RU2479994C1 - Device for loading and unloading of animals from vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: device relates to agriculture, in particular to a device for loading and unloading of animals from vehicles. The device comprises a deck with side barriers and support racks. The racks are equipped with hydraulic height regulators. The bases of the hydraulic cylinders are rigidly fixed in near-hole foundations. On each side of the deck behind the side barriers the passages are made on both sides with the outer barriers. Behind the deck outlet, adjacent to it, with the ability of vertical movement a latticed "П"-shaped frame is mounted, which ends are rigidly connected to the rods of the hydraulic cylinders mounted on the foundation. At a distance of 0.5 m from the outlet the transverse rails are made in the deck, in which the sliding doors are mounted through the support rollers with the ability of their fixation.

EFFECT: invention provides a simplified design and reduced stress and injury to animals during their loading and unloading, as well as reduced injury in operator.

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Description

The device relates to agriculture, in particular to devices for loading and unloading animals from vehicles.

Known overpass for loading and unloading animals from vehicles (AS No. 1227575, B65G 67/00, B65G 69/22), comprising a frame with a bottom and sides mounted on the chassis with the possibility of rotation in the vertical plane, equipped with fixed on the sides of the guides on which the carriage with a folding front wall is mounted with the possibility of moving an additional drive, and the specified bottom consists of at least two parts: a movable drive in a longitudinal vertical plane and a fixed one in which hatches with lifting mechanisms for interacting with the supports of the container, which is installed in the fixed part of the bottom with the possibility of interacting with the specified carriage, are made, and in the fixed part of the bottom there is a stand for interacting with the front wall of the container. The wall is mounted to move along the rails that are mounted in the side walls of the container.

When using the device, it is difficult to load animals and unload them from various vehicles, which is caused by the lack of smooth height adjustment and reliable enclosing devices.

The closest analogue to the claimed device includes a mobile gangway for animals (AS No. 685245, A01K 29/00), including a deck with side rails mounted on a uniaxial chassis having retractable support legs, two platforms with swivels are installed at the ends of the deck fencing, and the front and rear support legs are equipped with hydraulic height controls. An alarm switch is installed on the front support post. The flooring is made of perforated material having transverse anti-skid ribs.

The disadvantages of this device are:

1. The complexity of the design.

2. Moving animals on an inclined surface, especially with a large angle of inclination, can lead to both stressful conditions of animals and their injury.

3. The presence of workers on the viaduct (injury zone) during loading and unloading of animals.

The objective of the invention is to simplify the design and reduce stress and injuring animals during loading and unloading, as a result, reducing injuries to operators.

The problem is solved due to the fact that the device for loading and unloading animals from the vehicle, containing a deck with side rails, support racks equipped with hydraulic height adjusters, while the bases of the hydraulic cylinders are rigidly fixed in the pit foundations, and on the sides of the deck on both sides passages with external barriers are installed on the side fences, while the exit of the flooring, adjacent to it, with the possibility of vertical movement, has a limited U-shaped frame, to gical which is rigidly connected with rods of hydraulic cylinders mounted on the base, and at a distance of 0.5 m from the outlet formed in the stack transverse guide on which the support rollers are installed through a sliding door, with their fixation

New significant features:

1. The bases of the hydraulic cylinders are rigidly fixed in the sump

foundations.

2. On the sides of the flooring, on both sides, behind the side fences, passages with external fences are installed.

3. Behind the exit of the flooring, adjacent to it with the possibility of vertical movement, a sheathed U-shaped frame is installed, the ends of which are rigidly connected to the rods of hydraulic cylinders mounted on the foundation.

4. At a distance of up to 0.5 m from the exit in the deck transverse guides are made, on which sliding doors with the possibility of their fixation are installed through the support rollers.

The listed new essential features, together with the known ones, are necessary and sufficient to achieve a technical result in all cases to which the requested amount of legal protection applies.

The proof of the technical result is that the proposed device makes it possible to improve operational properties and eliminate injuries due to the fact that it:

1) the bases of the hydraulic cylinders are rigidly fixed in the pit foundations for the stability of the device and the possibility of installing the flooring at ground level;

2) on the sides of the flooring behind the side rails there are installed passages with external rails for finding the operator in an area that excludes injury to animals and cases of operator fall;

3) behind the exit of the flooring, adjacent to it with the possibility of vertical movement, a bounded U-shaped frame is installed, the ends of which are rigidly connected to the rods of hydraulic cylinders mounted on the foundation to prevent animals from jumping out after loading and unloading.

4) at a distance of up to 0.5 m from the exit in the deck transverse guides are made, on which sliding doors are installed through the support rollers with the possibility of their fixation to freely lower the side of the vehicle body onto the device flooring and prevent animals from moving before installing the side board on the floor and create safe passage of animals.

Figure 1 - schematically shows a device for loading and unloading animals from a vehicle (top view).

Figure 2 - schematically shows a device for loading and unloading animals from a vehicle with the bottom position of the deck in the process

filling it with animals.

Figure 3 - schematically shows a device for loading and unloading animals from the vehicle with the top position of the deck during the transition of animals from the flyover to the vehicle body.

