RU2473528C2 - Method of making compact composite solid propellant charge and production line to this end - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: process engineering.

SUBSTANCE: proposed method comprises preparing oxidiser by mixing and averaging its fractions, preparing propellant including explosive, making charges by filling propellant mass into molds assembled with armored jackets from rubber-like material based on nitrile rubber, heat-conducting elements and glue composition of armored jacket inner surface, curing, pressing-out, and flaw detection of charges. Note here that pre-assemble heat-conducting elements are secured in armored jacket proper after glue drying. Note here that polymer base of propellant and glue composition represent nitrile rubber with end carboxyl groups.

EFFECT: semiautomatic production, optimum design, processing and operating parameters, higher safety.

11 cl, 6 dwg, 4 tbl, 4 ex

Description

The invention relates to the field of development of a technology for manufacturing mixed solid rocket propellant charges (SRTT).

The invention can be most effectively used in the manufacture of small-sized charges for anti-aircraft guided missiles (SAM) portable anti-aircraft systems (MANPADS), which are mass-produced and to achieve high combat and technical and economic characteristics require the use of highly effective materials science, design and technological solutions.

It is possible to use the invention to obtain additional charges of SRTT of other systems, when heat-conducting elements (TPE) in the form of thin wires are used to increase the local burning rate of fuel, and in cases when the fuel formulation contains explosive (BB) - RDX or HMX to increase energy .

In order to maintain the engine’s operability and provide the necessary gas intake in case of using additional charges, which are the charges for MANPADS SAMs, as a rule, they book the side and one of the end surfaces of the charge.

Of the known reservation methods in the manufacture of small-sized products, due to high productivity, it is preferable to book in the process of forming a charge. The booking method in the molding process receives both rigidly bonded with a rocket engine charges and additional charges of medium and large sizes (RU 2230052, С06В 21/00, 02/20/2004, RU 2242451, C06B 21/00, C06D 5/06, 12/20/2004 , RU 2170721, C06D 5/06, 07/20/2001).

Upon receipt of plug-in charges according to the booking method, ready-made calibrated armored covers are used in the molding process. (“Energy Condensed Systems” edited by Academician B.P. Zhukov, M .; Janus, 2000, pp. 236, 254). In this case, the charge is formed directly in the bronchial cover from a rubber-like material, which is pre-installed in the mold, as a result of which, after molding and unpressing, a ready-made reserved charge is obtained.

To solve the problem of ensuring adhesion in the manufacture of plug-in charges, sometimes multilayer bronchial covers are used, the inner layer of which is adhesive (Russian patent No. 2,336,259). However, for small-sized charges of mass production, this is unprofitable.

A technical criterion for the quality of the reservation is to achieve the required level of adhesive strength at the fuel-armor coating interface, which is realized, as a rule, using an intermediate adhesive layer. The quality of bonding in this case will be determined not only by the glue recipe, but also by the technology of its application.

An effective way to increase the mass rate of charge burning is to use TPE in it in the form of thin silver wires. (L.A. Smirnov. Russian arrows against American phantoms. Audience No. 29 - 1381, 1999). The need to obtain stable ballistic characteristics of the charge makes it relevant to manufacture a marching charge for MANPADS using technology that will eliminate the likelihood of TPE breakdown and minimize their deflections. These defects depend significantly on the pressure of the fuel mass supply, which determines the choice of free casting technology for charge molding and excludes other molding methods, and the development of TPE assembly and installation technology is one of the priority tasks in the overall technological process.

To improve the performance of MANPADS missiles, in particular to increase the damaging effect of a rocket, explosives are introduced into the charge fuel formulation, which increases the risk of production. The problem is to minimize the danger of such industries.

Some problems associated with the manufacture of small-sized charges for MANPADS were resolved (L.A. Smirnov. Russian arrows against American phantoms. Audience No. 29 - 1381, 1999).

