RU2475679C2 - Energy-saving electric stove, which is environmentally safe and harmless for humans - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: power industry.

SUBSTANCE: electric stove includes 1-10 tubular electric heaters or 1-10 open incandescence wires with ceramic insulators in one row, which are installed in the cavity of external cover on 1.0-200 mm layer of expanded-clay plate, power switches, lamp signal devices and electric current supply cable. Saucepans with a double bottom are installed in the cavity of expanded-clay plate on each tubular electric heater. A boiled-away water collecting plate is installed on upper side of expanded-clay plate. Upper side of each saucepan is closed with a cover plate performing the function of an oven. In lower cavities of expanded-clay plate there are cavities of straight-line or snake form, in which 1-20 pipelines with diameter of 4.0-50 mm are installed and located under each tubular electric heater, connected via common pipeline to urban water-supply system and to titanium intended for hot boiled water, insulated with heat-protective material - fibre glass and wire, thus forming a closed water-supply system. The above pipelines can be connected to radiators of heat network of domestic and industrial buildings via a common pipeline, thus forming a closed water-supply system. The above connections can be made so that an open pipeline system can be formed.

EFFECT: providing energy saving, safe operation and multifunctionality.

3 dwg

Description

The electric stove belongs to the field of energy for its use in everyday life, in public canteens and restaurants.

Known electric heating devices made on the basis of tubular electric heating elements; electrode electric heaters or electric heaters with open fuel elements; induction heating plants; transformer-type electric heaters that contain a step-down transformer, primary and secondary windings and an open wire of high resistance (see VN Kuzmin. Transformer-type electric heaters. - Vladivostok: Dalnauka, 2001. - 144 p.).

Known gas stoves, which are made on the basis of burners and natural gas supplied from a common network through pipelines to production facilities and residential buildings.

The closest analogue is an electric stove, which is made on the basis of tubular heating elements, for example, Dream-4M, corresponding to class 1 electrical appliances of the usual type EPT 2-2,0 / 220 GOST 14919-83, designed for cooking, which contains tubular electric heaters, power switches and light-signal illumination (see Operating Instructions for electric stove PE4M 00.000 RE of Zlatoust Machine-Building Plant, 456208, Zlatoust, Chelyabinsk Region, Parkovye proezd, 1).

The disadvantages of known electric stoves and gas stoves are:

- when 1 kg of natural gas is burned, 1.5 kg of oxygen contained in the air is burned (similarly, when 1 kg of gasoline is burned in the internal combustion engine, 1.5 kg of oxygen is burned), and if we take into account that about 1.0 burns on the planet Earth billion tons per year of only natural gas, then oxygen burns about 1.5 billion tons per year (when natural gas and oxygen are burned, water is formed, it does not affect nature, but when oxygen is completely burned out in the air, all living things on Earth die);

- with direct contact of the air with a red-hot tubular heater or an open wire of high resistance, a large amount of oxygen burns up (it is difficult to take into account how many billions of people on the Earth use electric stoves and gas stoves and how much oxygen burns).

The technical result is the creation of an electric stove energy-saving, multi-functional, environmentally friendly and safe for people.

