RU2485691C1 - Optical encoding nanodevice - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: information technology.

SUBSTANCE: device consists of N-1 optical nano-amplifiers, an optical (N+1)-input nanofibre coupler, two constant optical signal sources, two telescopic nanotubes, an optical nanofibre Q-output splitter, an optical Q-input nanofibre feedback coupler, P groups of input optical nanofibres, P groups of intermediate optical nanofibres, P groups of output optical nanofibres, M optical P-input nanofibre couplers.

EFFECT: simple device and nano-design thereof.

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Description

The invention relates to computer aids and can be used in optical information processing devices in the development and creation of optical computers and transceivers in nanoscale execution.

Known various encoding devices (code converters), built on the basis of the use of electronic functional elements [W. Titze, K. Schenck. Semiconductor circuitry. - M .: Mir, 1983], providing the conversion of N input signals into M output signals.

The disadvantages of these encoding devices are the great complexity and low speed.

The closest in technical execution to the proposed device is an optical analog nanomultiplexer containing M input optical nanofibers, M optical nanofibres, optical M-input nanofiber combiner, two telescopic nanotubes, a constant optical signal source, optical nanofiber N-output splitter, controlling optical nanofiber optical nanofiber N-input combiner [Patent No. 2419126, Russia, 2011. Optical analog nanomultiplexer / Kamensky VV, Around SV].

The disadvantage of this optical analog nanomultiplexer is the inability to perform the function of encoding optical signals.

The claimed invention is aimed at solving the problem of encoding optical signals, the task of simplifying the device and the task of implementing the device in nanoscale performance.

The tasks set arise in the development and creation of optical computing nanomachines or transceiver nanodevices.

The claimed device is built on the basis of optical nanofibers, technical options for which are described in [Optics of nanostructures / Edited by A.V. Fedorov: St. Petersburg. Nedra, 2005; Krenn J.R., Dereux A., Weeber J.C., et al. Squeezing the optical near-field zone by plasmon coupling of metal nanoparticles. Physical Review Letters, 1999, 82, 12, 2590], and telescopic nanotubes, which refers to a pair of nanotubes embedded in each other [Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes as Gigahertz Oscillators / Quanshui Zheng, Qing Jiang // Phys. Rev. Lett. 88, 045503, 28 January, 2002].

The essence of the invention lies in the fact that it introduced N-1 optical nanoscale amplifiers, an optical N + 1-input nanofiber combiner, a second source of constant optical signal, P groups of input optical nanofibers, P groups of intermediate optical nanofibers, P groups of output optical nanofibers, M optical P-input nanofiber combiners, moreover, the information inputs of the device are the inputs of P groups of input optical nanofibers, the control inputs of the device are the first input of the optical N + 1-input about the nanofiber combiner and the inputs of the optical nano-amplifiers, the output of the first source of constant optical signal is connected to the first input of the optical N + 1-input nanofibre combiner, the outputs of the optical nano-amplifiers are connected to the inputs of the optical N + 1-input nanofiber combiner, the output of the second source of the constant optical signal is connected to the input of the optical nanofiber Q-output splitter, the outputs of the optical nanofiber Q-output splitter are optically connected to the inputs of the optical A Q-input nanofiber feedback combiner, P groups of input optical nanofibers and an optical nanofiber Q-splitter located in mutually perpendicular planes, telescopic nanotubes are located between the outputs of the optical N + 1-input nanofiber combiner and the optical Q-input nanofiber feedback combiner the propagation axis of their output optical signals, the output of each input optical nanofiber is optically coupled to the input of one intermediate pticheskogo nanofibers, and an intermediate optical output of each nanofiber is optically coupled to the input of one output optical nanofibers, each group of output optical nanofibres connected to the like input optical nanofibrous P-input combiners, optical outputs nanofibrous P-input combiners are the outputs of the device.

Depending on the input signals {x ₁ , x ₂ , ... x _N }, the optical coding nanodevice allows generating the output signals {Y ₁ , Y ₂ , ... Y _M } in accordance with the values of the required function. The values of the required function must be set at the information inputs “D ₁₁ -D _PM ”, where P = 2 ^N.

