RU2489415C1 - Method to produce ball powder - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weapons and ammunition.

SUBSTANCE: method includes preparation of water suspension of powder with power element size of 0.4-0.7 mm and loose density of 0.940-0.980 kg/dm³, consisting of nitrocellulose, diphenylamine, graphite, ethyl acetate and moisture. The suspension is prepared in a retarder device when mixed and heated to the temperature of 94-98°C. Simultaneously in the emulsifier they prepare a retarding emulsion containing dinitrotoluene (DNT) and centralite I (C I), with DNT and C I concentration in water medium equal to 2.0-3.5 wt % during mixing for 20-30 minutes and heating to the temperature of 94-98°C. Afterwards the retarding emulsion at the same temperature is drained into the retarder device, and the process of BP retardation is carried out for 30-50 minutes.

EFFECT: improved ballistic characteristics due to retardation of ball powders and reduced losses of retardant additives.

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Description

The invention relates to the field of production of spherical powders for sports and hunting small arms.

US patents [1, 2] provide methods for producing spherical gunpowder (TFP) for small arms, which consist in obtaining gunpowder by dissolving nitrocellulose in a solvent, dispersing the obtained powder varnish onto spherical particles, dehydrating and distilling off the solvent from them, followed by phlegmatization of the powder elements . The disadvantage of these methods is that the resulting powder does not provide ballistic characteristics for sports and hunting rifles.

The closest analogue of the claimed invention is a method for producing spherical powder (patent RU 2244699 C2, C06B 21/00, published on January 20, 2005), which includes preparing a suspension of the powder, for which 3.0 ... 3, in relation to the powder, are poured into the reactor, 5 wt. including water, the powder is loaded, stirred and heated to a temperature of 85 ... 95 ° C, then a phlegmatizer is introduced in the form of a 1.5 ... 3.5% aqueous emulsion prepared from water, dinitrotoluene and centralite I, heated to the same temperature, processing gunpowder phlegmatizer lead in the reactor for 20 ... 60 minutes.

The disadvantage of this method of producing TFP is that the obtained spherical powder has a low stability of ballistic characteristics.

The aim of the invention is to increase ballistic characteristics due to the phlegmatization of spherical powders and reduce the loss of phlegmatizing additives.

The goal is achieved in that the resulting powder with a powder element size of 0.4 ... 0.7 mm, consisting of nitrocellulose, diphenylamine, graphite, ethyl acetate and moisture, with a bulk density of 0.940 ... 0.980 kg / dm ³ , are phlegmatized in a phlegmatizer, in which 3.0 ... 3.5 wt. including water, load the TFP and lead with stirring heating the suspension to a temperature of 94 ... 98 ° C, at the same time a phlegmatizing emulsion is prepared in the emulsifier, consisting of 2.0 ... 4.0 wt.% dinitrotoluene (DNT) in powder, 4, 5 ... 6.5 wt.% Centralite I (C I), with a concentration of DNT and C I in an aqueous medium equal to 2.0 ... 3.5 wt.% With stirring for 20 ... 30 minutes, heated to a temperature of 94 ... 98 ° C, poured into a phlegmatizer and lead the process of phlegmatization of TFP for 30 ... 50 minutes.

Studies conducted by the authors found that in the preparation of a phlegmatizing emulsion, a protective colloid from 0.2 to 1.0 wt.% Is introduced with respect to the phlegmatizer (C I, DNT). Phlegmatizing emulsion consists of phlegmatizer particles ranging in size from 5 to 40 microns. Each particle, in order to maintain stability in the flow, is coated with a protective colloid membrane that prevents particle coalescence. After emulsion is drained into the phlegmatizer, the powder particles are coated with a protective colloid. When a phlegmatizer is deposited on the surface of powder particles, it is necessary to overcome energy barriers, while the destruction of the protective shells occurs, both on the powder elements and on the particles of the phlegmatizer. With a decrease in the particle size of the phlegmatizer in the emulsion, deposition of the phlegmatizer particles on the surface of the powder particles is complicated, and after the completion of the phlegmatization process, the particles of the emulsion leave with the mother liquor. So, for example, 2.0 wt.% DNT and 5.0 wt.% C I are calculated to be introduced into the phlegmatizer for the phlegmatization of gunpowder, and according to the physicochemical analysis, 1.8 wt.% DNT and 4 remain in the composition of the gunpowder , 8 wt.% C I. Depending on the time and temperature conditions of the preparation of the phlegmatizing emulsion, the phlegmatization of the powder, the loss of the phlegmatizer from operation to the operation of the phlegmatization of powder can vary. All this leads to a change in ballistic characteristics.