An assembly was created (a semiautomatic device for filling PAZ), on which 112 units were filled. molds from the filling machine with dispensers and charge molding in the mold. A special design of the armor cover was also developed for booking the side and end surfaces of the charge. In order to meet the requirements for MANPADS charges, a fuel formulation containing hexogen was also developed (Patent RU 2258057, С06В5 / 06, С06В 45/10), silver wires for charge reinforcement were proposed as heat-conducting elements. The unsolved problems of adhesion (the strength of the bonding of the fuel with the material of the bronchial cover), the quality of the bronchial cover and its assembly with TPE and the mold, as well as the safe use of RDX.

The industrial production of large-sized SRTT charges is a complex with a territorial-technological phase gap located in separate buildings ("Energy Condensed Systems" edited by Academician B. P. Zhukov, M .; Janus, 2000, pp. 514-465). A technological line for the manufacture of small-sized SRTT charges for MANPADS was not found during the search.

The prototype of the patented method is a method of manufacturing small-sized charges of SRTT, including the preparation of an oxidizing agent (PHA) with mixing and averaging of its fractions, the preparation of a fuel mass containing an explosive, mainly hexogen, pouring it into the molds with calibrated bronchial covers made of rubber-like material pre-installed in them and fixed TPE, curing, extrusion and flaw detection of charges (L. A. Smirnov. Russian arrows against American phantoms. Audience No. 29 - 1381, 1999 )

The disadvantages of the prototype:

- the problem of ensuring adhesion of the bronchial cover to the fuel was not resolved, since the adhesive composition and technology ensuring the equal thickness of the adhesive layer along the entire length of the bronchial cover were not selected;

- it was not possible to avoid exceeding the maximum permissible deflection of TPE and their breakage, using the technology of installing them in an armor case after assembly with a mold, since according to the prototype technology silver wires (the main part of TPE) were soldered to the mold bottom, in the construction of which special bushings with holes were used for soldering wires to the bottom of the mold and special voltage compensators on the top cover, which negatively affected the stability of the output characteristics, for example, the rate of burning of the charge;

- when using a composite cover (pipe and bottom), fuel mass leaked along the contact surface of the pipe and bottom, which increased the percentage of rejects;

- the issue of the safe taking of the explosive sample was not resolved;

- the reproducibility of the quality of the bronchial cover was not ensured, in terms of porosity as a result of the release of volatile from the filler — cured and ground phenol-formaldehyde resin.

The basis of the invention is the creation of a method and a technological line for the manufacture of small-sized charges SRTT with improved performance for use in MANPADS.

The technical result from the use of the invention is to increase the adhesive characteristics, improve product quality and minimize the danger of the process.

The problem is solved, and the technical result is achieved by the fact that in the method of manufacturing small-sized charges of SRTT, including the preparation of an oxidizing agent with mixing and averaging of its fractions, the preparation of fuel containing explosives, mainly hexogen, the molding of charges by pouring fuel mass into molds with pre-installed them calibrated bronchial covers made of rubber-like material based on nitrile butadiene rubber and heat-conducting elements, curing, extrusion and flawed e charges according to the invention, before installing into the mold, an adhesive composition is applied to the inner surface of the bronchial cover, which is dried to remove the solvent, after drying, the pre-assembled TPEs are fixed inside the bronchial cover, while the polymer base of the fuel and adhesive composition is nitrile butadiene rubber with terminal carboxyl groups, and the used the adhesive composition contains the following components, wt.%:

Low molecular weight rubber with terminal carboxyl groups (SKN-10KTR) 33.59-39.19 Four-Functional Epoxy Chlorine Resin (ECD) 7.84-9.60 1,3-phenylenediamine 0.06-0.07 Technical furnace granular carbon (P-803) 5.77-6.72 Ethylene glycol monoethyl ether Rest

In an advantageous embodiment, the adhesive composition is applied to the surface of the bronchial shell at the rate of 0.003-0.007 g / cm, which provides increased, at the level of fuel strength, adhesion characteristics at the interface between the fuel and the bronchial material due to improved conditions for the removal of the solvent - ethylene glycol monoethyl ether.

