RU2416869C1 - Method of generating energy and device to this end - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: physics. ^ SUBSTANCE: in the method of generating energy, involving a disc-shaped conducting body in a magnetic field with angular velocity ë, the magnetic field used has current frequency of 50-25000 Hz, magnetic field strength of 200-1000 kA/m and the specific heating power released is determined using a formula. The device for generating energy has an electric motor mounted on a shaft and a disc-shaped body placed in a chamber with possibility of rotating in the magnetic field. Magnets are placed inside the chamber, surround the disc on two sides and form groups of magnets lying along the radius of the disc. The device is also fitted with inductors, alternating frequency power sources, direct current power sources, direct current control devices, alternating current control devices, a rotational frequency control device, a rotational frequency sensor and other devices. ^ EFFECT: generating heat energy in a rotating conducting body and heating it to a given temperature distribution. ^ 4 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of theoretical and experimental physics and is intended to produce energy by rotating parts in a magnetic field, in particular by induction heating of rotating parts in electrothermal heat, and can be used in energy and heat treatment and strength testing of parts in mechanical engineering.

A heating device [1] is known, comprising magnets mounted on the periphery of the disks, a chamber inside which the disks are located, an electric motor, on the shaft of which the disks are mounted.

The device is designed for uniform heating of a liquid or solid medium from rotating disks heated in a magnetic field. The device has the following disadvantages. It has a reduced rotational speed due to the limited strength of the connection of magnets with disks in the field of centrifugal forces. The main disadvantage of the device is the inability to heat the disk to obtain a given uneven temperature distribution along its radius.

A known method of producing energy [2], which consists in the fact that they form a saturating magnetic field on a certain space interval L for a ferromagnetically viscous substance, which is promoted in a specified space interval with a certain velocity V, the value of which is consistent with the time constant τ of the magnetic viscosity of a ferromagnetically viscous substance, for example according to the formula L / V≈2.5τ, as a result of which mechanical energy is obtained in the form of an additional impulse of force applied to the ferromagnetically viscous substance from the side of the pump protective magnetic field.

This method has disadvantages. The technical result of the method consists in obtaining the energy of the rotational motion of the body, made only of ferromagnetically viscous substances. The method is not intended to produce thermal energy and a given temperature distribution in the body.

Closest to the technical nature of the claimed invention is a method [3] for obtaining energy in a conductive body in the form of a disk, which consists in moving it into a magnetic field with an angular velocity ω, as a result of which thermal energy is generated that is released in the disk to stabilize the temperature in a closed volume .

The method is implemented in the device [3], containing a magnet located on one side of the disk, a thermostat chamber, inside which there is a disk, an electric motor, on the shaft of which the disk is mounted. In order to simplify the design and increase reliability in the device, the heater is made in the form of a disk of ferromagnetic material.

When using the specified device for heating rotating parts, disadvantages arise. There is no possibility of heating the disk to obtain a given temperature distribution in the radial direction. The use of a magnet at elevated temperatures can lead to a loss of its properties, and the use of a low-speed electric motor can lead to a low efficiency in the production of thermal energy.

The technical problem solved by the invention consists in obtaining thermal energy in a rotating conductive body and heating it to a predetermined temperature distribution.

The problem is solved in that in the known method of generating energy, which consists in moving a conductive body in the form of a disk in a magnetic field with an angular velocity ω, a magnetic field is selected with a frequency of current of 50 ÷ 25000 Hz, magnetic field strength of 200 ÷ 1000 kA / m, released at this specific heating power p is determined by the formula

p / p ₀ = b ₀ · exp (b ₁ · υ),

where p ₀ is the specific heating power at υ = 0,

where υ = ω · r (m / s) is the linear velocity of the portion of the conducting body located at a distance r from the center of rotation,

r is the radius of the disk,

at the same time choose b ₀ = 0.05 ÷ 1.00

b ₁ = 0,00035 ÷ 0,00040.

