RU2477427C2 - Refrigerator and evaporator for such refrigerator - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: electrical engineering.

SUBSTANCE: refrigerating apparatus is designed with at least one storage box cooled by an evaporator in the form of a plate and one refrigeration circuit containing such evaporator in the form of a plate. The channel (1) for the evaporator cooling medium is divided into at least two pipeline branches (4, 5) that cool the storage box, are included into the refrigeration circuit in parallel and have gravity centres (9, 10) distanced from each other.

EFFECT: distance between the gravity centres exceeds the ratio of the evaporator surface area to the length of the channel laid along the said evaporator; the invention usage will allow to reduce the refrigerator energy consumption.

9 cl, 2 dwg

Description

Technical field

The invention relates to a refrigerating apparatus with at least one storage compartment and one refrigerating circuit comprising an evaporator for cooling the storage compartment, as well as an evaporator for such a refrigerating apparatus.

State of the art

Such evaporators typically comprise a plate on which loops of refrigerant piping run from the inlet to the outlet. The hinges, as a rule, are arranged at equal intervals, sequentially in the direction of installation of the evaporator from top to bottom. That is, when at the beginning of the cooling phase the refrigerant enters the evaporator, the liquid refrigerant and, along with it, the cooling effect gradually spread from top to bottom over the entire surface of the evaporator. It may take several minutes for the entire evaporator surface to cool evenly. This effect is stronger, the larger the area of the evaporator plate and / or the length of its pipe, and the more intense the heat transfer on the surface of the evaporator. As a result, at the beginning of each working phase of the refrigeration circuit, efficient heat transfer occurs only in one part of the surface of the evaporator. As a result, the operating time of the refrigeration circuit required to remove a given amount of heat from the storage compartment, as well as the energy consumption of the refrigeration apparatus, is increased.

Disclosure of invention

The objective of the invention is the development of a refrigeration apparatus with reduced energy consumption and an evaporator suitable for such a refrigeration apparatus.

The problem is solved, on the one hand, due to the fact that at least two piping branches are formed on the evaporator in the refrigeration unit with at least one storage compartment and one refrigerant circuit containing an evaporator, cooling the storage compartment. These branches are included in the refrigeration circuit in parallel and have spaced centers of gravity. Due to the parallel inclusion in both branches of the pipeline when the refrigeration circuit is turned on, liquid refrigerant simultaneously begins to flow; since their centers of gravity are remote from each other, the cooling effect is concentrated, respectively, in different areas of the evaporator. Thus, after the start of the cooling phase, a more uniform distribution of cold over the evaporator is achieved, that is, the time interval between the beginning of the cooling phase and the uniform cooling of the entire evaporator is reduced.

This effect is the greater, the farther apart the centers of gravity of the pipeline branches are located; therefore, the distance between the centers of gravity should at least exceed the ratio of the surface of the evaporator to the length of the refrigerant piping laid along it. In a special case, the pipeline branches can be divided due to the fact that the boundary between the regions cooled by one and the other pipeline branches, the length of which (the border) does not exceed the sum of the lengths of the edges of the evaporator, can be stretched on the evaporator.

In addition, it is advisable that the cooling effect first develops in regions of the evaporator that are remote from each other, and then spreads from there over the entire surface of the evaporator. To do this, the pipeline branches are rationally positioned so that, at least on one of the branches, the length of the pipeline between the starting point of the pipeline branch (inlet) and the point of this branch maximally distant from the center of the evaporator is less than the length of the pipeline between the point, maximally remote from the center of the evaporator, and the end point of the same pipeline branch (outlet).

To ensure uniform distribution of cold along the pipeline branches, it is advisable to include a common throttle valve in front of these pipeline branches. Thus, the possible dispersed hydraulic resistance of the throttle valve due to the production process cannot affect the distribution of the refrigerant along the pipeline branches.

The branching forming the inlet of the pipe branches is preferably located on the evaporator plate itself. Thus, only one inlet must be connected to the evaporator plate in order to supply refrigerant to all piping branches.

Accordingly, the confluence point, which forms the outlet of the pipe branches and is intended for the removal of refrigerant, is also advantageously located on the evaporator plate.

In order to evenly distribute the available cooling power across the branches of the pipeline, these branches preferably have the same flow resistance. It is not necessary that all branches of the pipeline have the same length or the same section, however, in order to equalize the hydraulic resistance, the shorter branch of the pipeline has a smaller section of the pipe compared to a longer branch. Preferably, the plate-shaped evaporator is mounted vertically in the refrigerator.

In addition, the problem is solved by the evaporator for the refrigeration unit, on the plate of which there are pipelines connected in parallel to the common inlet.

Brief Description of the Drawings

Other features and advantages of the invention arise from the following description of embodiments taking into account the attached figures. The figures depict:

Figure 1: schematic view of an evaporator according to the invention for a refrigeration apparatus with a single storage compartment.

Figure 2: a second embodiment of an evaporator according to the invention.

The implementation of the invention

The figure 1 presents a schematic top view of an evaporator for a refrigerator with a single storage compartment, for example, for a refrigerator or freezer. The evaporator in a known manner can be made by a person skilled in the art from a flat plate on which a pipe is mounted as a channel 1 for a refrigerant, or a flat plate and a plate in which a channel 1 for a refrigerant is extruded. In the proposed case, the second option is preferable, since the manufacture of the specified channel for the refrigerant is facilitated, as will be described later. At the inlet located in the upper left corner of the plate, the suction pipe 11 leading to the compressor of the refrigeration unit is connected to the refrigerant channel 1. The capillary 2, laid inside the suction pipe, is tightly inserted into the narrowness of the refrigerant channel 1 at the inlet 12. The evaporator can be mounted, for example, on the rear wall of the refrigerator, between the inner cavity and the layer of insulating foam, with a flat plate towards the inner cavity. However, the invention can also be applied to an evaporator located in the internal cavity of the refrigerator and enveloping the freezer compartment.

