RU2492397C1 - Device for drying bulk materials - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: heating.

SUBSTANCE: device for drying bulk materials comprises a vertical housing with units of loading and unloading, on which axis the annular shelves are successively located, forming with the housing the annular gaps, the pipes of supply and removal of the drying agent. The device is equipped with the magnetic vibrator and the pipe of dust burden return, the annular shelves are mounted alternately with inclination to the center and periphery of the housing with the ability of rapid replacement, and the annular shelves mounted with inclination towards the center of the housing are made with a hole in the center, the housing is provided with a heat insulating layer, the pipe for supplying the drying agent is located in the lower part of the housing, and the housing is made with the expansion in the areas of supply and removal of the drying agent.

EFFECT: increased efficiency of drying.

3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to a technique for drying bulk materials with the movement of the dried material under the action of gravity, and can be used in various areas of the economy where drying or other processing of bulk material at elevated temperatures is necessary.

A known apparatus for drying bulk materials, comprising a housing with shells mounted on rods and mounted equidistantly and uniformly along the height of the shell, oriented with a smaller base along the direction of movement of the material with a divider, material loading and unloading devices, coolant supply and discharge pipes, and shells are quadrangular, and the dividers from the corners have a pyramid shape, with the dividers from the corners with the shelves inward and the shelf at the bottom and outwardly (see. AS USSR №1812404, IPC F26B 17/12, opub. 04.30.93).

Closest to the claimed device is a apparatus for heat treatment of bulk materials containing a vertical housing with loading and unloading units, the axis of which is a gas distribution pipe with gas outlet openings, and annular shelves are placed around the pipe, forming annular gaps with the body and pipe, the pipe is divided by a transverse blind a partition into two sections connected to autonomous gas sources with different temperatures, and nozzles are additionally installed in the ring gaps of the lower section and for supplying an oxidizing agent (see AS USSR No. 937932, IPC F26B 17/12, publ. 23.06.82).

The disadvantages of the known device is the insufficient completeness of using the heat of the drying agent due to the fact that he, once passing through the material located on the annular shelf, is removed from the drying process. The disadvantage is the lack of a suspended phase of drying, since the dried material, passing the gap between the annular shelf and the gas distribution pipe, passes the phase of incidence, relying on the material located on the next annular shelf. The disadvantage is significant heat loss during the drying process and large ablation of the dried material with the exhaust gas of the drying agent.

A consequence of the above is another disadvantage of the known devices is the long drying time.

The technical result of the proposed technical solution is to increase the drying efficiency.

The result is achieved in that the apparatus for drying bulk materials containing a vertical casing with loading and unloading units, along the axis of which are annular shelves, forming annular gaps with the casing, supply pipes and outlets of the drying agent, characterized in that the apparatus is equipped with a magnetic vibrator and dust return nozzle, the annular shelves are installed alternately with an inclination towards the center and to the periphery of the housing with the possibility of quick replacement, the annular shelves installed with an inclination towards the center of the housing, filled with a hole in the center, the casing is provided with a heat insulating layer, a pipe for supplying a drying agent is located in the lower part of the casing, while the casing is made with expansion in the zones of supply and removal of the drying agent.

The drying efficiency is increased due to the multiple passage of the drying agent through the material to be dried, as well as by thermal insulation of the casing and recirculation of the drying agent, reducing or eliminating the entrainment of the dried material with the exhaust gases of the drying agent. In addition, in the proposed apparatus, the ratio and sequence of contact and convective drying methods are close to the same parameters of an industrial drum dryer, which makes the proposed apparatus for drying bulk materials suitable for laboratory testing of drying modes before using them on an industrial drum dryer.

Figure 1 shows the apparatus for drying bulk materials in a section, figure 2 shows a top view of figure 1, figure 3 shows an enlarged view of a fragment of the housing, illustrating the method of installation of the annular shelves.

