RU2409218C2 - Method of egg cross feeding - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: food industry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agriculture and may be used in egg cross hens feeding. The method involves introduction of a biologically active additive to the basic diet in a quantity of 50 g per 1 kg of mixed fodder. The biologically active additive is represented by "Protamin" yeast hydrolysate.

EFFECT: invention implementation allows to enhance productivity and quality of production manufactured, in particular - to increase egg-laying qualities, egg breeding efficiency and hatchability, to ensure livestock preservation and young stock vitality as well as extension of the available biologically active additives range.

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Description

The invention relates to agriculture and can be used in feeding poultry of egg crosses.

Feeding has a decisive influence on the course of metabolic processes in the body of the bird, its health and, as a consequence, on the quantity and quality of the products obtained. The nutritional value of the combined feed should be characterized by the same set of indicators as the physiological need of the bird. Lack or excess of essential nutrients in the feed (imbalance) changes the course of biochemical processes in the body, reduces productivity and can cause diseases.

When feeding poultry, egg crosses should be used carefully balanced in exchange energy, nutrient and biologically active substances of feed for the formation of biologically complete eggs.

Biologically active additives (BAA) are being increasingly used in poultry farming as an additional source of certain nutrients in the preparation of diets balanced for all components. The advantage of these additives is that they can be detailed depending on the physiological needs of the bird: to increase egg production, egg quality, rapid growth, preservation, and the maximum ability to deposit meat and fat.

The most preferred dietary supplements of natural origin are waste products from agricultural and food industries.

Known use as a natural dietary supplement - liquid feed yeast [1]. Liquid fodder yeast obtained from non-traditional fodder culture - Sakhalin buckwheat, was used for fattening chickens for meat. The disadvantages of this additive are the short shelf life, inconvenience of transportation.

It is known to use alcohol stillage in the diet of laying hens [2]. The result is an increase in production and economic indicators. In the production of dry distillery vinasse, water-soluble vitamins are lost, this limits its use in the feeding of egg chickens of the parent herd.

Betafin-S1 belongs to dietary supplements of natural origin. It is produced industrially by the Danish company Danisko Animal Nutrile from molasses of sugar beets [3]. The active basis of this additive is betaine (up to 96%) and its activity is determined mainly by the properties of betaine. This makes it ineffective for use in the feeding of egg chickens of the parent herd. In addition, Betafin-S1 is produced abroad.

Proper feeding of the hens of the parent herd is the key to the full development of the embryo. For good productivity and viability of the eggs of the parent herd during the laying period, in addition to increasing feed intake and increasing their nutritional value, it is necessary to provide them with biologically active substances and primarily vitamins.

The technical result is to increase the productivity and quality of the products obtained, expanding the range of biologically active additives in the diet.

This is achieved by introducing into the diet of egg crosses as a biologically active additive of the natural product “Protamine” - a yeast hydrolyzate obtained by the method of “soft” enzymatic hydrolysis of yeast biomass of baker's or brewer's yeast with a selected complex of hydrolytic enzymes. The method of obtaining "Protamine" is protected by RU 2104300. The characteristics of "Protamine" are presented in tables 1 and 2.

Table 1 Chemical and amino acid composition of Protamine Name of indicator Content% Crude protein 45.0 Fats 3,5 Cellulose 7.9 Digestible carbohydrates 5,6 Polysaccharides 16.7 Ash 7.6 Amino acids: Threonine 4.6 Valine 5.7 Methionine 1.8 Isoleucine 4.3 Leucine 7.2 Phenylalanine 4.7 Lysine 10.1 Tryptophan 1,1 Aspartic acid 7.9 Glutamic acid 9,4 Serine 4.7 Glycine 3.6 Alanine 5,0 Cysteine 1,6 Tyrosine 2.5 Histidine 1,2 Arginine 6.7 Proline 3,7 Minerals: Potassium 1.8 Calcium 0.1 Phosphorus 3.6 Sodium 0.13 Iron 0.007 Magnesium 0.4 Silicon 0.12 Sulfur 0,03

table 2 Nutritional composition of Protamine Name of indicator Content, mg% Vitamins: Thiamine (B ₁ ) 6.0 Riboflavin (B ₂ ) 4.0 Pyridoxine (B ₆ ) 5,0 Pantothenic acid (B ₃ ) 17,2 Folic Acid (B ₉ ) 2.7 Niacin (PP) 65.0 Para-aminobenzoic acid (H ₁ ) 4.9 Biotin 0.15 Inositol 27.4 Ergosterol (Provitamin D) 21.5 Trace elements: Copper 0.05 Chlorine 20,0 Aluminum 5,0 Selenium 0.2

Yeast hydrolyzate "Protamine" (Certificate of State Reg. No. 77.99.26.9. U.5708.7.07 of 07/18/2007) contains a complete set of essential and non-essential amino acids, B vitamins, ergosterol, important macro- and trace elements and other biologically active substances, does not contain any additives and preservatives. “Protamine” is a product with a wide range of effects on the body of farm animals, including poultry, as it helps to improve digestion, protein metabolism in the body; activation of the body's immune system; increase resistance to adverse environmental factors.

