RU2411420C1 - Condensation hot water boiler - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: heating. ^ SUBSTANCE: condensation hot water boiler includes radiation, adiabatic and contact recuperative parts. Radiation part is hot-water fire-tube boiler. Contact recuperative part has flue gas exhaust branch pipe, drop catcher, tubular heat exchanger with cold water supply branch pipes and hot water discharge branch pipes for hot water supply, as well as support distribution grid, and they are all located one above the other in one and the same housing. Radiation part is located horizontally, and adiabatic part connecting radiation part to contact recuperative part has header with nozzles, buffer capacity to control condensate level and the partition separating adiabatic part into dry and wet zones. ^ EFFECT: enlarging the boiler application area. ^ 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to heating equipment and hot water supply, in particular to the field of hot water boilers of small and medium heat output, and can be used for heat supply of residential, public and industrial buildings and structures.

Contact-surface hot water boilers are known. In particular, a hot water boiler, comprising a housing with a flue gas outlet channel and condensate discharge nozzles, while in the lower part of the housing there is a radiation zone consisting of an inner cylinder with a burner equipped with fuel and air supply nozzles, and an external cylinder with supply and exhaust nozzles heated water. The cylinders are mounted concentrically and form an inter-wall annular gap for the flow of heated water in direct flow with respect to the flow of flue gases. In the upper part of the casing, a tubular heat exchanger is installed, made in the form of a tube bundle for passing the heated water from top to bottom in countercurrent with respect to a two-phase gas-liquid upward flow and its removal from the bottom of the tube bundle for heating in the radiation zone, a support and distribution grid with condensate supply pipes to nozzles, a droplet eliminator, water traps for condensate return installed at the same height as the tube bundle, as well as a condensate tank with a droplet-breaking cone and a shell (see pa RF tent No. 2176766, IPC F24H 1/00, 1/10, 2001) - analogue.

The disadvantages of this solution are the low efficiency when feeding reverse boiler water with a temperature of 50-70 ° C, the narrow scope of its application, as well as the large dimensions and mass of the heating surfaces of the radiation part.

The closest analogue of the claimed invention is a boiler containing a radiation part, consisting of an inner cylinder, a burner equipped with nozzles for supplying fuel and air, and an outer cylinder mounted concentrically to the inner with the formation of an interwall ring gap, as well as located under each other and enclosed in a separate housing flue gas outlet pipe, droplet eliminator, tubular heat exchanger, support distribution grid and manifold with nozzles that make up the contact recuperative part. The radiation part and the contact-regenerative part are placed in parallel, the inner cylinder is made with an inner bottom and is equipped with an annular upper tube sheet. The holes of the annular upper tube sheet located along its periphery are made in concentric circles. An inner cover with an axial hole is rigidly attached to the outer side surface of the annular upper tube sheet from the top, and a nozzle with a burner is rigidly attached to the edges of it. An annular lower tube sheet is attached to the lower base of the outer cylinder. An outer bottom is attached to the edges of the central hole of the annular lower tube sheet from below, from which the heating water supply pipe departs. An outer cover with an axial hole is attached to the upper base of the outer cylinder, and a cylindrical shell tightly connected to the burner nozzle is rigidly attached to its edges from above. A heating water discharge pipe is fixed on the surface of the shell, the outer and inner covers, as well as the cylindrical shell and the burner pipe, form an inter-wall space. In the inter-wall annular gap formed by the outer and inner cylinders, a bundle of smoke tubes is mounted attached to the edges of the coaxial holes in the upper and lower tube sheets. A pipe for supplying cold water and a pipe for draining heated water to hot water are fixed on the tubular heat exchanger. The radiation and contact-regenerative parts are interconnected via detachably attached to the lower annular tube sheet and to the lower part of the housing of the contact-regenerative part of a closed fluid collector equipped with a nozzle connected to the fluid supply line connected to the collector (see RF patent No. 2270405, IPC F24H 1/00, 1/10, 2006) - prototype.

A disadvantage of the known solution is the need for special burners, because most of the produced burners do not allow the working position “burner above the torch”.

The objective of the invention is to expand the scope of the boiler due to the possibility of using any burner devices corresponding to the power of the boiler.

This is achieved by the fact that the condensation hot water boiler contains radiation, adiabatic and contact-regenerative parts, while the radiation part, which is a hot-water fire tube boiler, consists of internal and external cylinders installed coaxially with the formation of an interwall ring gap, with smoke tubes located in it , the bottoms of the outer and inner cylinders on one side have coaxial holes in which a pipe with a flange for connecting the burner is mounted, contact the cuperative part has flue gas exhaust pipes located below each other in the same housing, a droplet eliminator, a tubular heat exchanger with pipes for supplying cold water and removing heated water to hot water supply, as well as a support and distribution grid, while the radiation part is horizontal and the adiabatic part connecting radiation and contact-regenerative parts, has a collector with nozzles, a buffer tank for regulating the level of condensate and a partition dividing the adiabatic part into “Dry” and “wet” zones.

The difference of the claimed device from the prototype:

1. The horizontal location of the radiation part.

2. The presence of partitions, “dry” and “wet” zones of the adiabatic part.

3. The presence of a buffer tank.

The above differences provide the advantages of the claimed device over the prototype:

1. The presence of a "dry" zone allows arbitrary orientation of the radiation part.

2. The horizontal location of the radiation part allows any burner devices used with traditional boilers to be used with a condensing boiler.