The adhesive composition is dried at a temperature of 15-35 ° C for at least 24 hours in a stream of dried air with a dew point of minus 40 ° C.

When using a composite cover consisting of a spherical bottom and a pipe, the pipe and the bottom are joined before applying the adhesive composition, they are disconnected while the adhesive composition is drying, and before fixing the pre-assembled TPEs in the bronchial cover, the bottom and pipe are fixed with the same adhesive composition with the addition of 10% solution iron acetylacetonate (AAH) in acetone in an amount of 18-22% by weight of the adhesive composition.

Bonding the pipe and bottom with glue eliminates the leakage of fuel mass during the charge manufacturing process.

The TPE assembly operation involves fastening the silver wire at one end with a hook used to fasten the TPE to the bottom of the bronchial cover, and the other end to the steel spring, which serves to tension the TPE in the assembled bronchial cover.

In the material of the bronchial shell, bakelite flour is used as a heat-resistant filler, obtained by curing phenol-formaldehyde resin in a stepwise mode, providing a curing temperature of 80 to 200 ° C, followed by grinding to obtain a bulk material with a particle size in the range of 0.045-0.28 mm.

The stated technical problem is also solved with the help of a production line for the production of small-sized charges of mixed solid rocket fuel, which includes a device for mixing and averaging oxidizer fractions, an installation for safely taking a sample of explosives, a mold preparation unit, a polymerization chamber and an X-ray television installation located in separate buildings, connected by transport lines to the main building where the vertical mixer with a removable housing is located (mixer bowl ), a semi-automatic installation for molding fuel into molds, containers for aluminum powder and containers for liquid-viscous components, while the mold preparation unit includes a sequentially placed installation for applying glue, a TPE preparation and assembly device, a stand for installing and securing TPE and an installation for assembling bronchial with a mold.

Installation for taking samples of explosives contains rotary, intermediate and transport bins with vibrators. This ensures the safety of hitching.

In the production line, a container for dosing of the oxidizer batches and a device for mixing and averaging its fractions are installed.

An X-ray television installation for defectoscopy of the finished charge is used, equipped with an atlas of charge defects.

The proposed production line is illustrated by drawings, where:

- figure 1 depicts a production line for the manufacture of small charges SRTT;

- figure 2 - installation for taking samples of explosives;

- figure 3 - installation for applying adhesive composition;

- figure 4 - the device for the preparation and assembly of TPE includes a stand for manufacturing a spring (figa) and a stand for assembly of TPE (fig.4b);

- figure 5 - stand for installing and securing TPE;

- 6 - installation for the assembly of bronchial with a mold.

A production line for manufacturing small-sized charges from mixed rocket solid fuels (Fig. 1) is located on a single production site 1, in which there is a main building 2 for mixing fuel mass and forming charges, building 3 for oxidizer preparation, building 4 for storing and taking explosives, building 5 preparation of bronchial covers and molds for molding, building 6 of polymerization and compression of charges, building 7 of defectoscopy of charges and terminal operations. All buildings are connected by a transport system 8.

In the main building 2 there are containers 15 with liquid-viscous components (LCF), a container 16 for aluminum powder, a mixer 17 with a removable housing (mixer bowl) 17 ', an unloading device 18, a semiautomatic filling machine (PAZ) 19 - an assembly containing molds 20 with bronchial covers installed in them 21. In the oxidizer preparation building 3, a container 9 for coarse and fine fractions of the oxidizing agent, a device 10 for mixing and averaging the oxidizing fractions are installed. In building 4, an installation 11 for taking a sample of explosives was mounted, containing three bins 12-14. In building 5 for the preparation of molds 20 for molding, an installation 22 for applying adhesive composition to the inner surface of the armored covers 21, a device 23 for preparing and assembling TPEs, a stand 24 for installing and securing TPEs, an installation 25 for assembling armored covers with a mold, and equipment for applying anti-adhesive coating on the molds (in the drawing, the position is not affixed). In building 6, a polymerization chamber 26 and equipment 27 for decompressing charges are installed. In building 7 there is an X-ray television installation 28 and equipment for terminal operations 29.