The electric stove contains a tubular electric heater, a power switch and a light-signal backlight, characterized in that 1-10 tubular electric heaters in a row installed in the cavity of the outer shell on a layer of 1.0-200 mm expanded clay plate, which are connected to the power switches, with light-signal lights and cable for supplying electric current, which are located in the cavity of the box, fixed from the outside to the outer shell, in the expanded clay cavity on each tubular electric heater ovans of a pan with a double bottom to prevent burning of cooking products to the bottom of the indicated pots, the distance between the lower and upper bottom of each pan is 0.1-100 mm, a sheet is installed on the upper side of the expanded clay plate, which is made along the perimeter of each cavity of the expanded clay plate and around the perimeter an outer shell in the form of a gutter for collecting boiled water, on the upper side each pan is closed by a lid that performs the function of an oven; in the lower cavities of an expanded clay slab, cavities of a rectilinear or serpentine shape are made forms in which 1-20 pipelines are installed, pipelines with a diameter of 4.0-50 mm, located under each tubular electric heater, are connected on one side to a common pipeline with a filter for treating cold water, with a valve and with a city water supply network, and on the other - with a common pipe with a valve, with titanium, wrapped with heat-insulating material with glass wool and a wire that is installed in the casing, with a valve and a common pipe, forming a closed water supply network, the valve is connected to titanium, which is designed to You can use hot boiled water in dishes in which hot drinks are prepared, or titanium filled with boiling water can be used in the dishwasher to clean the dishes from fat, or with a common pipe, valve, radiators from the heating network of residential and utility rooms of dining rooms , restaurants and individual apartments and a common pipeline, forming a closed water network, for the instant heating of water to a boil and its use in the preparation of hot drinks in the lower cavities of expanded clay slabs installed pipelines 4.0–20 mm in diameter, which are connected, on the one hand, to a common pipeline with a filter, to a valve and a city water supply network, and on the other, to a common pipeline, with titanium, a hot water storage tank, glass-wound heat-insulating material and a wire, which is located in the casing and with the valve, forming an open pipeline network, or 1-10 open glow wires of high resistance in one row, on which rectangular ceramic insulators are installed, which are installed in the cavity of the outer shell on layer 1, 0-200 mm expanded clay plate, each open glow wire is connected to the secondary and primary windings of transformers located in the cases, which are fixed from the outside to the outer shell and cables for supplying electric current, which are located in the cavities of the boxes installed on the transformer cases, in expanded clay cavity on ceramic insulators, with a glow wire installed a pan with a double bottom to prevent burning products of cooking to the bottom of each pan, distance e between the lower and upper bottom of each pan is 0.1-100 mm, each pan is installed with the ability to move up and down at a distance of 0.1-100 mm relative to the upper planes of ceramic insulators with screws installed on the handles of each pan resting on a sheet, made along the perimeter of each pan and along the perimeter of the outer shell in the form of a gutter for collecting boiled water, on the upper side each pan is closed by a lid that performs the function of an oven, rectilinear cavities are made in the lower cavities of the expanded clay slab and snake-shaped, in which 1-20 pipelines are installed, pipelines with a diameter of 4.0-50 mm, located under each open glow wire, are connected on one side to a common pipeline with a filter for treating cold water, with a valve and a city water supply network, and on the other hand, with a common pipeline with a valve, with titanium, a glass wool wrapped in heat-shielding material and a wire that is installed in the casing, with a valve and a common pipeline, forming a closed water system, the valve is connected to titanium, which before designated for draining hot boiled water into dishes in which hot drinks are prepared, or titanium filled with boiling water can be used in the dishwasher to clean the dishes from grease, or with a common pipe, valve, radiators from the heating network of residential and utility rooms of canteens, restaurants and individual apartments, a valve and a common pipeline, forming a closed water supply network, for instant heating of water to a boil and its use in the preparation of hot drinks in the lower cavities of expanded clay pipelines with a diameter of 4.0–25 mm were renewed, which, on the one hand, are connected to a common pipeline with a filter for treating cold water, with a valve and a city water supply network, and on the other, to a common pipeline, with titanium, a hot water storage tank, wrapped with heat-protective material glass wool and wire, which is located in the casing and with the valve, forming an open pipeline network.

The electric stove according to the first embodiment is shown in figure 1. Figure 3 shows the electrical diagram of the connections with a tubular heater with light-signal illumination.

The electric stove contains 1-10 tubular electric heaters 1 in a row installed in the cavity of the outer shell 2 on a layer of 1.0-200 mm expanded clay plate 3, which are connected to power switches 4, with light-signal lights 5 and cable 6 for supplying electric current, which located in the cavity of the box 7, fixed from the outside to the outer shell 2, in the cavity of the expanded clay plate 3 on each tubular electric heater 1 there are pans 8 with a double bottom to prevent burning of cooking products to the bottom indicated pots, the distance between the lower and upper bottom of each pan is 0.1-100 mm, sheet 9 is installed on the upper side of the expanded clay plate, which is made along the perimeter of each cavity of the expanded clay plate 3 and around the perimeter of the outer shell 2 in the form of a gutter for collecting boiled water , on the upper side, each pan 8 is closed by a lid 10 that performs the function of an oven; in the lower cavities of the expanded clay slab 3, cavities of a rectilinear or serpentine shape are made, in which 1-20 pipelines 11 are installed, pipelines with a diameter of 4.0-50 mm are located worn under each tubular electric heater 1, on the one hand connected to a common pipe 12 with a filter 13 for cleaning cold water, with a valve 14 and a water supply network 15 of the city network, and on the other hand, with a common pipe 16 with a valve 17, with titanium 18 wound glass-wool heat-insulating material and a wire that is installed in the casing 19 (in Fig. 1, the titanium and the casing are rotated 90 °), with the valve 20 and the common pipe 16, forming a closed water supply network, the valve 21 is connected to the titanium 18, which is designed to drain hot boiled water dishes in which hot drinks are prepared, or titanium 18 filled with boiling water can be used in a dishwasher (the dishwasher is not shown in Fig. 1) for cleaning dishes from grease, or on the other hand with a common pipe 12, valve 22, radiators 23 of the heating network of residential and utility rooms of dining rooms, restaurants and individual apartments and a common pipeline 12, forming a closed water supply network (in Fig. 1 the radiators are turned 90 °), for instantaneous heating of water to a boil and its use in the preparation of hot drinks in the lower In the ceramsite plate cavities 3, pipelines 11 with a diameter of 4.0-20 mm are installed, which are connected on one side to a common pipe 12 with a filter 13, with a valve 14 and a water supply network 15 of the city network, and on the other, with a common pipe 16, with titanium 25, a hot water storage device wrapped in heat-insulating material with glass wool and a wire, which is located in the casing 26 and with the valve 27, forming an open pipe network (in Fig. 1, the titanium and the casing are rotated 90 °).

