RU2477657C1 - Hammer crusher - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: process engineering.

SUBSTANCE: proposed crusher comprises casing with intake and discharge cones, bearings for shaft with rotor and plate-like hammers with sharp edges and sieve arranged there under. Hub with blower blades arranged inside scroll is fitted on shaft extension. Scroll suction tube communicates with discharge cone mesh minus space while delivery tube is secured tangentially to cyclone mounted on said casing.

EFFECT: higher efficiency of crushing rubber wastes.

1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to hammer crushers for grinding elastic materials. It can be most widely used for grinding rubber waste, in particular worn tires.

Worn tires are the most difficult to grind material due to the presence of a metal and textile cord in them, as well as due to the absorption of impact energy due to hysteresis. Therefore, hammer crushers are mainly used for grinding chilled and brittle rubber in liquid nitrogen. The grinding efficiency reaches a high level in this case, but the energy intensity of the process increases sharply, and the quality of the powder falls to the same extent.

For grinding rubber at room temperature, hammer crushers with plate hammers are used.

Known rotary crusher (AS USSR No. 1818144, V02S 13/02, from 11.10.1992), containing a housing with a receiving and unloading funnels, unloading grill, bearings for a shaft with a rotor and plate saws. A disadvantage of the known crusher is the low grinding efficiency of tires due to blunt edges of beats and rubber overheating.

Also known is the hammer crusher adopted for the prototype (patent for a utility model of the Russian Federation No. 85363, В02С 13/04, dated 10.08.2009), containing a housing with a receiving and unloading funnel, bearings for a shaft with a rotor and plate saws with sharp edges, under which placed the screening grid. The crusher is much more effective than the previous counterpart due to pointed beats. However, due to heating and random destruction, rubber crumb with textile and metal cord accumulates on the grate, prevents the passage of smaller particles and is drawn into the circulation inside the grinding chamber, which significantly reduces the grinding efficiency.

The present invention is to increase the degree of grinding of rubber waste.

Another goal is to increase the productivity of the crusher.

Both tasks are accomplished in a hammer mill, containing a housing with a receiving and unloading funnel, bearings for a shaft with a rotor and blade bits with sharp edges, under which a screening grid is placed, in accordance with the present invention, a hub with fan blades mounted inside the cochlea is fixed on the shaft shank the suction nozzle of which is connected to the under-sieve space of the discharge funnel, and the discharge nozzle is tangentially fixed to the cyclone mounted on the housing.

The proposed crusher in a longitudinal section is shown in Fig. 1.

It contains a housing 1 with a receiving 2 and unloading 3 funnels, bearings 4 for a shaft 5 with a rotor 6 and a plate-shaped beater, suspended around the perimeter 7. Suspended by a rotor 6, a screening grid 8 is installed under the rotor 6, and under it to the side of the discharge funnel 3 connected to the suction pipe 9 of the fan 10, mounted on the housing 1 of the crusher. The rotor 11 of the fan is mounted on the shaft 5. The snail of the fan 10 has a central hole for suction of air through the pipe 9 and a tangential discharge pipe 12, which is also connected tangentially with the cyclone 13 mounted on the housing 1. The cyclone 13 has an upper outlet pipe 14 for textile cord and lower branch pipe 15 for rubber powder.

The shaft 5 is connected to the electric motor 16 through the clutch 17. The electric motor 16 and the crusher body 1 are fixed on the supporting frame 18.

Crusher works as follows.

Pieces of tires are loaded through the intake funnel 2 and fall on the rotor 6, which receives rotation from the electric motor 16 through the coupling 17 and the shaft 5. The crushed material falls on the grill 8 and partially penetrates the discharge funnel 3, where the textile cord and powder fraction are sucked together with air and through the suction pipe 9, the rotor 11 of the fan 10, the discharge pipe 12 are fed into the cyclone 13, where in a vortex flow the textile cord is separated and thrown out through the upper output pipe 14, and the crumb rubber is heavier second and less volatile, it is discharged through the lower pipe 15. Larger particles of rubber and steel cord passing through the grill 8 exit through the discharge funnel 3 for subsequent magnetic separation and classification.

Thus, the tasks are completely solved in the inventive crusher due to the distinguishing features. In particular, concentrated and high-speed blows hit pieces of rubber to ensure their selective grinding with the pulling of the cord. The flow of air drawn from under the grate captures the textile cord, which interferes with further evacuation and grinding processes, together with the rubber powder, which are separated in a cyclone. All of this together provides increased productivity and fineness.

Claims (1)

A hammer crusher comprising a housing with a receiving and unloading funnel, bearings for a shaft with a rotor and plate blades with sharp edges, under which a screening grill is placed, characterized in that a hub with fan blades mounted inside the scroll is fixed to the shaft shank, the suction pipe of which is connected with the under-sieve space of the discharge funnel, and the discharge pipe is tangentially fixed to the cyclone mounted on the housing.

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