RU2407973C1 - Small arms - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weapons and ammunition. ^ SUBSTANCE: arms include barrel receiver and movable spring-loaded barrel in direction of recoil/run-up, in the breech piece of which there are action supports. Arms include spring-loaded bolt carrier assembly with bolt, which has the possibility of axial movement and is installed in barrel receiver. Bolt includes reciprocal action supports and pin which interacts with spiral slot on bolt carrier assembly. The latter includes closed spiral slot in which there is the pin of the bolt which projects beyond the perimetre of the bolt carrier assembly. Upper wall of barrel receiver includes tracer template with spiral surface, which has the possibility of interacting with projection part of the barrel pin at barrel recoil. Spiral surfaces on tracer template and in bolt carrier assembly are of opposite direction. Upper inner wall of barrel receiver includes the guide plank with possibility of interacting with the bolt pin at recoil/run-up of the bolt carrier assembly with bolt. ^ EFFECT: simplifying the arms design at providing operability in all operating conditions. ^ 5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of weapons and can be used in various weapons, the automation of which is driven by the energy of a propellant charge using recoil forces.

The well-known Rot-Shteyer pistol (A.B.Zhuk, “Small Arms Handbook”, Moscow, Military Publishing House, 1993, p. 224, 406), a characteristic feature of which is locking by turning the barrel during its short course. The barrel on its outer surface has two protrusions, one of which slides inside the inclined groove of the stationary body, and the other inside the transverse groove in the shutter. During the shot, the protrusion located in the transverse groove provides a reliable grip, so after the shutter recoil carries along the barrel. The backward movement of the barrel is accompanied by its rotation around the longitudinal axis, since another protrusion of the barrel, interacting with the stationary body, slides along an inclined groove. After the barrel is rotated through a certain angle, the locking protrusion emerges from the transverse groove of the shutter and thus releases it.

There are also a number of weapons samples in which the unlocking and locking of the barrel with a bolt is carried out by rotating the barrel around the longitudinal axis at the time of recoil: EP patent No. 0359715, IPC 5 F41A 5/00, publ. 08/10/94, patent RU No. 2138001, IPC 6 F41C 3/00, F41A 5/06, publ. September 20, 1999, patent RU No. 2171441, IPC 7 F41C 3/00, F41A 5/06, etc. Such a constructive solution is mainly used in the design of pistols, the barrel of which has a small weight and size.

Known series of sniper rifles "Barrett M / 82 / M82A1 / M82A1M / M82A2 / M82AZ / M107", developed by the company "Barrett Firearms Manufacturing, Inc.". M82 series sniper rifles are built on the basis of automation with a short barrel stroke. Locking the barrel - turning the shutter, 3 combat stops. After the shot, the barrel, rigidly locked by the bolt, is rolled back 25 mm, then the pin on the bolt, interacting with the figured groove on the bolt frame, makes the bolt rotate and unlock the barrel. After that, the barrel "runs over" the accelerator lever, which transfers the recoil energy to the bolt frame, causing the shutter to open. The barrel stops, and the shutter retrieves and throws the shot sleeve. The barrel returns to the forward position under the action of its return spring. The bolt under the action of its own return spring comes to the front position, sending a new cartridge from the magazine on the way to the barrel, and then locks the barrel. The drummer is cocked by setting in a sear while the shutter is moving forward (US Patent No. 4867040, IPC 4 F41D 5/02, publ. Sep.19, 1989 - prototype).

To transfer the energy of barrel rollback to the weapon automation parts, the prototype uses a lever accelerator mechanism, the operation of which is associated with significant dynamic loads on the automation components, which makes increased demands on their strength.

The disadvantage of the prototype is the high weight due to the availability of weapons.

The task of the invention is to reduce the weight of the weapon while ensuring its operability in all operating conditions.

According to the invention, the solution to this problem is achieved by the fact that in the small arms containing the receiver, the spring-loaded barrel is limitedly movable in the rollback direction, in the breech of which there are combat stops mounted on rails in the receiver with the possibility of axial movement of the spring-loaded bolt frame with a bolt in which reciprocal combat stops and a thorn are made, interacting with a screw groove on the bolt frame, the following technical solutions are implemented:

- a closed screw groove is made on the bolt frame, in which a bolt spike is placed beyond the bolt perimeter;

- a copier with a screw surface is installed on the upper inner wall of the receiver with the possibility of interaction when the barrel rolls back with the protruding part of the bolt spike;

- screw surfaces on the copier and in the bolt frame are made of the opposite direction;

- on the upper inner wall of the receiver is fixed a guide bar with the possibility of interaction with the bolt spike during rollback of the shutter frame with the shutter.