Installation for taking samples of explosives (figure 2), consists of three different bins, inside the rotary hopper 12 has a pin 30 with two rods for mounting bags with explosives. A pneumatic cylinder 31 is used to rotate the hopper around the vertical axis by 60 ° in order to spill the product out of the bags. The leak path 32 provides sealing when the explosives move from the hopper 12 to the intermediate hopper 13. The sleeve 33 is used to seal the connection of the intermediate hopper 13 with the transport hopper 14. To prevent hit by random foreign objects in the upper part of the hopper 13 posted grid with cells in the light of 5-10 mm (the position is not affixed). To accelerate the precipitation of explosives from the intermediate hopper 13, four ball vibrators 34 are installed on the walls of the hopper 34. The transport hopper 14 contains vibrators 35 and a shutter 36 DN = 80, as well as fittings for supplying carbon dioxide and air outlet during loading and unloading of explosives (in FIG. not marked).

Installation for applying the adhesive composition (figure 3) on the inner surface of the armor covers mounted on the basis of a screw-cutting machine 37 and contains a device for feeding the adhesive composition 38 into the armor shell 21, mounted in the cams 39, through the spray head 40. The device for feeding the adhesive composition 38 consists of frame (the position is not affixed), on which a hermetically sealed container for glue 41 with a hose 42 leading to the spray head 40 is fixed. At the top of the frame, air purification devices 43 and pressure regulating gears 44 are fixed ix feed air, and pressure gauges 45, the fixing pressure in the container 41 and the line 46 extending to the spray head 40.

The device for the preparation and assembly of TPE (Fig. 4) consists of a stand (Fig. 4a) for manufacturing a spring 48 from stainless steel of the grade 0.2-X-12X18H9T or 0.2-X-12X18H10T, 0.3-X-H9T, 0.3 -X-12X18H1, which is an element of TPE and a TPE assembly stand (Fig. 46), the design of which is intended for fastening silver wire 52 with a diameter of 0.15 mm with a hook 53 and a spring. The drive 54 is used to accommodate the collected TPE. The device contains vertical supports 47, pins 49, washers 50, elbow 51.

The structure of the stand for installing and securing TPE (Fig. 5) includes a stop 55 for installing the armor cover 21 and the floor of the cage 56 for securing it, the rod 57, onto which the TPE 58 is transferred from the drive 54. The installation is equipped with a pneumatic cylinder 59 for moving the rod 57, with handles 60, 61 and latch 62.

Installation for assembling the bronchial shell with the mold (Fig.6) includes a housing 63, in which the bronchial shell 21 assembled with TPE is installed, a cover 64, a retaining ring 65, as well as a stand 66 on which the whole structure is mounted.

The technological line for the manufacture of small charges SRTT works as follows.

The viscous components of the binder are preheated in a container 15 and fed to the mixer 17 (see figure 1). Then, aluminum powder is introduced into the mixer 17 from the container 16. This operation is carried out in the designated area of building 2, for which a removable mixer housing (mixer bowl) 17 'is undocked and moved to the loading point, which is done by a dull vacuum. Then the removable housing of the mixer 17 'is transported and docked to the base of the mixer 17.

