RU2493525C1 - Plate-type heat exchanger with natural supply of cooling air - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: heating.

SUBSTANCE: in plate-type heat-exchanger with natural supply of cooling air containing casing, with tube sheets and cover plates with a pack of heat-exchange plates between them forming channels for cooled and cooling media, there made are inlet and outlet fittings in cover plates for input and output of heat-exchanging media. At that the casing is made U-shaped, horizontal, with a bottom and two butt ends being the lower tube sheet and two end tube sheets. End and upper edges of U-shaped horizontal casing, edges of end cover plates and upper cover plate are provided with flange strips, upper cover plate is designed with upper tube sheet, channels of heat-exchanging media are connected to corresponding holes in upper and lower tube sheets and end tube sheets and are directed vertically and horizontally, and outlet fitting of cooling medium (air) is connected to vertical exhaust pipe with deflector.

EFFECT: improving efficiency and reliability of heat-exchanger with natural supply of cooling air.

6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to heat engineering, namely, to heat exchange equipment and can be used for air cooling of gases and liquids outdoors without forced supply of cooling air.

Known tubular heat exchanger containing a transversely streamlined bundle of pipes connected to pipe boards, placed in a housing closed by upper and lower covers and equipped with inlet and outlet pipes [RF Patent No. 2171439, Ml F28D 7/00, 1999].

The disadvantages of the known device are high hydraulic resistance and the need for forced supply of a cooling agent, which reduces the efficiency and reliability of the device.

Closer to the present invention is a plate heat exchanger, comprising a casing, in which a plate package consisting of a plurality of heat exchange plates is placed that form the first spaces (channels) between the plates for the first (cooling) medium (for example, air) and second spaces (channels) between the plates for the second (cooled) medium. The casing is equipped with pipe boards and covers in which inlet and outlet openings (pipes) are arranged for entering the plate heat exchanger and exiting the heated and cooled media therefrom, and the heat exchanger plates are connected to the casing, pipe boards and covers through seals [RF Patent No. 2426965, Μl F28D 9/00, μl F28G 13/00, 2009].

The main disadvantage of the known plate heat exchanger is the need for forced supply of cooling coolant (air), which reduces the efficiency and reliability of the device.

The technical result, the solution of which the invention is directed, is to increase the efficiency and reliability of a plate heat exchanger with a natural supply of cooling air.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the proposed plate heat exchanger with a natural supply of cooling air includes a casing provided with tube plates and covers, between which cavities for heat-exchanging media are placed, inlets and inlets are arranged for the inlet and outlet of heat-exchanging media, a bag is placed in the casing consisting of heat exchanger plates that form channels for the cooled and cooling medium and which are connected to the casing, tube boards and covers through seals, In this case, the casing is made trough-like, horizontal, with a bottom and two ends, representing the lower and two end pipe boards with rectangular openings for the cooling and cooled medium, respectively, the end and upper edges of the trough-like horizontal casing, the edges of the end and upper covers, are equipped with flange strips , the top cover is made with the upper tube plate with holes for the cooling medium, the channels of the cooling medium are connected to the holes of the upper and lower tube plates and are directed vertically Flaxly, the channels of the medium to be cooled are connected to the openings of the end tube plates and are directed horizontally, and the outlet pipe of the cooling medium (air) is connected to a vertical exhaust pipe equipped with a deflector.

The proposed plate heat exchanger with a natural supply of cooling air (PTEPOV) is shown in Fig.1-6 (Fig.1-3 General view and sections, Fig.4-6 node connecting the heat exchanger element with a casing, a cover and a lower tube plate).

PTEPOV consists of a horizontal trough-like casing 1, the bottom and ends of which are made in the form of a lower tube plate 2 with rectangular air (cooling medium) openings 3 and two end pipe plates 4, 5 with rectangular gas (cooled medium) openings 6, upper and end edges which are equipped with flange strips 7, inside a horizontal trough-like casing 1, a package 8 is placed consisting of heat transfer plates 9 mounted on a tube plate 2 with the formation of vertical air (cooling medium food) channels 10 communicating with air holes 3, and horizontal gas (cooled medium) channels 11 communicating with gas holes 6, end pipe plates 4 and 5, which, in turn, are closed by end caps 12 and 13, forming gas (cooled medium) cavities 14 and 15 and flanged at the edges with the formation of flange strips 16, from above the horizontal trough-like casing 1 is closed with a top cover 17 forming an air (cooling medium) cavity 18 flanged at the edges with the formation of flange strips 19 and equipped with the upper tube plate 20 with rectangular air holes 21 in communication with the air channels 10, and the end caps 12, 13 are provided with inlet and outlet pipes 22 and 23 of the cooled gases, the upper cover 17 is equipped with an outlet air pipe 24 connected to a vertical exhaust pipe 25 provided the deflector 26, and the edges of the heat exchanger plates 6 are connected to the tube plates 2, 4, 5, 20 and the flange strips 7 of the housing 1 with the flange strips 16, 19 of the tube plates 4, 5, 20 through elastic seals 27.