The electric stove works as follows.

The power cable with a plug (see figure 1, figure 3) is included in the outlet. From the electric network, a current with a variable frequency of 50 Hz and a voltage of 220 V passes through the terminal blocks to each separate five-position power switch 4, to each tubular electric heater 1, and to each light-signal illumination 5 for turning on the specified electric heater. The power of each tubular electric heater is P = 500 watts.

Electric current passing through high-resistance wires passes into thermal energy, while heating each tubular electric heater 1, the bottom of each pan 8, water and cooking products until they are ready.

By changing the resistance of the wires of each power switch, you can change the thermal energy of each tubular electric heater.

In this design of electric stoves, each tubular electric heater, heated red-hot, is located in a closed volume, therefore their thermal energy is used for cooking completely, it does not come into contact with the air, and therefore, oxygen is saved in the atmosphere and people's lives. The use of each lid 13, performing the function of the oven, improves the cooking process.

Simultaneously, from the city water supply network 15, cold water through an open valve 14, a filter 13 for water purification, a common pipe 12, 1-20 of pipelines 11 with a diameter of 4.0-50 mm, located under each tubular electric heater 1 in the cavities of the expanded clay plate 3, is heated and enters the common pipe 16 through the open valve 17 (valves 22, 24 are closed at this moment) to titanium 18 through the open valve 20 into the common pipe 12, forming a closed water supply network.

After filling the water supply network and titanium 18 with water, the valve 14 automatically shuts off the city water supply network (in Fig. 1, the automatic valve control circuit is not shown).

Further heating of the water to a boil in titanium 18 continues due to heat exchange of water at different temperatures at the inlet and outlet of the heat supply network.

To heat the heating water supply network in residential and utility rooms in dining rooms, restaurants and individual apartments, the valves 17, 20 close and open the valves 22, 24. Hot water from the common pipe 16 through the valve 22 enters the radiators 23, the valve 24 and the common pipe 12 forming a closed thermal water supply network. After filling the thermal water supply network with water, the valve 14 automatically shuts off the city water supply network 15. When the temperature of the water in the heating water network reaches 80-100 ° C, steam is formed, which leaves through the pipeline and the storage tank with water into the atmosphere (Fig. 1 shows the pipeline and the storage tank with water).

Installing a water supply network under tubular electric heaters allows you to expand the functions of the electric stove:

- use preheated water to prepare drinks in canteens and restaurants;

- use hot water in dishwashers;

- use hot water in the heating network of residential and utility rooms and individual apartments.

Since the thermal energy of one tubular electric heater in a closed microvolume is fully used for cooking and heating the water of the water supply network to a boil, one electric stove saves a large amount of electricity.

The electric stove according to the second embodiment is shown in figure 2.