The device consists of N-1 optical nano amplifiers 1 _{i, i = 1, N-1} , optical N + 1-input nanofiber combiner 2, two sources of constant optical signal 3 _{i, i = 1, 2} , two telescopic nanotubes 4 _{i, i = 1, 2} 4 ₁ - inner nanotube, 4 ₂ - outer nanotube), optical nanofiber Q-output splitter 5, optical Q-input nanofiber combiner 6 feedback, P groups of input optical nanofibers 7 _{1ij, i = 1 ... P, j = 1 ... M,} the groups R 7 nanofibers intermediate optical _{2ij, i = i ... P,} j = _{1 ... M,} the optical output P groups nanovoloko 7 _{3ij, i = i ... P,} j = _{1 ... M, M-P} optical input combiners nanofibrous 8 _{i, i = 1, M.}

The information inputs of the device "D ₁₁ -D _PM " are the inputs of the input optical nanofibers 7 _1ij . The control inputs of the device are the first input of the optical N + 1-input nanofiber combiner 2 and the inputs of the optical nano amplifiers 1 ₁ ... 1 _N-1 .

The outputs of the device Y ₁ ... Y _M are the outputs of the optical nanofiber N-input combiners 8 ₁ ... 8 _M.

The output of the first source of constant optical signal 3 _{1 is} connected to the first input of the optical N + 1-input nanofiber combiner 2, the outputs of the optical nano-amplifiers are connected to the inputs of the optical N + 1-input nanofiber combiner 2. Optical nano-amplifiers can be made in accordance with [Patent No. 2423733 , Russia, 2011. Optical Nano-Amplifier / Kamensky VV, Sokolov SV].

The output of the second constant optical signal source 3 _{2 is} connected to the input of the optical nanofiber Q-output splitter 5. The outputs of the optical nanofiber Q-output splitter 5 are optically connected to the inputs of the optical Q-input nanofiber feedback combiner 6.

Telescopic nanotubes 4 ₁ , 4 ₂ are located between the outputs of the optical N + 1-input nanofiber combiner 2 and the optical Q-input nanofiber combiner 6 feedback along the propagation axis of their output optical signals. Under the influence of the force difference due to the pressure of the light flux (the optical power difference of 1-5 W creates a force difference of 5-15 nN), the inner nanotube 4 ₁ will move towards the optical stream with a lower intensity (it must be borne in mind that the minimum necessary the force for moving the nanotube is attonewtons [Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes as Gigahertz Oscillators / Quanshui Zheng, Qing Jiang // Phys. Rev. Lett. 88, 045503, January 28, 2002]).

Within one group, the input optical nanofibers 7 _{1ij, i = 1 ... P, j = 1 ... M} , the intermediate optical nanofibres 7 _{2ij, i = 1 ... P, j = 1 ... M,} and the output optical nanofibres 7 _{3ij, i = 1 ... P, j = 1 ... M} are located linearly (figure 1) or radially (figure 2).

The output of each input optical nanofiber 7 _{1ij, i = 1 ... P, j = 1 ... M is} optically connected to the input of one intermediate optical nanofiber 7 _{2ij, i = 1 ... P, j = 1 ... M} , and the output of each intermediate optical nanofiber 7 _{2ij , i = 1 ... P, j = 1 ... M is} optically coupled to the input of one output optical nanofiber 7 _{3ij, j = 1 ... P, j = 1 ... M.}

The outputs of the first group of input optical nanofibres 7 _{11i ... 711M} (i = 1 ... M) are optically connected to the inputs of the first group of intermediate optical nanofibres 7 _21i ... 7 _21M , and the outputs of the first group of intermediate optical nanofibres 7 _21i ... 7 _{21M are} optically connected to the inputs of the first group output optical nanofibers 7 _31i ... 7 _31M .

The outputs of the group i of the input optical nanofibers 7 _1ij (j = 1 ... M) are optically connected to the inputs of the group i of the intermediate optical nanofibers 7 _2ij , and the outputs of the group i of the intermediate optical nanofibres 7 _{2ij are} optically connected to the inputs of the group i of the output optical nanofibers 7 _3ij .