Downstream from the inlet location 12, a branching 3 is formed in the channel 1 for the refrigerant, in which the flow of refrigerant diverges along the two branches 4, 5 of the pipeline. The branch 4 of the pipeline occupies, in general, the upper half of the evaporator plate and extends several U-shaped loops to the point 6 merge, where it again connects to the branch 5 of the pipeline. The branch 5 of the pipeline extends from the branch 3 first along the edges of the evaporator plate to the lower edge, where it, forming a loop, is also brought to the place 6 merge. In both branches 4, 5 of the pipeline, the length of the pipe between branch 3 and the maximum remote from the center of the plate point 7 or 8 of the branch pipe is much less than the distance from point 7 or 8 to the point 6 merge. Due to this, when refrigerant enters the evaporator, the cooling effect rapidly develops in two places of the plate that are remote from each other and spreads from two directions to the center of the plate. Thus, the entire plate is rapidly cooled.

The distance between the centers of gravity 9, 10 of the piping branches 4, 5 is many times greater than the distance d between adjacent parallel turns of the piping branches 4, 5 and, thus, significantly exceeds the ratio of the plate area to the total length of the refrigerant channel 1 laid along it.

The figure 2 presents the second embodiment of the evaporator. While in the embodiment according to figure 1 it is possible to clearly distinguish the upper half of the plate, which is cooled as a whole by branch 4 of the pipeline, and the lower half of the plate, which is cooled exclusively by branch 5 of the pipeline, in the embodiment according to figure 2 there is no such clear separation. The upper half of the evaporator plate here is also cooled as a whole only by branch 4 of the pipeline, while branch 5 of the pipeline along the upper and right edges of the plate is sent to the lower half of the plate by the shortest path, however, in this lower half of branch 4, 5 of the pipeline pass next to each other . The principle of operation, however, is similar to the embodiment according to figure 1. Since the branch 5 of the pipeline reaches the lower half of the plate directly, it with a slight delay after the flow of refrigerant to the evaporator begins to cool its lower half, long before the liquid refrigerant branch 4 of the pipeline reaches the lower half of the plate. Thus, in this case as well, the cooling effect begins to spread from the upper edge of the plate, and shortly afterwards continues to spread from below over the entire surface of the plate.

Since the branches 4, 5 of the pipeline do not extend along each other alongside each other, in this embodiment the centers of gravity 9, 10 of the branches 4, 5 of the pipeline are located at a considerable distance from each other.

While in the embodiment according to FIG. 1, the branches 4, 5 of the pipeline are generally of equal length, in the embodiment according to FIG. 2, the branch 5 of the pipeline is much shorter than the branch 4. In order to ensure uniform distribution of the refrigerant and, therefore, cold over the two branches 4 5 of the pipeline, the section of the pipe of branch 5 is made smaller than the section of the pipe of branch 4. Given the length of both branches 4, 5, the section can be chosen so that both branches 4, 5 have the same hydraulic resistance. Given the fact that the loops of branch 5 of the pipeline occupy less than half of the surface of the plate, and in addition, the lower half of the plate in stationary operation is also cooled by branch 4 of the pipeline, the hydraulic resistance of branch 5 of the pipeline may exceed the hydraulic resistance of branch 4 of the pipeline.

Claims (9)

1. A refrigeration apparatus with at least one storage compartment cooled by a plate-shaped evaporator and one refrigeration circuit containing a plate-type evaporator, characterized in that the channel (1) for the evaporator refrigerant is divided into at least two branches (4, 5) of the pipeline that cool the storage compartment are connected in parallel to the refrigeration circuit and have gravity centers (9, 10) remote from each other, and the distance between the centers of gravity (9, 10) exceeds the ratio of the surface area of the evaporator to the length of the laid thereon channel (1) for the refrigerant. 2. The refrigeration apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, at least on one of the branches (4, 5), the length of the pipeline between the starting point (3) of the branch (4, 5) of the pipeline (inlet) and the point (7, 8) this branch (4, 5), as far as possible from the center of the evaporator in the form of a plate, is less than the length of the pipeline between the point (7, 8), as far as possible from the center of the evaporator, and the end point (6) of the same branch (4, 5) pipeline (by release). 3. The refrigeration apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that a common throttle valve (2) is included in front of the branches (4, 5) of the pipeline. 4. The refrigeration apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the plate-shaped evaporator comprises a branch (3) forming the starting point (inlet) of the pipe branches (4, 5). 5. The refrigeration apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the plate-shaped evaporator comprises a fusion point (6) forming the end point (outlet) of the pipe branches (4, 5). 6. The refrigeration apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the branches (4, 5) of the pipeline have the same hydraulic resistance. 7. The refrigeration apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the section of the shorter branch (5) of the pipeline is less than the section of the longer (4) branch of the pipeline. 8. The refrigerator according to claim 1, characterized in that the plate-shaped evaporator is installed vertically in the refrigerator. 9. The evaporator for the refrigeration apparatus according to one of the preceding paragraphs, characterized in that on the evaporator plate there are branches (4, 5) of the pipeline, which are in parallel included in the common inlet (12).

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