The problem is also solved by the fact that in the known device for generating energy, containing a conductive body in the form of a disk mounted on a shaft of an electric motor and located in a chamber with the possibility of rotation in a magnet field, the magnets are located inside the chamber, covering the disk on both sides, and form magnetic groups, located along the radius of the disk, the device is additionally equipped with inductors, variable frequency power supplies, DC power supplies, DC control devices, devices AC control, speed control device, speed sensor, information input device, temperature sensors, information transfer device, vacuum pump, and the inductors are located at different distances from the center of the disk from its two sides, forming the first, located closer to the edges of the disk, and the second, located closer to the center of the disk, the group of inductors, the outputs of the AC power supplies are connected to the first group of inductors, the outputs of the DC power supplies are connected to the second group of inductors, temperature sensors also form groups that are installed on both sides of the disk, while the temperature sensors of the first group are located on the disk in the zone of the inductors of the first group, the temperature sensors of the second group are located on the disk in the zone of the inductors of the second group, the temperature sensors of the third group are on the disk in the area of the magnets, the outputs of the first group of temperature sensors are connected to the inputs of the AC control devices and the information input device through the information transfer device, and to the outputs the outputs of the second group of temperature sensors through the information transfer device are connected to the inputs of the AC control devices and the inputs of the direct current control devices and the information input device, and the inputs of the direct current power supplies and the output of the frequency sensor are connected to the outputs of the DC control devices the rotation is connected to the speed control device and the information input device, and the output of the speed control device to the input of the electric motor For, the output of the vacuum pump is connected to the camera, the outputs of the information input device are connected to the inputs of the AC and DC control devices and to the speed control device.

In addition, the electric motor in the device is made high-speed.

In addition, the magnets are made of samarium-cobalt alloys.

Figure 1 shows a device for heating a rotating disk.

Figure 2 shows the dependence of the allocated heating power on the speed.

The device for heating a rotating disk in figure 1 contains magnets 1 and 2, inductors of the first 3, located closer to the edges of the disk, and the second 4, located closer to the center of the disk 5, groups, electric motor 6, shaft 7, camera 8, current power sources variable frequency 9, DC power supplies 10, AC control devices 11, DC control devices 12, speed control device 13, speed sensor 14, temperature sensors of the first group 15 are located in the area of the inductors of the first group 3, the sensors perature of the second group 16 are arranged in the region of the inductors of the second group 4, temperature sensors of the third group of magnets 17 are disposed in zone 1, 2, vacuum pump 18, the information transmission device 19, the device information 20 input.

Magnets 1 and 2, inductors of the first 3 and second 4 groups are located on both sides of the disk 5, the outputs of the variable frequency current power supplies 9 are connected to the first group of inductors 3, the outputs of the DC power supplies 10 are connected to the second group of inductors 4, to the inputs of the control devices the alternating current 11 and the input device 20 the outputs of the first group of temperature sensors 17 are connected (the connection is not indicated in Fig. 1), and the outputs of the AC control devices 11 are connected to the inputs of the variable frequency current power sources 9, the outputs of the second group of temperature sensors 16 are connected to the inputs of the DC control devices 12 and the input device 20 (connection is not indicated in FIG. 1), and the inputs of the DC power supplies 10 to the outputs of the DC control devices 12, the output the speed sensor 14 is connected to the speed control device 13, the output of the latter is connected to the input of the electric motor 6, the output of the vacuum pump 18 is connected to the camera 8, the outputs of the information input device 20 are connected to the inputs of the control devices AC 11 and 10 DC, temperature sensors of the first group 15 are located on the disk in the area of inductors 3 of the first group, temperature sensors 16 of the second group are located on the disk in the area of inductors 4 of the second group, temperature sensors 17 of the third group are located on the disk in the area of magnets 1 and 2.

A device for generating energy in a rotating disk operates as follows.

The specified maximum and minimum rotational speeds and predetermined temperatures at different radii of the disk are introduced into the information input device 20, including, for example, the maximum temperature at the rim of the disk and the minimum temperature at the hub of the disk, and the time to reach the maximum speed. Also, predetermined maximum and minimum frequencies of the alternating current are introduced into the device 20.

The heating time to a predetermined temperature distribution, for example, is equal to the time to reach the maximum speed.

It turns on the vacuum pump and air is pumped out of the chamber. The residual air pressure of 0.05 atm is set in the chamber. A signal from the information input device 20 is supplied to the speed control device 13. Under the control of the device 13, the electric motor 6 smoothly increases the speed of the disk. In the areas of the rotating disk, where magnets 1 and 2 are installed, thermal energy is generated due to eddy currents, and it increases with increasing speed and when it reaches a certain speed, it becomes significant. In these areas, the disc starts to heat up. Measuring signals from temperature sensors 15, 16 and 17 through the information transfer device 19 are sent to the device 20. When the minimum temperature of the disk is reached, the device 20 sends signals to the control devices of alternating current 11 and direct current 12, which include power sources of current 9 of variable frequency 9 and DC 10. In the areas of the disk where the inductors of the first group 3 and the second group 4 are installed, thermal energy is generated. Eddy currents are induced from the inductors of the first group 3 in the corresponding zones of the disk due to the frequency of the alternating current (conventional induction heating) and additional eddy currents due to changes in the magnetic flux during rotation of the disk. From the inductors of the second group 4, through which direct current flows, eddy currents are induced only by changing the magnetic flux, as well as from magnets. Depending on the current disk temperatures, the AC control devices 11 and DC 12 control AC 9 and DC 10 power sources that change the heating power in the inductors of the first 3 and second 4 groups, taking into account convective heat transfer. When reaching the maximum speed using a controlled heating power in the inductors of the first 3 and second 4 groups and taking into account the use of magnets 1 and 2, a predetermined temperature distribution over the radius of the disk is achieved (given temperatures at different radii of the disk).