The apparatus for drying bulk materials consists of a housing 1, equipped with nozzles for supplying 2 and outlet 3 of a drying agent, a loading unit 4 with a screw mechanism 5 and an unloading unit 6 with a spool mechanism 7 of the material to be dried, and the loading and unloading units are connected to the housing using corrugated heat-resistant jumpers 8. The housing is equipped with a mechanism for fixing 9 annular shelves with an inclination to the periphery of the housing 10 and annular shelves with an inclination to the center of the housing 11, an annular shelf 12, rigidly mounted on the dust return pipe the nose 13, and a magnetic vibrator 14. Moreover, the annular shelves 10 and 11 are made by lamellar stops 15 resting on each other, and the lower annular shelf is supported by an annular stop 16 welded to the housing 1. Each annular shelf is equipped with three laminar stops mounted in a circle through angle of 120 °. The annular shelves 10 form annular gaps 17 with the housing, and the annular shelves 11 have an opening in the center 18.

The annular shelves are removable (except for the lower rigidly fixed annular shelf 12) for the possibility of selecting the desired angle of inclination of the surface of the annular shelf for each particular material to be dried, and the casing is made expandable in the zones of supply and removal of the drying agent to reduce its speed and, as a result, reduce ablation dried material with exhaust gases of a drying agent. The angle of the upper annular shelves is selected close to 0.8 α, where α is the angle of repose of the dried material. Each subsequent shelf is installed with a smaller angle, and the last with an angle of about 0.4 α.

To implement improved recirculation of the drying agent, the apparatus for drying bulk materials is equipped with a pipe for returning dust-fly 13, which is located in such a way as to avoid repeated entrainment by a stream of drying agent from the pipe 2.

The housing is additionally provided with a heat insulating layer 19.

The apparatus for drying bulk materials is as follows.

The magnetic vibrator 14 creates a vibration of the housing 1 with an amplitude of 1 ... 3 mm and a frequency of 100 ... 1000 Hz. This ensures a better passage of the material through the annular gaps 17 and the Central holes 18.

The supply of the drying agent is made in the pipe for supplying the drying agent 2 in the lower part of the apparatus.

The dried material is supplied by a screw feeder 5 to the upper part of the housing 1 and enters the annular shelf 10. Then it rolls towards the annular gap 17. During this period, the material is dried by the contact method, in contact with the hot annular shelf, and convectively, washed by the counter flow of the drying agent . Then the material falls from the annular gap 17 and is dried in a convective way until it hits the annular shelf 11, through which it moves to the hole in the center 18, drying similarly to drying on the annular shelf 10.

Similarly, the material to be dried passes through all subsequent shelves until it rolls along the rigidly fixed annular shelf 12 and enters the unloading unit 6.

The supply of the drying agent is carried out in the pipe 2 for supplying the drying agent in the lower part of the housing. Due to this, the drying agent first passes into the opening of the lower annular shelf, drying the material falling from this opening, and the material rolling along the lower annular shelf, after which it passes through the annular gap of the second from the bottom of the annular shelf, drying the material falling from the annular gap, and material sliding down the second lower ring shelf, etc. Thus, the drying agent repeatedly passes through the material to be dried.

Next, the drying agent is removed from the apparatus 1 through the outlet pipe of the thermal agent 3 and enters the dust removal apparatus, in conjunction with which, as a rule, devices for drying bulk materials work. Separate dust and dust-free drying agent are separately removed from the dedusting apparatus. When this dust fly enters through the pipe to return dust 13 under the lower rigidly fixed annular shelf 12 to avoid re-entrainment by the flow of the drying agent from the pipe 2, and settles in the unloading unit 6.

Claims (1)

A device for drying bulk materials containing a vertical housing with loading and unloading units, along the axis of which are annular shelves, forming annular gaps with the housing, supply pipes and outlets of a drying agent, characterized in that the apparatus is equipped with a magnetic vibrator and a dust return pipe , the ring shelves are installed alternately with an inclination towards the center and to the periphery of the case with the possibility of quick replacement, and the ring shelves installed with an inclination towards the center of the case are made with a hole in the cent re, the casing is equipped with a heat-insulating layer, a pipe for supplying a drying agent is located in the lower part of the casing, while the casing is made with expansion in the zones of supply and removal of the drying agent.

Images