The first outputs of each group of output optical nanofibres 7 _{3i1 are} connected to the inputs of the first optical nanofiber P-input combiner 8 ₁ . The second outputs of each group of output optical nanofibers 7 _{3i2 are} connected to the inputs of the second optical nanofiber P-input combiner 8 ₂ . The outputs j of each group i of output optical nanofibers 7 _{3ij are} connected to the inputs of the j-th optical nanofiber P-input combiner 8 _j .

Luminous flux from P groups of input optical nanofibers 7 _{1ij, i = 1 ... P, j = 1 ... M} and P groups of intermediate optical nanofibers 7 _{2ij, i = 1 ... P, j = 1 ... M} propagate along the OY axis, the luminous flux from optical nanofiber Q-output splitter 5 extends along the axis OZ (figure 1).

In the initial position, the inner nanotube 4 ₁ is in the extreme left (initial) position and breaks the optical links between the outputs of the optical nanofiber Q-output splitter 5 and the inputs of the optical Q-input nanofiber combiner 6. Optical links between the outputs of the intermediate optical nanofibres 7 _2ij and the outputs of the outputs optical nanofibres 7 _3ij are thus retained.

The device operates as follows.

From the output of the source of constant optical signal 3 ₂ signal with intensity Q · K conv. (Q is the number of outputs of the Q-output optical nanofiber splitter 5) is fed to the input of the Q-input optical nanofiber combiner 6, from each output of which a constant optical signal with an intensity of K conv.

From the output of the source of constant optical signal 3 ₁ signal with an intensity of 1 srvc arrives at the second input of the optical N + 1-input nanofiber combiner 2. The optical signals at the other inputs of the optical N + 1-input nanofiber combiner 2 are equal to zero, so the signal intensity at its output will be 1 srvc. Then, the force difference due to the following light pressures will act on the inner nanotube 4 ₁ : pressure proportional to the intensity of the light flux at the output of the N + 1-input nanofiber combiner 2-F = Z · I ₁ (Z is the coefficient of proportionality), and pressure proportional the intensity of the light flux at the output of the Q-input optical nanofiber combiner 6.

Under the influence of the light pressure difference, the inner nanotube 4 ₁ from the extreme left position will begin to move to the right, the light flux at the output of the Q-input optical nanofiber combiner 6 will begin to increase in proportion to the displacement value “S” of the inner nanotube 4 ₁ . Because the lengths of the right and left parts of the inner nanotube 4 ₁ are units of microns, and the diameters of the optical nanofibers are nanometers, then the change in the "S" displacement can be considered continuous for clarity of the subsequent presentation (the discrete nature of the "S" change does not introduce any fundamental restrictions on the principle of operation of the device ) - the intensity of the light flux at the output of the P-input optical nanofiber combiner 6 will be equal to "K · S", where "K" is the intensity of the constant optical signal.

An optical signal with an intensity of "K · S" forms a negative feedback signal that impedes the movement of the inner nanotube 4 ₁ to the right - its speed decreases, the change in the amount of movement "S" slows down.

At the end of the transition process (at the moment of stopping the inner nanotube 4 ₁ ), the amount of displacement "S" will be equal to

S ₁ = I ₁ / K.

(The transition process time is determined by the mass of the inner nanotube 4 ₁ (≈10 ^-15 -10 ^-16 g), the friction force during its movement (≈10 ^-9 N), the intensity "K" of the constant optical signal, the intensity I of the input optical signal and is ≈10 ^-7 -10 ^-8 s).

The optical signal source 3 ₁ provides the initial bias of the nanotube with input signals equal to zero.

The shift of the inner nanotube 4 ₁ to the right by S ₁ will lead to the formation of bonds between the outputs of the first group of input optical nanofibers 7 _{11i ...} 7 _11M and the inputs of the first group of intermediate optical nanofibres 7 _21i ... 7 _21M , the optical connections between the outputs of the first group of intermediate optical nanofibres 7 _21i ... 7 _21M and the inputs of the first group of output optical nanofibres 7 _31i ... 7 _31M are stored. Optical signals from the information inputs “D ₁₁ -D _1M ” will go to the outputs Y ₁ ... Y _{M of the} device.

