RU2400048C1 - Tuberous roots transportation and cleaning method - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention is intended to provide for quality and effective tuberous roots cleanup of soil. The method involves delivery of a tuberous roots heap to cleaning working tools and their interaction with the elements of the cleaning working tools represented by brushes as well as further unloading. The brushes perform clean off soil with cylindrical springs. The spring is positioned parallel to the brushes axle that performs longitudinal alternate/reciprocal vibratory motion along the brushes axle so that to enable the spring self-cleaning.

EFFECT: improved quality of tuberous roots separation.

2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of mechanization of agricultural production, in particular to methods that allow for the transportation of root crops to ensure their purification from impurities.

A known method, which is implemented by a root harvesting machine, includes the operation of extracting root crops from the soil, feeding a heap to a cleaner, dispersing it on a cleaner, separating it from soil and plant impurities and unloading it into a vehicle [1].

The disadvantages of the existing method of transportation and cleaning of root crops include low productivity of transportation, low quality of cleaning. They are due to the fact that the transporting and cleaning working bodies are placed inside the machine in echelons, and the heap of peeled root crops is stored for a considerable time (up to 30 s) on these working bodies, which does not provide the required conditions for the interaction of each root and vegetable crops with a separating working body.

Closest to the proposed method is a method consisting of operations: extraction of root crops from the soil, transportation and cleaning, which are carried out from each row of root crops removed from the soil and unloading. After extraction, they are oriented in the longitudinal direction with the heads forward [2 - prototype].

The disadvantage of this method is the low quality of cleaning due to the fact that during the interaction of root crops with cleaning working bodies, the latter become clogged with soil. It is obvious that the quality of cleaning root crops during prolonged interaction with cleaning working bodies is sharply reduced. Especially undesirable is the case of cleaning root crops from soil of high humidity (25-29%). In this case, sticking of the elements of the cleaning working organs by the soil occurs and a sharp decrease in the quality of cleaning occurs.

The aim of the invention is the provision of high-quality and productive cleaning of root crops from impurities.

To achieve this goal, we propose a method for transporting and cleaning root crops, providing a pile of root crops, oriented in the longitudinal direction by heads forward individually from each row to the cleaning working bodies of the brush type, their interaction with the elements of the cleaning working bodies and further unloading.

This will allow to achieve high quality cleaning of root crops from adhering soil (up to 70%) by cleaning the drive cylindrical brushes, the cleaning elements of which are clogged with moist soil during the cleaning process. Injury of root crops is almost completely absent.

The device with which it is proposed to implement this method is schematically shown in figure 1 - General view from above. Figure 2 is a view A of figure 1.

The proposed device has a transporting root crops element 1, made in the form of trays extending from each digging body for individual transportation of root crops of each row, the basis of which may be bar conveyors. Above the conveying element 1, drive cylindrical brushes 2 with elastic rods are installed. Above the brushes is a coiled cylindrical tension spring 3 of wire of circular cross section, the axis of which is parallel to the axis of the brushes. One end of the spring is fixed to the frame, and the second makes a reciprocating vibrational movement along the axis of the brushes by means of a crank 4 and rocker 5 mechanisms, which leads to its self-cleaning.

In the process of work, the dredged root tubers are transported by the conveying element 1 of the tray type forward to the action area of the drive cylindrical brushes 2 with elastic rods, which due to the reciprocating vibrational movement of the coil spring 3 along the axis of the brushes by means of the crank 4 and the link mechanism 5 are cleaned of adhering soil. Due to the fact that the heap of root tubers is practically absent, since they move in one layer, a more intense effect of the cleaning working organs occurs than they would move in the thickness of the heap and randomly.

There are other possible devices for implementing this method, especially a combination of cleaning working bodies.

The application of this method will improve the quality of cleaning root crops from adhering soil by 70%.

Information sources

1. Beet-harvesting machines (design and calculation) L.V. Pogorely, N.V. Tatyanko, V.V. Bray, etc. / Under the general editorship of L.V. Pogorely. - Kiev: Technique, 1983, p. 38, Fig. 10 - prototype).

2. Patent for invention No. 2144759, MKI 7 A01D 91/02. Publ. 01/27/2000. Bull. Number 3.

Claims (1)

The method of transportation and cleaning of root crops, including the supply of a pile of root crops to the cleaning working bodies and their interaction with the elements of the cleaning working bodies in the form of brushes, and further unloading, characterized in that the brushes are cleaned from the soil by a coil spring that is parallel to the axis of the brushes and which makes longitudinal reciprocating vibrational movement along the axis of the brushes, with the possibility of self-cleaning of the spring.

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