The developed device according to the proposed method of generating energy was implemented on an accelerating bench when the disk for a gas turbine engine with a diameter of 400 mm was heated to a predetermined temperature distribution (maximum and minimum temperatures - 550 ° and 300 ° C. Maximum and minimum speed - 70,000 and 30,000 rpm The heating time was 5-10 minutes. A mercury current collector was used as a current collector. A high-speed AC induction motor was used as an electric motor. lzovany samarium-cobalt magnets, which possess a unique combination of high magnetic properties, corrosion resistance and stability at high temperatures up to 350 ° C. As used thermocouples chromel-alumel thermocouple.

Figure 2 shows the dependence of the additional heating power in the zone of the disk on the speed during induction heating of the specified disk at a current frequency of 2400 Hz.

The set speed may be between 70,000 and 30,000 rpm.

Using the proposed invention during cyclic tests of this disk with heating due to the release of additional thermal energy, a decrease in the electric power consumption of 5000 kW · h was obtained.

When using the invention proposed by the authors in comparison with the prototype in the fields of mechanical engineering and power engineering on booster stands and special installations, their efficiency can be improved by increasing the accuracy of creating a given uniform or uneven temperature distribution along the radius of the rotating disks made of different metal materials, upon receipt of additional thermal energy (increasing the component of the heating power due to the rotation of the disk) in electromagnetic fields, we create magnets and inductors operating on direct current and currents of different frequencies. In addition, increasing the heating efficiency is ensured by expanding the range of rotational speeds and properties of magnets.

Information sources

1. Kamal Olavi. Apparatus and method for heating a fluid by induction heating. US Patent No. 5914065.

2. Smaller O.F. A method of producing energy and a device for its implementation. Patent RU No. 2332778. 2008.

3. Belozerov A.P. Thermostat. A.S. No. 279117. 1970. Bull. No. 26.

Claims (4)

1. A method of generating energy, which consists in moving a conducting body in the form of a disk in a magnetic field with an angular velocity ω, characterized in that a magnetic field is selected with a current frequency of 50 ÷ 25000 Hz, a magnetic field of 200 ÷ 1000 kA / m, the specific heating power p is determined by the formula
p / p ₀ = b ₀ · exp (b ₁ · υ),
where p ₀ is the specific heating power at υ = 0,
where υ = ω · r (m / s) is the linear velocity of a portion of a conducting body located at a distance r from the center of rotation,
r is the radius of the disk,
wherein b ₀ = 0.05 ÷ 1.00;
b ₁ = 0,00035 ÷ 0,00040. 2. A device for generating energy, comprising a disk-shaped conductive body mounted on a shaft of an electric motor and arranged in a chamber to rotate in a magnet field in a magnet field, characterized in that the magnets are located inside the chamber, covering the disk on both sides, and form magnetic groups located along radius of the disk, and is additionally equipped with inductors, variable frequency power supplies, DC power supplies, DC control devices, AC control devices, devices rotation speed control, speed sensor, information input device, information transfer sensors, vacuum pump, and the inductors are located at different distances from the center of the disk from two of its sides, forming the first, located closer to the edges of the disk, and the second, located closer to the center disk, groups of inductors, outputs of AC power supplies are connected to the first group of inductors, outputs of DC power supplies are connected to the second group of inductors, temperature sensors are also an image groups are installed on both sides of the disk, while the temperature sensors of the first group are located on the disk in the zone of the inductors of the first group, the temperature sensors of the second group are located on the disk in the zone of the inductors of the second group, the temperature sensors of the third group are located on the disk in the zone of magnets, to the inputs outputs of the AC control devices and information input devices, the outputs of the first group of temperature sensors are connected through the information transmission device, and the inputs of the sources are connected to the outputs of the AC control devices the AC power supply, the outputs of the second group of temperature sensors are connected to the inputs of the DC control devices and the information input device through the information transmission device, and the DC power supply inputs are connected to the outputs of the DC control devices, the output of the speed sensor is connected to the speed control device and information input device, and the output of the speed control device to the input of the electric motor, the output of the vacuum pump is connected to the camera, the outputs of the device The two information inputs are connected to the inputs of the AC and DC control devices and to the speed control device. 3. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that the electric motor is made high-speed. 4. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that the magnets are made of samarium-cobalt alloys.

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