Amplifiers 1 _{i, i = 1, N-1} provide digital _- to-analog conversion of the signals supplied to the inputs “x ₁ ”, “x ₂ ” ... “x _N ”, by amplifying the signal from the input “x ₂ ” 2 ^N-1 = 2 ^{2 -1} = 2 - twice, from the input "x ₃ " 2 ^N-1 = 2 ^3-1 = 4 - four times, from the input "x _N-1 " 2 ^N-1-1 times.

When applying to the input "x ₁ " an optical signal with an intensity of 1 srvc (at the other inputs, the optical signals are 0) at the output of the N + 1-input nanofiber combiner 2 there will be a signal with an intensity of I ₂ = 2 srvc. units

Then the inner nanotube 4 ₁ will again begin to move to the right. At the end of the transition process, the amount of displacement "S" will be equal to

S ₂ = I ₂ / K.

Thus, each input optical signal with intensity I will correspond to its movement of the internal nanotube S.

In position S _{2, the} inner nanotube 4 ₁ does not prevent the formation of optical links between the outputs of the input optical nanofibres of the first and second groups 7 ₁₁₁ ... 7 _11M , 7 ₁₂₁ ... 7 _12M and the inputs of the intermediate nanofibers 7 ₂₁₁ ... 7 _21M , 7 ₂₂₁ ... 7 _22M , but prevents the formation of optical links between the outputs of the intermediate optical nanofibers 7 ₂₁₁ ... 72 _21M and the inputs of the output optical nanofibers 7 ₃₁₁ ... 7 _31M . Optical signals from the information inputs “D ₂₁ -D _2M ” will go to the outputs Y ₁ ... Y _{M of the} device.

Depending on the input signals supplied, the inner nanotube will move to the corresponding position, while only one group of input optical nanofibres 7 _1il ... 7 _1iM will be optically coupled to one group of output optical nanofibres 7 _3il ... 7 _3iM . And accordingly, the signals from the inputs of only one group of input optical nanofibres 7 _1il ... 7 _1iM through intermediate 7 _2il ... 7 _2iM and output nanofibres 7 _3il ... 7 _3iM , through optical P-input nanofiber combiners 8 ₁ ... 8 _M will go to outputs Y ₁ ... Y _M devices.

For example, to build a priority encoder based on an optical encoder that encodes three input signals into two output signals, the following signals are sent to the inputs of the input optical nanofibers:

D ₁₁ = 0, D ₁₂ = 0, D ₂₁ = 0, D ₂₂ = 1, D ₃₁ = 1, D ₃₂ = 0, D ₄₁ = 1, D ₄₂ = 0,

D ₅₁ = 1, D ₅₂ = 1, D ₆₁ = 1, D ₆₂ = 1, D ₇₁ = 1, D ₇₂ = 1, D ₈₁ = 1, D ₈₂ = 1.

When optical signals equal to “x ₃ ” = 0, “x ₂ ” = 0, “x ₁ ” = 0 are supplied to the control inputs of the device, the intensity of the optical signal at the output of the optical N + 1-input nanofiber combiner 2 is 4 · 0 + 2 · 0 + 1 · 0 + 1 = 1 srvc, as a result, the inner nanotube 4 ₁ moves to position S ₁ , at which the signals from the information inputs “D ₁₁ -D ₁₂ ” are fed to the outputs of the device Y ₂ = 0 , Y ₁ = 0.

When optical signals equal to “x ₃ ” = 0, “x ₂ ” = 0, “x ₁ ” = 1 are supplied to the control inputs of the device, the intensity of the optical signal at the output of the optical N + 1-input nanofiber combiner 2 will be 4 · 0 + 2 · 0 + 1 · 1 + 1 = 2 conventional units - as a result, the inner nanotube 4 _{1 will} move to position S ₂ , at which the signals from the information inputs "D ₂₁ -D ₂₂ " are fed to the outputs of the device Y ₂ = 0, Y ₁ = 1.

When applying optical signals equal to “x ₃ ” = 0, “x ₂ ” = 1, “x ₁ ” = 0 to the control inputs of the device, the intensity of the optical signal at the output of the optical N + 1-input nanofiber combiner 2 will be 3 conventional units . - as a result, the inner nanotube 4 _{1 will} move to position S ₃ , at which the signals from the information inputs "D ₃₁ -D ₃₂ " are fed to the outputs of the device Y ₂ = 1, Y ₁ = 0.

