RU2479974C1 - Method of presowing treatment of alfalfa seeds - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of agriculture. The method includes soaking of seeds in aqueous solution of biological product and plant-stimulant. The seeds are soaked in the 0.2-0.3% solution of ragweed for 6-8 hours. Before sowing the wet seeds are enveloped with crushed legume bacteria selected from the rhizosphere of alfalfa plants of 2-3 years of life in the budding-flowering stage.

EFFECT: method enables to improve the seed germinating ability and viability, and also to reduce seed hardness.

1 tbl, 2 ex

Description

The invention relates to the field of agriculture and may find application in the preparation of alfalfa seeds for sowing.

A known method in which to increase the germination of seeds used the drug Alto-super and salicylic acid, soaking them in an aqueous solution of these substances (patent No. 2406286 from 12/20/2010, IPC A01C 1/06).

The known method is not effective enough, especially for herbs that before inoculation are inoculated with nitrogen-fixing bacteria such as Rizobium.

A known method is where the seeds are coated with a film-forming substance of ether containing nitrogen-containing compounds, using organic glass waste and tack pitch. In this case, a complex of various compounds is used that form a protective film on the surface of the seeds. The introduction of chemicals teramethylthiuramsulfide (TMTD) and sodium salt of carboxycellulose (NaKMts) complicates the technical solution process, and the introduction of nitrogen-containing compounds inhibits the development of nodule-fixing bacteria located on the roots of alfalfa (patent No. 2052233 dated 01.20.1998, IPC А01С / 06).

The closest technical solution is the method in which the seeds are soaked in an aqueous solution of the biological product Baikal EM-1 with the addition of 5% dioica nettle (patent No. 2264069 from 01/10/2005, IPC А01С 1/00).

As a disadvantage of the prototype method, it should be noted that dioecious nettle has a small distribution area (in thickets, on roadsides), which does not always exist.

The prepared composition is not always effective for seeds of legumes, in particular for alfalfa, where the inoculation of seeds with nodule bacteria is a must.

EFFECT: increased seed germination.

The technical solution of the claimed object is that, unlike the prototype method, alfalfa seeds are soaked in 0.2-0.3% aqueous solution of ragweed ragweed for 6-8 hours, and before sowing, moist seeds are enveloped with ground nodule bacteria selected from the rhizosphere of alfalfa plants 2-3 years of life in the phase of budding - flowering.

The method is as follows. Ambrosia wormwood (Ambrosia Artemisiafolia) has a complex of chemicals containing essential oils, glycosides, a complex of macronutrients that stimulate seed germination. In contrast to dioecious nettle, ragweed grows everywhere, including as a weed plant on crops of cultivated plants.

The rationale for the selected method parameters (02, -0.3%) is explained by the presence of hard alfalfa seeds. Higher doses inhibit germination due to the presence of high doses of essential oils of ragweed (up to 2%). Less than 0.2% germination process will be slow.

Typically, legume seeds are inoculated with a rhizotorfin biologic containing nodule bacteria of the genus Rizobium.

In this object, nitrogen-fixing bacteria are selected from well-developed plants of the upper part of the root system in the range of 0-20 cm in the phase of maximum development of 2-3 years of life (budding-flowering phase), when the nodule bacteria are most active.

The selection of 5-8 plants is sufficient to obtain a biological product per hectare of sowing. Moreover, nodule bacteria can be selected without being separated from the ground, and part of it should be left together with the roots where the nodules are located and stored in a warm place for a year at a temperature not lower than 10-15 ° С.

Before sowing, wet alfalfa seeds are wrapped with ground roots with bacteria and soil and sown at the rate of 300 g per hectare (15 kg of seeds).

Example 1. From well-developed plants of the second year of life, from the 2nd mowing to the flowering phase (end of July), nodule bacteria were taken together with the root system at a depth of 0-20 cm, without washing and cleaning the roots from the ground, since they can also be in it nitrogen-fixing nodule bacteria. Dried in a dark place at a temperature of 10-15 ° C. In the spring, when preparing seeds for sowing, a solution was prepared from ambrosia wormwood plants (Ambrosia Artemisiafolia), filled with boiling water, insisted for 15-20 minutes, filtered and soaked in seeds for 6 hours. Wet seeds were coated with crushed alfalfa roots along with nodule bacteria in an amount of 300 g per hectare seed rate.

Example 2. During the summer sowing of alfalfa (end of July - beginning of August), the seeds are soaked in an aqueous solution from selected growing ragweed, from which 30 mg of juice per 1 liter of water was obtained. After 8 hours, the soaked seeds were coated with crushed fresh roots of the 2nd year of life of fresh plants of the same year of vegetation at the rate of 400 g per hectare seed rate.

The results of the experiments are summarized in the table, from which it follows that the proposed option has higher rates of germination and germination energy while reducing hard seed.

Experience Options Germination energy,% Seed germination,% The amount of hard seeds,% Control (soaking in water) 72 76 13 Soaking in ragweed (3-4 hours) 81 87 eleven Soaking in ragweed (6-8 hours) 85 89 12 Soaking in ragweed (9-10 hours) 76 82 10 Seed treatment with crushed roots and soaking in water) 85 90 12 Proposed 92 96 8

The proposed method allows without additional costs for the purchase of chemical and biological products to increase seed germination by 20%.

Claims (1)

A method for pre-sowing treatment of alfalfa seeds, including soaking the seeds in an aqueous solution of a biological product and a stimulant plant, characterized in that the seeds are soaked in a 0.2-0.3% solution of ragweed for 6-8 hours, and before sowing, wet seeds enveloped with crushed nodule bacteria selected from the rhizosphere of alfalfa plants 2-3 years of life in the budding - flowering phase.