RU2403665C1 - Dc machine commutator with track current pickup - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: electricity. ^ SUBSTANCE: commutator bar current pickup is presented with two pairs of fixed and moving electroconductive rings, a number of in-between electroconductive tracks, and two pairs of fixed-axis electroconductive tracks between middle moving rings and a surface of a commutator cylinder on the vertical and horizontal lines respectively. Two fixed-axis electroconductive tracks located on the vertical line and between the cylindrical surface of the commutator and the moving middle ring, are connected through the moving electroconductive tracks and the fixed electroconductive tracks to a positive terminal of an external direct voltage source, and two such tracks located on the horizontal line from both sides of the commutator cylinder, in the same order are connected to a negative terminal of the same source. During operation, the DCM in a drive mode inverts direct current from the external source into alternating current supplied to an anchored winding of the DCM. In a generator mode, the commutator rectifies alternating current generated in the anchored winding of the DCM into direct current supplied to the external circuit. ^ EFFECT: higher wear resistance, working reliability and extended application of the commutator. ^ 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of electrical engineering, in particular to mechanical switches in an electrical circuit. The closest analogue to the proposed collector is the collector of a direct current machine (MPT) with sliding contact brushes.

The named collector has significant drawbacks. First of all, these are sliding contact brushes, which, like the collector plates, are subject to intensive wear due to sliding friction. As a result, arcing between the sliding surfaces of the collector will prevail, which leads to a narrowing of its field of application and, accordingly, MPT.

The technical result of the invention is a significant increase in the wear resistance of the collector, its reliability in operation and the expansion of its scope.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that two pairs of fixed and movable electrically conductive rings, several electrically conductive tracks located between them and two pairs of electrically conductive tracks with stationary axes located between the middle movable rings and the surface of the collector cylinder, respectively, are used as current collectors from the collector plates . In this case, two electrically conductive tracks with fixed axles located along a vertical line and between the cylindrical surface of the collector and the movable middle ring are connected through movable electrically conductive tracks and a stationary electrically conductive ring with a positive terminal of an external constant voltage source. And two of the same tracks, already located on a horizontal line on both sides of the collector cylinder, are connected in the same order to the negative terminal of the same source.

In figures 1 and 2, respectively, a transverse and longitudinal sections of the proposed design of the collector MPT. The following notation is used in the figures:

1. Fixed external conductive ring

2. Mobile conductive track

3. Electrically conductive collector plate

4. Collector insulator

5. The middle movable conductive ring

6. Electrically conductive track with fixed axles

7. Collector axis

8. The interior of the manifold cylinder

The proposed collector MPT caterpillar current collector works as follows. When the MPT is operating in motor mode, positive voltage is applied to its anchor windings connected to the collector plates in contact with the upper and lower electrically conductive tracks with fixed axes, and current will flow through them in one direction, and to the windings connected to the collector plates, being in contact with the side conductive tracks with fixed axles, a negative voltage is applied and, accordingly, the current will flow in the other direction. After a quarter of a turn, the signs of the voltage supplied to these plates will be reversed and, accordingly, currents will flow in the opposite first directions on the windings of the MPT armature. Thus, during one turn of the collector, the currents in the windings of the MPT armature change in the direction four times. That is, through the proposed collector, the direct current coming from an external source is inverted into alternating current with a frequency of four times the frequency of rotation of the entire rotor of the MPT.

When MPT is operating in generator mode, the proposed collector with caterpillar current collector is already working in the reverse order. That is, the alternating current generated by the winding of the MPT armature is rectified by it and a direct current is already supplied to the external circuit.

Thus, electrically conductive tracks not only contribute to a significant increase in the life of the entire collector, but also significantly improve the electromechanical and other technical characteristics of MPT.

Information sources

1. Bertinov A.I. and others. Unipolar electric machines with liquid metal current collectors. - M., L .: Energy, 1966.

2. Bertinov A.I. Special electric cars. - M .: Energy, 1982.

3. Booth D.A. Contactless electric machines. - M: High School, 1990.

4. Kopylov I.P. Electric cars. - M .: Energoatomizdat, 1986.

5. Tokarev B.F. Electric cars. - M.: Energoizdat, 1990.

Claims (1)

The collector of a direct current machine, consisting of a cylinder with collector plates and slip collectors sliding on its outer cylindrical surface, characterized in that instead of sliding brushes, two pairs of electrically conductive tracks with fixed axles are used between the outer surface of the collector cylinder and the middle movable ones electrically conductive rings, respectively, on the vertical and horizontal lines of movable electrically conductive tracks mounted between Independent user mobile and stationary outer conductive rings connected respectively with the positive and negative terminals of an external DC voltage.

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