The proposed PTEPOV works as follows. The cooled medium, for example, flue gases, enters through the inlet pipe 22 into the gas cavity 14, from which it is distributed through the gas openings 6 of the tube plate 4 and sent to the horizontal gas channels 11 of the packet 5, during which the flue gases are cooled as a result of heat exchange to a predetermined temperature through heat exchange plates 9 with a cooling medium, namely, external air rising through the vertical air channels 10, after which the cooled flue gases through gas openings 6 of the tube plate 5 enter the gas cavity 15, from where through the pipe 23 is removed from the heat exchanger. At the same time, external air (cooling medium) under the action of natural draft enters from below through air holes 3 into the vertical air channels 10 of package 8, rises up, heats up from t ₀ to t _G , as a result of heat exchange through heat exchange plates 9 with cooled gases moving through the gas channels 11, after which the heated air through the air holes 21 of the tube plate 20 enters the air cavity 18, from where through the pipe 24, an exhaust pipe 25 of a height H and a deflector 26 is released into the atmosphere. In this case, the heating of the air from t ₀ to t _G and the height of the exhaust pipe N, create a vertical pull in the vertical air channels 10 for the air flow [Yu.P. Gusev. Basics of designing boiler plants. - M .: Stroyizdat, 1977, p.143], equal

, где $$h=H\cdot \left[{\rho }_B-\left({\rho }_B\cdot 273-(t_{CP}+273\right)\right]\cdot gP\mathrm{but}\left(\mathrm{one}\right)$$

where

ρ _B is the density of outdoor air at a temperature of to, kg / m ³ ;

t _SR - average air temperature in PTEPOV, ° C;

. $$t_{CP}=\left(t_0+t_G\right)/2\left(2\right)$$

.

In addition, the presence of a deflector 26 on the upper edge of the exhaust pipe 25 creates additional traction due to wind pressure [Bogoslovsky V.N. Heating and ventilation, part II, Moscow: Stroyizdat, 1976, p.309]. Both of the above factors ensure a constant supply of outdoor air to the air ducts of 10 PTEPs, which allows you to cool a hot environment (exhaust flue gases, circulating water, etc.) without using a fan and thus reduce the energy consumption for cooling processes.

Mutual perpendicular arrangement of air 10 and gas 11 channels in PTEPOV allows the heat exchange process to be carried out according to the cross-flow pattern of heat carriers, which provides a sufficiently high driving force of heat transfer and is widely used in air heaters for steam generators [Thermal calculation of industrial steam generators. Ed. Chastukhina V.I. - Kiev: Vishka school, 1980, p.50], it allows to significantly simplify the design of covers 12, 13, 17 (the inner cavity of the covers does not need to be divided by partitions into air and gas channels) and reduce their weight, significantly reduce aerodynamic drag compared to known lamellar heat exchangers with cover designs for direct-flow and counter-current flow patterns of coolants.

Thus, the design of the proposed plate heat exchanger with a natural supply of cooling air allows, due to the device of the exhaust pipe with a deflector and ensuring the cross movement of heat exchanging media in it, to increase its efficiency and reliability in comparison with the known plate heat exchanger.

Claims (1)

A plate heat exchanger with a natural supply of cooling air includes a casing equipped with tube plates and covers, between which cavities for heat-exchanging media are placed, inlets and inlets for the heat-exchanging media in and out are arranged in the covers, a package consisting of heat-exchange plates that form channels for the cooled and cooling medium and which are connected to the casing, tube boards and covers through seals, characterized in that the casing is made trough-like horiz ontal, with a bottom and two ends, representing the lower and two end pipe boards with rectangular openings for the cooling and cooled medium, respectively, the end and upper edges of the trough-like horizontal casing, the edges of the end and upper covers are provided with flange strips, the upper cover is made with the upper pipe a board with openings for the cooling medium, the channels of the cooling medium are connected to the holes of the upper and lower tube plates and are directed vertically, the channels of the cooled medium are connected to the rectangular opening end tube plates and are oriented horizontally, and the outlet of the cooling medium (air) is connected to a vertical suction pipe provided with a deflector.

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