The electric stove contains 1-10 open wires 1 of high resistance filament 1 in one row, on which are installed ceramic insulators 2 of rectangular shape, which are installed in the cavity of the outer shell 3 on a layer of 1.0-200 mm expanded clay plate 4, each open incandescent wire 1 is connected to secondary 5 and primary 6 windings of transformers 7 located in the cases 8, which are fixed from the outside to the outer shell 3 and cables 9 for supplying electric current, which are located in the cavities of the boxes 10 mounted on transformer cases, in the cavity of expanded clay plate 4 on ceramic insulators 2, with incandescent wires, a pan 11 with a double bottom is installed to prevent burning of cooking products to the bottom of each pan 11, the distance between the lower and upper bottom of each pan is 0.1-100 mm, each the pan 11 is installed with the ability to move up and down at a distance of 0.1-100 mm relative to the upper planes of the ceramic insulators with screws 12 mounted on the handles of each pan 11 with support on the sheet 13 made along the perimeter each pan and along the perimeter of the outer shell 3 in the form of a gutter for collecting boiled water, on the upper side each pan 11 is closed by a lid 14 that performs the function of the oven, in the lower cavities of the expanded clay plate 4 are made cavities of a rectilinear or serpentine shape, in which 1-20 pipelines 15, pipelines with a diameter of 4.0-50 mm, located under each open glow wire 1, on the one hand connected to a common pipe 16 with a filter 17 for cleaning cold water, with a valve 18 and a water supply network 19 of the city network, and another - with a common pipeline 20 with a valve 21, with titanium 22, wrapped with heat-insulating material with glass wool and a wire that is installed in the casing 23 (in Fig. 1, titanium and the casing are rotated 90 °), with the valve 24 and the common pipe 16, forming a closed water system, valve 25 is connected to titanium 22, which is designed to drain hot boiled water into dishes in which hot drinks are prepared, or titanium 22 filled with boiling water can be used in a dishwasher (the dishwasher is not shown in Fig. 2) for cleaning dishes RA, or on the other hand, with a common pipeline 20, a valve 26, radiators 27 of the heating network of residential and utility rooms of dining rooms, restaurants and individual apartments, a valve 28 and a common pipe 16, forming a closed water supply network (in Fig. 2, the radiators are rotated 90 ° ), for instant heating of water to a boil and its use in the preparation of hot drinks in the lower cavities of expanded clay plate 4, pipelines 15 with a diameter of 4.0-25 mm are installed, which are connected on one side to a common pipe 16 with a filter 17 for treating cold water, with vent 18 and a water supply network 19 of the city network, and on the other hand, with a common pipeline 20, with titanium 29, a hot water storage device, glass wool wrapped in heat-shielding material and wire, which is located in the casing 30 and with valve 31, forming an open pipeline network (in Fig. 1 titanium and casing rotated (90 °)

The electric stove works as follows.

The power cable with a plug (see figure 3) is plugged into an outlet. From the electric network, a current with a variable frequency of 50 Hz and a voltage of 220 V is supplied to the primary 6 and secondary 5 windings of each transformer 7 and each open glow wire 1 of high resistance.

An electric current passing through each open wire 1 of high resistance passes into thermal energy, heating the bottom of each pan 11, water and cooking products until they are ready. Since the high-resistance open glow wire is designed for only one diameter and maximum power, for example, P = 500 W, the water from the pan will quickly evaporate and leak out and products may stick to the bottom of the pan. Therefore, this design provides for the movement of each pan 11 up and down with screws 12 installed in their handles, thus forming a gap between the bottom of each pan 11 and the upper plane of the expanded clay insulator.

In this design, electric stoves open glow wires, heated red-hot, are located in a closed volume, so their thermal energy is used completely, they do not come into contact with the air, and therefore, oxygen is saved in the atmosphere and people's lives. Using the cover 14, which serves as an oven, improves the cooking process.

At the same time, from the city water supply network 19 cold water through an open valve 18, a filter 17 for treating cold water, a common pipe 16, 1-20 of pipelines 15 with a diameter of 4.0-50 mm, located under each open wire 1 of a high resistance glow plug in the expanded clay cavity 4, heats up and enters the common pipeline 20 through the open valve 21 (valves 26, 28 are closed at this moment) to titanium 22 through the open valve 24 into the common pipe 16, forming a closed water supply network.

After filling the water supply network and titanium 22 with water, the valve 18 automatically closes the city water supply network (in Fig. 1, the automatic valve control circuit is not shown).

Further heating of the water to a boil in titanium 22 continues due to heat transfer of water at different temperatures at the inlet and outlet of the heat supply network.

To heat the heating water supply network in residential and utility rooms in dining rooms, restaurants and individual apartments, the valves 21, 24 close and open the valves 26, 28. Hot water from the common pipe 20 through the valve 26 enters the radiators 27, the valve 28 and the common pipe 16 forming a closed thermal water supply network. After filling the thermal water supply network with water, the valve 16 automatically shuts off the city water supply network 19. When the temperature of the water in the heating water network reaches 80-100 ° C, steam is formed, which leaves through the pipeline and the storage tank with water into the atmosphere (Fig. 1 shows the pipeline and the storage tank with water).

Installing a water supply network under tubular electric heaters allows you to expand the functions of the electric stove:

- use preheated water to prepare drinks in canteens and restaurants;

- use hot water in dishwashers;

- use hot water in the heating network of residential and utility rooms and individual apartments.

