RU2400677C1 - Hot water boiler - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: heating. ^ SUBSTANCE: hot water boiler includes vortex combustion chamber consisting of volute-shaped header, guide vanes, loading device, axial branch pipes, end walls of hyperbolic form and rotary scattering unit of solid or liquid fuel or crushed domestic waste. On inner surface of end walls there are micro channels made in the form of three-stage catalytic pack including the layer of high-active Pd-Ge-Al2O3 catalyst at the inlet of vortex combustion chamber, the main thermoresistant catalyst on the basis of Mn hexaaluminate and thin layer of Pd-Mn-La-Al2O3 catalyst at the outlet of vortex combustion chamber. On outer side of end walls there installed is casing and vortex heat exchanger one of the walls of which are end walls of vortex combustion chamber. ^ EFFECT: effective recovery of domestic waste and use of optimum catalyst type in combustion chamber. ^ 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to equipment for heating water, as well as to equipment for the recovery of heat obtained from the burning of ground household waste.

Known vortex chamber for carrying out heat and mass transfer processes (1), containing a cochlear collector, a guiding apparatus, end walls of a hyperbolic shape, on the inner surface of which are made microchannels with a deposited catalyst layer.

The known vortex chamber (1) has two drawbacks: 1) there is no mechanism for supplying solid or liquid fuel or ground household waste to the working area of the vortex chamber; 2) the optimum type of catalyst has not been established.

At the same time, work (2) is known in which the optimal type of catalyst for the combustion of various types of fuel is established.

The objective of the invention is to develop an apparatus for burning various types of fuel, as well as ground household waste, equipped with a mechanism for supplying fuel and ground household waste to the working area and which would use the optimal type of catalyst.

The problem is solved by creating a water boiler containing a vortex combustion chamber, consisting of a cochlear-shaped manifold, a guiding apparatus, a loading device, axial nozzles, end walls of a hyperbolic shape (or close to hyperbolic to simplify manufacturing, for example, conical), on whose inner surface microchannels are made in the form of a three-stage catalytic stack comprising a layer of high activity Pd-Ge-Al ₂ O ₃ - catalyst inlet into the swirl of the combustion chamber base a thermostable catalyst hexaaluminate Mn and a thin layer of Pd-Mn-La-Al ₂ O ₃ - at the outlet of the vortex combustor, a rotary spreader solid or liquid fuel or shredded waste, characterized in that mounted on the outside of the end walls kozhuhovihrevoy a heat exchanger, one of the walls of which are the end walls of the vortex combustion chamber.

The water boiler is shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, where 1 is a cochlear-shaped collector; 2 - a directing apparatus; 3 - boot device; 4 and 5 - end walls of a hyperbolic shape; 6 and 7 - axial nozzles; 10, 8, and 9 — microchannels with a coated catalyst layer of Pd-Ge-Al ₂ O ₃ at the entrance to the vortex combustion chamber; the main thermostable catalyst based on Mn hexaaluminate and a thin layer of Pd-Mn-La-Al ₂ O ₃ - catalyst at the outlet of the vortex combustion chamber; 11 - rotary spreader; 12 - casing vortex heat exchanger, consisting of two parts adjacent to the lower 4 and upper 5 end walls of the vortex combustion chamber, respectively; 13 - cochlear nozzles for supplying cold water to a shell-and-vortex heat exchanger; 14 - guiding apparatuses of the casing vortex heat exchanger; 15 - pipe outlet heated water from the casing of the vortex heat exchanger.

The hot water boiler operates as follows.

The first option is solid or liquid fuel or their mixture with ground household waste is fed into the loading device 3 and then fed to the rotary spreader 11 and into the working area of the vortex combustion chamber between the end walls 4 and 5, where they are burned. Air is also supplied to the working area of the vortex chamber through the cochlear-shaped collector 1 and the guide apparatus 2. The hyperbolic walls of the vortex chamber allow holding particles of solid or liquid fuel, as well as crushed particles of household waste in the working area of the vortex chamber until complete combustion, after which air with combustion products is discharged from the vortex chamber through axial tubes 6 and 7. Cold water is supplied to the shell-and-vortex heat exchanger 12 through the cochlear supply nozzles 13 and the guiding devices 14, and heated water is discharged from the shell-and-vortex heat exchanger through the outlet nozzles 15. Shredded household waste reduces waste od solid or liquid fuel for heating water.

The second option is heating water with gas or a mixture of gas with ground household waste. Gas in a mixture with air is fed into the working zone of the vortex chamber between the end walls 4 and 5, burns and heats the water flowing through the shell-and-vortex heat exchanger 12. Shredded household waste can also be supplied to the working zone of the vortex combustion chamber, which reduces the gas consumption for heating the water. The combustion products are removed from the vortex chamber through the axial nozzles 6 and 7, and heated water through the nozzles 15.

Literature

1. Patent No. 2,337,294. Vortex chamber for heat and mass transfer processes / Sheludyakov EP, Publ. 10/27/2008. Bull. No. 30.

2. Catalytic combustion - into small energy. / Science in Siberia No. 47 (December 4, 2008) http: // www - sbras. / Hbc /.

Claims (1)

A water boiler containing a vortex combustion chamber, consisting of a cochlear-shaped manifold, a guiding apparatus, a loading device, axial nozzles, end walls of a hyperbolic shape (or close to hyperbolic to simplify manufacturing, for example, conical), on the inner surface of which microchannels are made in the form of a three-stage catalytic package comprising a layer of highly active Pd-Ge-Al ₂ O ₃ - catalyst at the inlet of the vortex combustor main thermostable catalyst foundations hexaaluminate Mn and a thin layer of Pd-Mn-La-Al ₂ O ₃ - catalyst outlet from the vortex of the combustion chamber, a rotary spreader solid or liquid fuel or shredded waste, characterized in that on the outer side of the end walls is set kozhuhovihrevoy heat exchanger, one of whose walls are the end walls of the vortex combustion chamber.

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