When applying optical signals equal to “x ₃ ” = 0, “x ₂ ” = 1, “x ₁ ” = 1 to the control inputs of the device, the intensity of the optical signal at the output of the optical N + 1-input nanofiber combiner 2 will be 4 conventional units . - as a result, the inner nanotube 4 ₁ moves to position S ₄ , at which the signals from the information inputs "D ₄₁ -D ₄₂ " are fed to the outputs of the device Y ₂ = l, Y ₁ = 0.

When applying optical signals equal to “x ₃ ” = 1, “x ₂ ” = 0, “x ₁ ” = 0 to the control inputs of the device, the intensity of the optical signal at the output of the optical N + 1-input nanofiber combiner 2 will be 5 conventional units . - as a result, the inner nanotube 4 _{1 will} move to position S ₅ , at which the signals from the information inputs "D ₅₁ -D ₅₂ " are fed to the outputs of the device Y ₂ = 1, Y ₁ = l.

When applying optical signals equal to “x ₃ ” = 1, “x ₂ ” = 0, “x ₁ ” = 1 or “x ₃ ” = 1, “x ₂ ” = 1, “x ₁ ” = 0 or “x ₃ ” = 1, “x ₂ ” = 1, “x ₁ ” = 1, the intensity of the optical signal at the output of the optical N + 1-input nanofiber combiner 2 will be from 6 to 8 conventional units - as a result, the inner nanotube 4 _{1 will} move to one of the positions (S ₆ ... S ₈ ) in which, signals from the corresponding information inputs "D _i1 -D _i2 " (i = 6 ... 8) are fed to the outputs of the device Y ₂ = 1, Y ₁ = 1.

Thus, depending on the combination of signals at the inputs "x _N ", "x ₂ " and "x ₁ " at the outputs of the device Y ₁ ... Y _M , optical signals will appear on the information inputs "D _i1 -D _i2 ".

It should be noted that the input "x ₁ " can be used as an analog control input, and analog optical signals can be supplied to the inputs of the input optical nanofibers, which will allow encoding of analog signals.

The simplicity of this optical nano-amplifier, high speed and the possibility of nanoscale execution make it very promising in the development and creation of optical computing nanomachines and transceiver nanodevices.

Claims (1)

An optical coding nanodevice containing a source of constant optical signal, an optical nanofiber Q-output splitter, an optical Q-input nanofiber combiner, two telescopic nanotubes - internal and external, characterized in that N-1 optical nano amplifiers are introduced into it, optical N + 1- input nanofiber combiner, second source of constant optical signal, P groups of input optical nanofibers, P groups of intermediate optical nanofibres, P groups of output optical nanofibres he, M optical P-input nanofiber combiners, and the information inputs of the device are the inputs of P groups of input optical nanofibers, the control inputs of the device are the first input of the optical N + 1-input nanofiber combiner and the inputs of the optical nanofoils, the output of the first source of constant optical signal is connected to the first the input of the optical N + 1-input nanofiber combiner, the outputs of the optical nano amplifiers are connected to the inputs of the optical N + 1-input nanofiber combiner The output of the second source of constant optical signal is connected to the input of the optical nanofiber Q-output splitter, the outputs of the optical nanofiber Q-output splitter are optically connected to the inputs of the optical Q-input nanofiber feedback combiner, P groups of input optical nanofibres, and the optical nanofiber Q-output the splitter is located in mutually perpendicular planes, telescopic nanotubes are located between the outputs of the optical N + 1-input nanofiber carrier and optical Q-input nanofiber feedback combiner along the propagation axis of their output optical signals, the output of each input optical nanofiber is optically connected to the input of one intermediate optical nanofiber, and the output of each intermediate optical nanofiber is optically connected to the input of one output optical nanofiber, each group of output optical nanofibers connected to the inputs of the same name of optical nanofiber P-input combiners, outputs of optical nanofibres nnyh P-input combiners are the outputs of the device.

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