Since the thermal energy of one tubular electric heater in a closed microvolume is fully used for cooking and heating the water of the water supply network to a boil, one electric stove saves a large amount of electricity.

Claims (1)

The electric stove contains a tubular electric heater, a power switch and a light-signal backlight, characterized in that 1-10 tubular electric heaters in a row installed in the cavity of the outer shell on a layer of 1.0-200 mm expanded clay plate, which are connected to the power switches, with light-signal lights and cable for supplying electric current, which are located in the cavity of the box, fixed from the outside to the outer shell, in the expanded clay cavity on each tubular electric heater ovans of a pan with a double bottom to prevent burning of cooking products to the bottom of the indicated pots, the distance between the lower and upper bottom of each pan is 0.1-100 mm, a sheet is installed on the upper side of the expanded clay plate, which is made along the perimeter of each cavity of the expanded clay plate and around the perimeter an outer shell in the form of a gutter for collecting boiled water, on the upper side each pan is closed by a lid that performs the function of an oven; in the lower cavities of an expanded clay slab, cavities of a rectilinear or serpentine shape are made forms in which 1-20 pipelines are installed, pipelines with a diameter of 4.0-50 mm, located under each tubular electric heater, are connected on one side to a common pipeline with a filter for treating cold water, with a valve and with a city water supply network, and on the other - with a common pipe with a valve, with titanium, wrapped with heat-insulating material with glass wool and a wire that is installed in the casing, with a valve and a common pipe, forming a closed water supply network, the valve is connected to titanium, which is designed to VA hot boiled water in the dishes in which hot drinks are prepared, or titanium filled with boiling water can be used in the dishwasher to clean the dishes from grease, or with a common pipe, valve, radiators from the heating network of residential and utility rooms of dining rooms, restaurants and individual apartments and a common pipeline, forming a closed water network, for the instant heating of water to a boil and its use in the preparation of hot drinks in the lower cavities of expanded clay slabs installed pipelines diam 4.0–20 mm in diameter, which are connected, on the one hand, to a common pipeline with a filter, to a valve and a city water supply network, and on the other, to a common pipeline, with titanium, a hot water storage tank, glass-wound heat-insulating material and a wire, which is located in the casing and with the valve, forming an open pipeline network; or 1-10 open glow wires of high resistance in one row, on which rectangular ceramic insulators are installed, which are installed in the cavity of the outer shell on a layer of 1.0-200 mm expanded clay plate, each open glow wire is connected to the secondary and primary windings of transformers, located in the cases, which are fixed from the outside to the outer shell and cables for supplying electric current, which are located in the cavities of the boxes installed on the transformer cases, in the polo expanded clay plate on ceramic insulators, with a glow plug installed a pan with a double bottom to prevent cooking products from burning to the bottom of each pan, the distance between the lower and upper bottom of each pan is 0.1-100 mm, each pan is installed with the ability to move up and down at a distance of 0.1-100 mm relative to the upper planes of ceramic insulators with screws installed on the handles of each pan with a support on a sheet made along the perimeter of each pan and around the perimeter of the outer There are small islands in the form of a gutter for collecting boiled water, on the upper side each pan is closed by a lid that acts as an oven, in the lower cavities of the expanded clay slab there are cavities in which 1-20 pipelines are installed, pipelines with a diameter of 4.0-50 mm, located under each open an incandescent wire, on the one hand connected to a common pipeline with a filter for treating cold water, with a valve and city water supply network, and on the other, with a common pipeline with a valve, with titanium wrapped in heat-insulating glass material the one and the wire that is installed in the casing, with a valve and a common pipeline, forming a closed water system, the valve is connected to titanium, which is designed to drain hot boiled water into dishes in which hot drinks are prepared, or titanium filled with boiling water can be used in dishwasher, for cleaning dishes from grease, or on the other hand with a common pipe, valve, radiators of the heating network of residential and utility rooms of dining rooms, restaurants and individual apartments, a valve and a common pipe, forming a lock an open water supply network, for instant heating of water to a boil and its use in the preparation of hot drinks, pipelines with a diameter of 4.0-25 mm are installed in the lower cavities of the expanded clay plate, which are connected on one side to a common pipeline with a filter for treating cold water, with a valve and urban water supply network, and on the other, with a common pipeline, with titanium, a hot water storage tank, glass wool wrapped in heat-shielding material and a wire, which is located in the casing and with the valve, forming an open pipe a water network.

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