According to the method of phlegmatization of TFP developed by the authors, the phlegmatizing emulsion without a protective colloid is much more fully planted on the surface of the powder elements. This ensures uniform distribution and diffusion of the phlegmatizer into the surface layers of the powder elements. All this provides stable ballistic characteristics, reduces the loss of phlegmatizer and makes it possible to reuse the mother liquor for subsequent phlegmatization of gunpowder.

Examples of the method for producing TFP within the boundary conditions (examples 1 ... 3) and outside the boundary conditions (examples 4, 5) are given in the table.

Example 1. 300 l of water is poured into a phlegmatizer and 100 kg of TFP consisting of pyroxylin 1 Pl, diphenylamine, ethyl acetate and water are loaded, with a powder element size of 0.4 ... 0.7 mm and a bulk density of 0.940 kg / dm ³ , with stirring, heats up to a temperature of 94 ° C. At the same time, a phlegmatizing emulsion is prepared in the emulsifier, consisting of 2.0 wt.% DNT and 4.5 wt.% C I. for powder. The concentration of the phlegmatizer in an aqueous medium is 2.0 wt.%. The emulsion in the emulsifier is prepared with stirring for 20 minutes and when it reaches a temperature of 94 ° C it is poured into a phlegmatizer, where the powder is phlegmatized for 30 minutes.

Technological modes, physico-chemical and ballistic characteristics are given in the table.

Example 2. In a phlegmatizer apparatus, 325 l of water are poured and 100 kg of TFP consisting of pyroxylin 1 Pl, diphenylamine, ethyl acetate and water are loaded, with a powder element size of 0.4 ... 0.7 mm and a bulk density of 0.960 kg / dm ³ , with stirring, heats up to a temperature of 96 ° C. At the same time, a phlegmatizing emulsion is prepared in the emulsifier, consisting of 3.0 wt.% DNT and 5.5 wt.% C I. for powder. The concentration of the phlegmatizer in an aqueous medium is 2.75 wt.%. The emulsion in the emulsifier is prepared with stirring for 25 minutes and when it reaches a temperature of 94 ° C it is poured into a phlegmatizer, where the powder is phlegmatized for 40 minutes.

Technological modes, physico-chemical and ballistic characteristics are given in the table.

Example 3. 350 l of water is poured into a phlegmatizer and 100 kg of TFP consisting of pyroxylin 1 Pl, diphenylamine, ethyl acetate and water are loaded, with a powder element size of 0.4 ... 0.7 mm and a bulk density of 0.980 kg / dm ³ and with stirring, heats up to a temperature of 98 ° C. At the same time, a phlegmatizing emulsion is prepared in the emulsifier, consisting of 4.0 wt.% DNT and 6.5 wt.% C I. in relation to the powder. The concentration of the phlegmatizer in the aqueous medium is 3.5 wt.%. The emulsion in the emulsifier is prepared with stirring for 30 minutes and when it reaches a temperature of 98 ° C it is discharged into a phlegmatizer, where the powder is phlegmatized for 50 minutes.

Technological modes, physico-chemical and ballistic characteristics are given in the table.

A sports and hunting cartridge of 7.62 mm caliber should have the following characteristics: average bullet flight speed - 735 ... 756 m / s, dispersion of bullet flight speed in a series of shots - not more than 10 m / s, powder gas pressure, MPa: average - not more than 289.2, the largest - no more than 308.8, the scatter between the maximum highest and lowest pressures of the powder gases is not more than 14.7.

It can be seen from the table data that the obtained spherical powder within the boundary conditions (examples 1 ... 3) satisfies the requirements of ballistic characteristics, and outside the boundary conditions (examples 4, 5) the obtained spherical powder does not satisfy the requirements of ballistic characteristics.

Literature

1. US patent No. 2843584.

2. US Patent No. 3378545.

3. RF patent No. 1808190 (IPC С06В 21/00).

Claims (1)

A method of producing spherical powder, comprising treating the powder with an aqueous phlegmatizing emulsion containing dinitrotoluene and centralite I in the form of a phlegmatizer, for which 3.0-3.5 wt. including water, spherical powder is charged and the suspension is heated with stirring, after which the phlegmatizing emulsion is poured into the reactor at the same temperature and the process of phlegmatization of the powder is carried out for 30-50 minutes, characterized in that spherical powder elements with a size of 0.4-0.7 mm, consisting of nitrocellulose, diphenylamine, graphite, ethyl acetate and moisture, with a bulk density of 0.940-0.980 kg / dm ³ , the suspension is prepared in a phlegmatizer with heating to a temperature of 94-98 ° C, phlegmatizing emulsion cook in e a pulsifier from water, 2.0-4.0 wt.% dinitrotoluene and 4.5-6.5 wt.% centralite I relative to gunpowder, with a concentration of dinitrotoluene and centralite I in an aqueous medium equal to 2.0-3, 5 wt.%, With stirring for 20-30 minutes and heating to a temperature of 94-98 ° C.