible from the collection tank, where the exudate flows. Such exudate may contain tissue detritus, which is undesirable in the preparation of cytoreparative smears, which reduces the information content of studies.

A device for sampling, containing a cylindrical chamber equipped with a piston and a rod. The piston with a rod has a mechanical drive made in the form of a spiral spring placed in a movable cap. One of the ends of the chamber is equipped with a cone-shaped fitting for the nozzle of a removable tube in the form of a tube of inert material with a removable tip equipped with plugs, and the other end of the chamber has a shoulder, a movable cap-stop (Pat. RF No. 2207883, class A61M 1/00, 2003 g.).

However, this device has limited capabilities and is intended only for the selection of a significant amount of material. Using this device, it is impossible to penetrate into the accumulation focus or exudate movement channel, into the narrow fistulous passage or the natural channel of organs and tissues (for example, into the cervical canal) in a non-traumatic way, excluding additional invasion. In addition, due to the lack of a graduated scale, it is also not possible to control the amount of the sample taken.

A device for sampling body fluids containing a flexible hollow tube, inside which is mounted with the possibility of longitudinal movement of the piston with a handle at the proximal end (US Pat. RF No. 2364340, class A61M 1/00, publ. 2009).

However, when aspirating the sample from the cavity, through a hole located on the working end of the flexible tube, the sample partially mixes with the associated exudate, which changes its nativeness and reduces the information content of cytoreparative smears. The device has a limited length and diameter of the tube, which does not allow it to penetrate into the narrow natural channels and fistulas, as well as through drainage tubes installed in organs and tissues.

In addition, the working end of the tube has a slice in the perpendicular plane, which complicates the movement of the tube through the tissues. The absence of overlapping holes at the end of the tube makes it possible for trace material to enter its cavity when the tube is advanced through the body. The absence of a graduated scale for determining the volume of a sample makes it difficult to conduct a microbiological quantitative analysis using a semi-quantitative counting technique. These disadvantages significantly reduce the effectiveness and scope of this device.

In accordance with this, the authors set a task aimed at improving the efficiency and quality of fluid sampling or inflammatory exudate, as well as expanding the functionality of the device by conducting fluid sampling from both accessible pockets of the wound cavity and through a drainage tube for the outflow of wound exudate, established in the wound cavity in the postoperative period. This will provide continuous monitoring of all phases of the regenerative process in the tissues of the lesion (alteration, destructive or purulent, reorganization, reorganization and scarring) throughout the entire treatment period.

This task is achieved by the fact that in a device for sampling body fluids containing a flexible hollow tube, inside which a rod with a handle at the proximal end is mounted with the possibility of longitudinal movement, it is proposed to provide the handle with a graduated scale and a thread made on its outer side surface, the tube a hollow cylinder with an internal thread, and the piston rod with a rounding at the distal end, while the piston handle is installed inside the hollow cylinder with the possibility of interaction of its external thread with the inside renney threaded cylinder, and the piston rod length perform 1,01-1,05L, where L - length of the tube.

In this case, the rod is made of flexible radiopaque material, and the handle is cylindrical.

Figure 1 shows the device is a General view in section.

Figure 2 shows a tube - a General view in section.

Figure 3 shows the piston is a General view in section.

The proposed device consists of a flexible tube 1 made of a polymeric material with an outer diameter of 0.15-2.0 mm. Tube 1 is made with channel 2 along its entire length and is intended to be inserted into the wound cavity through the lumen of the drainage tube or into the fistula and so on. Channel 2 has a circular cross-section in diameter and is designed to accommodate a rod 3 made of X-ray contrast material, such as flexible metal. The rod 3 at the proximal end is equipped with a cylindrical handle 4 having a graduated scale 5 and a thread 6 made on its outer side surface. At the distal end, the rod 3 is equipped with a piston 7, rounded in the upper part and providing grinding of the rod 3 to the walls of the channel 2 of the tube 1. Due to this mechanism, the effect of rarefaction inside the tube and suction of exudate into the channel of the tube when moving the piston is achieved. In this case, the length of the rod 3 with the piston 6 is 1.01-1.05 L, where L is the length of the tube 1. This design ensures that the channel 2 of the tube 1 is closed while moving it to the focus, which avoids premature exudation in the lumen of the tube. The execution of the distal end of the piston 6 rounded provides better patency of the device through the lumen of the drainage installed in the wound filled with detritus and exudate. The tube 1 is equipped with a hollow cylinder 8 with an internal thread 9. In this case, the handle 4 of the rod 3 is installed inside the hollow cylinder 8 with the possibility of interaction of its external thread 6 with the internal thread 9 of the cylinder.

The device operates as follows.

The device is assembled into the lumen of the drainage, fistula emanating from the lesion or a puncture needle installed in the lesion. Then the device 1 is advanced into the focus inside the lumen of the drainage, needle or fistula to the desired level where the exudate is located. When untwisting the handle 4, the reverse translational movement of the rod 3 with the piston 7 creates a vacuum inside the tube 1, which contributes to the absorption of exudate into the lumen of the tube. The amount of exudate taken is controlled on a graduated scale 5. The device avoids filling tube 1 with physiological saline and associated material when the device is inserted into the outbreak. Remove by pulling on the handle 4. When removing the device 1 from the lumen of the drainage, needle or fistula, a drop of exudate is transferred to a glass slide to produce a smear. The proposed device can be used in the mode of introducing fluid into the outbreak for therapeutic and diagnostic purposes.

The use of this device will increase the effectiveness of diagnostic and treatment measures and control of the focus during all phases of inflammation.

Claims (3)

1. A device for sampling body fluids containing a flexible hollow tube, inside of which a piston with a handle at the proximal end is mounted with the possibility of longitudinal movement, characterized in that the handle is equipped with a graduated scale and a thread made on its outer side surface, the tube is a hollow cylinder with an internal thread, and a piston with a rounding at the distal end, while the piston handle is installed inside the hollow cylinder with the possibility of interaction of its external thread with the internal thread of the cylinder and, as the piston stem length is 1,01-1,05 L, where L - length of the tube. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the piston is made of radiopaque material. 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the handle has a cylindrical shape.

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