The effectiveness of the use of the proposed biologically active additives in the diet of chickens was investigated in ZAO Vostok Agrofirm JV Svetly of the Volgograd Region. According to the analogue principle, two groups of chickens of the parent flock of the Highsex Brown cross were formed, 30 animals each. The conditions of detention throughout the experiment were the same for both groups. The experiment began with the preparatory period, during which the birds of both groups were fed equally. Then, for 30 days, the hens of the control group received a standard diet, and the hens of the experimental group were supplemented with the yeast hydrolyzate Protamine in the amount of 50 g per 1 kg of feed.

When rationing the feeding of poultry per 100 g of dry mix, the nutritional value of the feed is evaluated comprehensively by a large number of indicators, including all vitamin and mineral microadditives. The actual intake of nutrients into the body of a bird is regulated by the daily feed rate. With this standardization, the quality of the consumed compound feeds, their balance across all the batteries, is especially important. In this regard, it is recommended to balance the nutritional value of the feed by metabolic energy, crude protein, 11 essential amino acids, calcium, phosphorus, sodium, manganese, iron, zinc, copper, cobalt and iodine, by vitamins A, D ₃ , E, B ₂ , pantothenic , nicotinic, folic acids, choline and vitamin B ₁₂ [4]. With this in mind, recommendations were developed for rationing the feeding of poultry, reflected in the tables for each species, age, and productivity of the bird. The optimal and maximum allowable norms of some feed in compound feeds are determined. The optimal amount of hydrolytic yeast is in the range of 5-6% of the feed, the maximum is 10% [5]. Guided by these boundaries, taking into account the chemical and amino acid composition of Protamine, the optimal amount of the added supplement is 50 g per 1 kg of feed, calculated and empirically determined. At less than 50 g per 1 kg of feed, the ration of the diet is not achieved and, accordingly, achieving a high technical result, more than 50 g per 1 kg is economically unprofitable, since the high biological activity of Protamine ensures a high technical result at a dosage of 50 g.

During the experiment, egg productivity and livestock safety were taken into account; at the end of the experiment, the quality and fertility of the eggs were determined. The results are shown in table 3.

Table 3 The main results of the experiment Indicators Group control experienced The safety of the livestock,% 96.67 one hundred Egg production,% 96.27 97.19 Fertility% 98.18 98.55 Hatchability of day old chickens,% 81.76 82.56 Egg content: vitamins, mg / 100 g BUT 0.40 0.44 E 2.7 4.4 In ₁ 0.94 1,50 In ₂ 2.0 2.1 carotenoids, mg / 100 g 0.12 0.45 selenium, mcg / 100 g 0.09 0.14

As can be seen from the table, the safety of hens was high in both groups, but in the experimental one, this indicator reached 100%. The egg production of hens of the experimental group compared with the control increased by 0.92%. As a result of research, a direct relationship was found between the feeding of Protamine and an increase not only in egg production, but also in their quality. In particular, there was a tendency toward an increase in the egg of carotenoids by 275%, selenium by 55.56%, vitamins A, E, B ₁ , B ₂ by 10%, 62.96%, 59.57% and 5%, respectively. The rate of fertilization of hatching eggs, as well as the rate of hatchability of day-old chickens, increased by 0.37 and 0.8%, respectively, compared with the control group.

Thus, the use of Protamine in the diet of laying hens has a positive effect on the bird's body, thereby increasing egg production, fertility and hatchability of hatching eggs. An increase in livestock safety and an improvement in the viability of young stocks are also noted.

INFORMATION SOURCES

1. Tmenov I. Liquid feed yeast - a source of protein / I. Tmenov, V. Tsugkieva, L. Tokhtieva // Poultry farming. - 2006. - No. 4. - S.33.

2. Pelevina G. Alcohol bard in compound feed for laying hens / G. Pelevina // Poultry farming. - 2006. - No. 10. - P.41.

3. Demidova O. Natural dietary supplement to feed / O. Demidova // Poultry farming. - 2006. - No. 4. - S.31.

4. Reference. Industrial poultry farming. Kolos, 1971, pp. 122-150.

5. Zabolotnikov A.A. "Reference poultry breeder." Moscow Worker, 1978, pp. 125-126.

Claims (1)

A method of feeding chicken crosses of eggs, which involves introducing a biologically active additive into the main diet, characterized in that the yeast hydrolyzate Protamine is used as a biologically active additive in an amount of 50 g per 1 kg of feed.