3. The presence of a buffer tank allows you to maintain the level of condensate during a sharp shutdown of the boiler.

The proposed condensing boiler is shown in the drawings.

Figure 1 shows an axial longitudinal section of the boiler, figure 2 is a view a of figure 1, figure 3 is a section bB of figure 1.

The device has the following main parts and components.

The radiation part (RF) contains: 1 - the inner cylinder, 2 - the outer cylinder, 3 - the bottom of the inner cylinder, 4 - the bottom of the outer cylinder, 5 - the nozzle with the flange, 6 - the burner, 7 - the tube sheet-flange with pair of holes for installation smoke pipes and openings for the circulation of heating water, 8 - smoke pipes, 9 - the inner bottom, 10 - the outer bottom, 11 - the supply pipe, 12 - output pipe;

The adiabatic part (AC) contains: 13 - a housing, 14 - a partition dividing the AC into "dry" and "wet" zones, 15 - a buffer tank, 16 - a drain pipe, 17 - nozzles, 18, 19 - support distribution grids, 20 - condensate circulation pump.

The contact-recuperative part (CRC) contains: 21 - a housing, 22 - a tubular heat exchanger, 23 - a supply pipe, 24 - a discharge pipe, 25 - a droplet eliminator, 26 - a flue gas pipe, 27 - a manifold, 28 - a pipe connecting the collector 27 with the cavity of the “wet” zone of the adiabatic part.

The inventive device operates as follows. The condensate collection tank for the adiabatic part (AF) is pre-filled with technical water from any source, which during the operation of the unit is replaced by water vapor condensate continuously produced in the contact-regenerative part (RCH), and the return part is supplied to the radiation part (RF) through the supply pipe 11 network water. At the same time, cold water is supplied into the tube bundle of the tubular heat exchanger 22 through the inlet pipe 23. Next, fuel, for example natural gas, is supplied to the burner 6, and at the same time, a condensate circulation pump 20 is turned on, which supplies process water (condensate) to the nozzles 17. The combustion products of the fuel, passing first through the inner cylinder 1, by means of radiation heat exchange, and then through the smoke tubes 8, rigidly mounted on the annular tube sheet-flange 7, by means of convective heat exchange, the heating network water is supplied through the pipe 11 to the interwall space formed by the external and internal the early bottoms, respectively 10 and 9 and then passing in the inter-wall annular gap countercurrent to the gas flow in the smoke tubes 8, to the required temperature of the direct heating water. Hot water passing in the inter-wall space formed by the inner 1 and outer 2 cylinders, as well as their bottoms, respectively 3 and 4, cools the walls of the inner cylinder 1 of the bottom 3 and the nozzle of the burner 5 and is sent to the heat consumer through the outlet pipe 12. The flue gases through the smoke tubes 8 exit from the side of the radiation part, pass the “dry” zone of the adiabatic part, and, passing through the “wet” zone, they first come in contact with drops of condensate of water vapor in the nozzle torches 17 and, entraining part of the condensate, transfer it to the support -distribution gratings 18 and 19. Where does phase inversion take place: gas from the continuous phase (under the gratings) turns into dispersed (above the gratings), and the condensate vice versa: from dispersed (under the gratings) it becomes continuous (above the gratings).

Thus, an emulsion two-phase gas-condensate upward flow is formed above the grate 18, which washes the outer surface of the pipes of the tubular heat exchanger 22, transferring the physical heat of gases and the heat of condensation of water vapor to heated water for hot water supplied through the pipe 23 to the tubular heat exchanger 22 and passing through the latter countercurrent with respect to the flow of flue gases.

Further, in the droplet eliminator 25, condensate is separated from the gas stream: the condensate through the collector 27 through the condensate return pipe 28 returns to the “wet” zone of the adiabatic part (AC), and the gases freed from the droplets of condensate in the droplet eliminator 25 are removed from the apparatus through the branch pipe flue gases 26.

From the condensate collecting tank of the adiabatic part (AC), the condensate, discharged through the pipe 16, is again pumped to the nozzles 17 by the pump 20, and the excess condensate is removed from the apparatus through the buffer tank 15. Hot water for hot water supply, heated in a contact-regenerative tubular heat exchanger 22 parts (CRP), through the pipe 24 is supplied to the consumer.

The proposed hot water boiler in comparison with the prototype has a wider scope, because does not require special burners, in addition, the design of the radiation part allows you to reduce the size and weight of the heating surfaces of the radiation part.

Claims (1)

A condensation hot-water boiler containing radiation, adiabatic and contact-regenerative parts, in which the radiation part, which is a hot-water fire tube boiler, consists of an inner and outer cylinder installed coaxially with the formation of an interwall ring gap, with smoke tubes located in it, the bottoms of the outer and the inner cylinders on one side have coaxial holes in which a pipe with a flange for connecting the burner is installed, the contact-regenerative part has a flue gas outlet pipe, a droplet eliminator, a tubular heat exchanger with nozzles for supplying cold water and the removal of heated water to hot water, and a support and distribution grid, which is differentiated in that the radiation part is horizontal and the adiabatic part connecting the radiation and contact-regenerative parts, has a collector with nozzles, a buffer tank for regulating the level of condensate and a partition dividing the adiabatic part into "dry "And" wet "zones.

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