The essence of the invention is illustrated by graphic materials, where:

- figure 1 shows a longitudinal section along the barrel and the details of the automation before firing;

- Fig. 2 shows a longitudinal section through the barrel and the details of the automation after firing, the barrel in its extreme rear position;

- Fig 3 shows a top view of the shutter and bolt frame in the extreme forward position before firing;

- Fig. 4 shows a top view, the position of the shutter and the bolt frame after the bolt unlocks the bore;

- figure 5 shows a cross section along the bolt spike.

A small arms contains a receiver 1. The front 2 and rear 3 guides of the barrel 4 are fixed in the receiver. In the lower part of the rear guide there is a socket in which the barrel spring 5 and the barrel pusher 6 are mounted. The barrel sleeve 7 is fixed on the breech of the barrel. combat stops are made, the military stops responding to them are made in the shutter 8. The barrel is installed in guides with the possibility of reciprocating movement. The shutter frame 9 is made of a U-shaped. Inside it is fixed an insert in which the shutter shank is located. In the upper wall of the shutter frame there is a closed screw groove 10. On the shutter 8 there is a spike 11, the upper part of which is placed in the screw groove of the shutter frame with a protrusion beyond its perimeter. A copier 12 with a screw surface 13 is fixed on the upper inner surface of the receiver 1. The screw surfaces on the copier and in the groove of the shutter frame are made in the opposite direction. A guide bar 14 is fixed on the upper wall of the receiver. The bolt frame 9 with a shutter 8 is installed in the receiver with the possibility of axial reciprocating movement under the action of the recoil of the barrel when fired in the recoil and the return spring 15 on the coast.

In a loaded weapon, before firing, the cartridge is in the chamber, barrel 5, bolt frame 9 with bolt 8 in its extreme forward position. The shutter is locked. The barrel spring 5 and the return spring 15 are in a state of preload.

After the shot, the barrel 4 and the bolt 8 connected to it begin to roll back. The shutter pin 11 runs on the helical surface 13 of the copier 12, and as a result of their interaction, the shutter 8 rotates in the direction of unlocking the bore. The interaction of the gate spike with the screw groove 10 in the shutter frame 9 causes the shutter frame to move relative to the shutter. The speed of movement of the bolt frame increases in the direction of increase smoothly and by the end of unlocking the bolt and attaching it to the bolt frame reaches the operating value. When the bolt of the bolt is rolled back with the bolt, the spent cartridge is reflected, cocked, and the spring is preloaded.

When the barrel 4 rolls back, the shaft pusher 6 presses the barrel spring 5. The barrel backward movement is limited by the emphasis of the barrel pusher on the end surface of the rear guide of the barrel 3. After unlocking the bore and disengaging the barrel with the bolt, it is pushed by the action of spring 5 onto the pusher 6, whose tooth The window of the barrel clutch returns to its original position.

Guide bar 14 controls the angular position of the shutter after unlocking in the rollback and before locking in the coastline.

In the coast of the shutter frame 9 with the shutter 8 there is a chambering of the cartridge into the bore. After the shutter comes to its extreme forward position, the shutter frame continues to move forward. In this case, the interaction of the screw groove 10 in the bolt frame with the spike 11 on the bolt leads to the rotation of the bolt and the locking of the bore. The weapon is loaded and ready to continue shooting.

In the present invention, the recoil energy of the barrel is transmitted to the bolt frame simultaneously with the beginning of the unlocking of the barrel channel, which allows for a smooth increase in speed and reduce dynamic loads in the operation of automatic weapons, which ultimately allowed to reduce the weight of the weapon.

The proposed technical solutions were implemented in a prototype weapon, which passed comprehensive tests with positive results.

Claims (1)

Small arms containing a receiver, a spring-loaded barrel boundedly movable in the rollback direction, in the breech of which there are combat stops mounted on rails in the receiver with the possibility of axial movement of a spring-loaded bolt frame with a bolt in which reciprocal combat stops and a thorn are made, interacting with a screw groove on the bolt frame, characterized in that a closed screw groove is made on the bolt frame, in which with a protrusion beyond the perimeter of the bolt frame there is a spike creator, a copier with a screw surface is installed on the upper inner wall of the receiver with the possibility of interaction when the barrel rolls back with the protruding part of the bolt, the screw surfaces on the copier and in the bolt frame are made in the opposite direction, while on the upper inner wall of the receiver there is a guide bar with the possibility interaction with the shutter spike during rollback of the shutter frame with the shutter.

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