RU2497781C1 - Engobe - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: chemistry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to ceramic building materials and can be applied in engobing of brick, tiling, tile. Engobe contains Cambrian clay, broken glass and neutralised galvanic sludge with humidity 80% with the following ratio of components, wt %: Cambrian clay 34.0-36.0; broken glass 14.0-20.0; neutralised galvanic sludge with humidity 80% 46.0-50.0. Galvanic sludge is product of purification of galvanic production sewage waters and consists of molecular and colloidal particles of chromium, iron, nickel, copper, zinc hydroxides, as well as phosphates and sulfates. Engobe has brown colour.

EFFECT: increased impact strength of engobe.

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Description

The invention relates to engobed ceramic building materials and can be used for engobing bricks, tiles, tiles.

Known engobe, including, wt.%: Light-burning clay 50; Cambrian clay 5; granite dust 25; cullet 20 (Svatovskaya LB, Solovyova V.Ya., Maslennikova L.L. et al. // Thermodynamic and electronic aspects of the properties of composite materials for construction and environmental protection. - St. Petersburg: Publishing House Stroyizdat St. Petersburg, 2004, p.55).

The disadvantage of this composition of the engobe is its low impact strength.

Closest to the proposed composition is the engobe of brown color (A.I. Miklashevsky // Technology of artistic ceramics. - L .: "Publishing house of building literature", 1971, p.273), containing wt.%: Cambrian clay 100; cobalt oxide 2-3 in excess of 100%.

The disadvantage of this composition is also a low impact strength.

The task of the invention is to increase the impact strength.

This object is achieved in that the engobe containing Cambrian clay additionally contains cullet and neutralized galvanic sludge with a humidity of 80%, with the following ratio of components, wt.%: Cambrian clay 34.0-36.0; cullet 14.0-20.0; neutralized galvanic sludge with a humidity of 80% 46.0-50.0.

The technical result of the invention is to increase the strength of the engobe on impact.

Engobing is carried out according to generally accepted technology in ceramic production with firing at a temperature of plus 950-1000 ° C.

As clay raw materials, Cambrian clay of any deposit, for example, the Red Bor deposit, can be used.

As cullet can be used the battle of any silicate glass (window sheet, container, etc.), taken in any ratio.

Neutralized galvanic sludge with a humidity of 80% is a product of wastewater treatment of galvanic production (chromium plating, nickel plating, zinc plating, copper plating). Galvanic sludge consists of molecular and colloidal particles of hydroxides of chromium, iron, nickel, copper, zinc, as well as phosphates and sulfates. During firing, galvanic sludge oxides serve as heterogeneous nucleating agents. The chemical composition of the neutralized galvanic sludge is presented in table 1.

Table 1 The chemical composition of neutralized galvanic sludge Content, mg / kg Content% Cu Zn Ni Mn Pb Cd Cr S _sulf S _total Fe _commonly 31200 60,000 2994 1380 7016 550 17587 0.84 1.35 16.02

Clay and cullet are dosed in the required quantities and ground to obtain powders with a specific surface area of 3000-4500 cm ² / g, then mixed with neutralized galvanic sludge with a humidity of 80% and engobe is prepared, bringing the humidity to 40-65%. The engobe is applied to the surface of ceramic products, dried and fired at a maximum temperature of plus 950-1000 ° C.

After firing, the impact strength of ceramic engobed specimens on the Paige copra was determined. The results are presented in table 2.

table 2 Physical and technical indicators of engobed samples The composition of engobe Color engobe Impact strength, kg / cm ³ Firing temperature, ° С Prototype, mass% brown 1.10 980 cambrian clay one hundred cobalt oxide 2.0-3.0 in excess of 100% cambrian clay 34.0 brown 1.80 980 cullet 20,0 neutralized galvanic sludge with 80% humidity 46.0 cambrian clay 35.0 brown 1.82 980 cullet 17.0 neutralized galvanic sludge with 80% humidity 48.0 cambrian clay 36.0 brown 1,52 980 cullet 14.0 neutralized galvanic sludge with 80% humidity 50,0

An analysis of the results shown in Table 2 indicates that the introduction of a neutralized galvanic sludge with a humidity of 80% into the composition of the engobe in combination with red-burning Cambrian clay and cullet leads to hardening of the entire system due to the formation of crystalline phases, which increases the impact strength of the engobe , and engobe turns brown without the use of pigments.

Claims (1)

An engobe containing Cambrian clay, cullet, characterized in that it additionally contains neutralized galvanic sludge with a humidity of 80% in the following ratios of components, wt.%:
cambrian clay 34.0-36.0 cullet 14.0-20.0 neutralized galvanic sludge with 80% humidity 46.0-50.0