Figure 4 - schematically shows the hydraulic system of a device for loading and unloading animals from a vehicle

The device is mounted at the exit of the loading enclosure 1 of animals 2 with its open doors 3 and open doors 4 installed at the entrance of the flooring 5. On the sides of the flooring 5 behind its side fences are installed passages 6 with external fences on both sides. At a distance of up to 0.5 m from the exit of the deck 5 from the side of the vehicle 7, transverse guides are made in the deck 5, on which sliding doors 8 are mounted via support rollers with the possibility of their fixation. Sliding doors 8 carry out their trajectories along U-shaped guides, for example, a channel fixed to the floor of the floor 5 with the possibility of opening them on the left and right of the floor 5 for 1 m and fixing them; the ends of the U-shaped guides have supporting boundary shelves that exclude the sliding doors 8 from falling out of the channel with the left and right positions.

Behind the exit of the flooring 5, adjoining it with the possibility of vertical movement, a sheathed U-shaped frame 9 is installed, the ends of which are rigidly connected to the rods 10 of the 2 hydraulic cylinders 11 installed on the foundation 12. The flooring 5 is based on its corners on the rods 13 of the hydraulic cylinders 14 The rods 13 of the hydraulic cylinders 14 are included in 4 support holes 15 with a depth of 10 cm. The bases of the hydraulic cylinders 14 are rigidly fixed in the pit foundations 16. In the pit foundation 17 a hydraulic pump 18 is mounted, which drives the electric motor 19 of the hydraulic pump 18. The hydraulic pump 18 along the hydraulic lines 20 supplies oil to the 4 hydraulic cylinders 14 for raising the floor 5, the height of which is regulated by the pressure reducing valve 21. The lowering of the floor 5 is regulated by the pressure reducing valve 22, the oil from the hydraulic cylinders 14 enters through the hydraulic lines 23 into the oil tank 24. The limited U-shaped frame 9 lowered by means of a pressure reducing valve 22, the oil from the hydraulic cylinders 11 enters through the hydraulic lines 26 to the oil tank 24, and the rise is carried out by the pressure reducing valve 21, the oil from the hydraulic cylinders 11 enters through the hydraulic lines 25 to the oil tank 24.

The device mounted in the place of loading and unloading works as follows. Selected for transportation of animals 2 (figure 1) are driven to the walking area 1 outside the farm. Next, open the gate 3 of the platform inward, and the entrance doors 4 of the device outward, enclosing the side passages for animals 2 and leaving only the passage directly to the floor 5. After loading the device with the required number of animals 2, close the doors 3 of the walking platform, and then the doors 4 of the floor 5. The operator performing the loading operation enters the passage 6, fenced off by the wall from the animals 2. After that, the cargo vehicle 7 is fitted to the deck 5. The operator snaps the latches on the rear side of the vehicle 7 and rests it on the sheathed P- braznuyu frame 9; then the electric motor 19 is turned on (Fig. 3), which drives the hydraulic pump 18, fed with oil from the oil tank 24, feeding it along the hydraulic line 20 in the 4-cylinder 14, which raise the flooring 5 with the animals 2 and the operators to the height of the floor of the transport body means 7, the lifting height is regulated by a pressure reducing valve 21 installed in the discharge hydraulic line 20 and transferring the oil to the oil tank 24. Lowering the sheathed U-shaped frame 9 is carried out using 2 hydraulic cylinders 11, thanks to the pressure reducing valve 22, which bypasses oil from 2 hydraulic cylinders 11 to the oil tank 24 along the hydraulic line 26. Lowering the floor 5 to the previous initial level is carried out thanks to the pressure reducing valve 22, which transfers oil from the 4 hydraulic cylinders 14 to the oil tank 24 along the hydraulic line 23, raising the sheared U-shaped frame 9 it is carried out by means of a pressure reducing valve 21, which transfers oil from 2 hydraulic cylinders to the oil tank 24 via a hydraulic line 25.

When raising the floor 5 and lowering the sheathed U-shaped frame 9 to the floor level of the vehicle 7, the tailgate lowers onto the floor 5, and the operators located in the aisles 6 of the floor 5 push the sliding doors 8 of the floor 5 to their left and right to the desired width, fixing them with latches in the openings (latches are not shown in the figure) of the flooring 5. This opens the entrance for the animals 2 from the flooring 5 to the floor of the vehicle 7. When all the animals 2 move into the vehicle 7, the operators close the sliding doors 8. The limited U-shaped frame 9 rises to the required height (usually not less than 1.3 m from the height of the floor of the vehicle 7), which excludes the exit (jumping) of animals back to the floor 5, then the floor 5 is lowered to the initial level. Next, the download cycle is repeated.

Unloading animals 2 is carried out in reverse order. The presence of different distances between the rods of the side fences of the flooring 5 (the closer to the floor, the smaller the distance between them) allows loading and unloading of animals of 2 different sizes and ages (lambs, pigs, kids, calves), excluding the possibility of their penetration through the fences for the small distance between the fences of the design specified above.

Claims (1)

A device for loading and unloading animals from a vehicle, containing a deck with side rails, support racks equipped with hydraulic height adjusters, characterized in that the hydraulic cylinder bases are rigidly fixed in the pit foundations, and on the sides of the deck, there are external walkways on both sides of the rails fencing, while the exit of the flooring, adjacent to it, with the possibility of vertical movement is set to a bounded U-shaped frame, the ends of which are rigidly connected to the rod E hydraulic cylinders mounted on the base, and at a distance of 0.5 m from the outlet formed in the stack transverse guide in which the support rollers are installed through a sliding door, with their fixation.

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