To ensure the safety of production, the collection of explosives for loading into the mixer 17 is carried out in a separate building 4 at the installation 11 (figure 2). In the rotary hopper 12 on the rods (in the amount of 2 pcs.) Of the pin 30, open bags with explosives are inserted. After turning the hopper with the pneumatic cylinder 31 to the upper position of the explosive through a sealed chute 32, it pours out into the intermediate hopper 13, in which large pieces and extraneous inclusions are separated on the grid, and the process of sifting the product is accelerated by means of vibrators 34. The sifted product through a sealed sleeve 33 enters the main transport hopper 14 in a carbon dioxide medium. The main hopper 14 with a shutter 36 is transported to a sealed loading line after filling. The discharge of explosives into the mixer 17 in building 2 is carried out in a carbon dioxide environment.

In building 3, a working mixture of powders (CSP) is prepared, consisting of a sample of coarse and fine fractions of a PHA oxidizing agent. Samples of PHA are placed in a safe container 9, eliminating moisture absorption, and mixed in this container on the device 10 by gravity for 30 minutes. After averaging, the containers 9 with the oxidizing agent are transported to the mixing phase, where the oxidizing agent is loaded into the mixer 17.

Work on the operations in building 5 is carried out before the components are loaded into the mixer.

The operation of the installation for applying the adhesive composition (figure 3). Before applying the adhesive composition, the pipe and the bottom of the bronchial cover are joined. For the operation of applying the adhesive composition, the assembled armor cover is fixed in the cams 39 of the headstock of the screw-cutting lathe 37 and the rotation of the machine spindle is started. Then turn on the supply of compressed air to line 46 and to the supply device of the adhesive composition 38, in particular to the container for the adhesive composition 41, from which the adhesive composition through the hose 42 must enter the spray head 40. Air in both lines flows through the cleaning devices 43 and gearboxes 44, regulating its pressure to ensure dispensing of the adhesive composition. Gauges 45 record the supply of pressure in both lines.

By feeding the support of the machine, the adhesive composition is applied to the inner surface of the bronchial cover in 2 passes. Adhesive application modes: spindle speed of the machine - 500 rpm; spray head movement speed - 5 mm / s; the pressure of compressed air to spray the adhesive composition is 0.1-0.15 MPa; the pressure of compressed air to supply the adhesive composition is 0.025-0.05 MPa. After applying the adhesive composition, the bronchial cover is removed from the installation and the pipe and bottom are manually undocked. The adhesive composition is dried in a heating cabinet for 24-48 hours in a stream of dried air with a dew point of not higher than minus 40 ° C. Joining of pipes and bottoms is carried out using the same adhesive composition with the addition of a curing catalyst: a 10% solution of iron acetylacetonate (AAA) in acetone. The bottom is fastened with the pipe for 15 minutes at a temperature of 15-35 ° C, while the covers are located bottom-down in special cartridges.

The operation of the device for the preparation and assembly of TPE (figure 4). On the stand (figa) prepare a spring 48, which will provide the tension of the silver wire in the bronchial. The first to prepare the lower loop of the spring clutch with a silver wire. To do this, leaving a profit of 15-20 mm, pull the wire and wind a loop 3 turns around the axis. Putting the clutch loop on the pin 49 (left), the stainless steel wire is thrown over the horizontal axis, the washer 50 is rotated 20-25, thus obtaining the spring 48. Pull the spring end along the axis and wrap the wire around the pins 49 on the right, insert the ends of the wire in the slot of the square 51, carry out 5 turns of the washer 50 on the right, while the upper loop is formed.

The assembly of the TPE, including the hook, the silver wire and the spring, is carried out at the assembly stand (Fig. 46). One end of the silver wire 52 is attached to the hook 53 by threading and securing it in the hole of the hook. At the upper end of the wire loop through the pin 49 on the right. Remove the wire and spring from the stands and manually engage them. Each collected TPE is transferred to drive 54.

At the stand for installing and securing TPE (Fig. 5), the final preparation of the armor covers for assembly with the mold is carried out. The bronchial cover is installed so that the bottom of the bronchial cover is adjacent to the stand 55 of the stand, and its cylindrical part is fixed in the floor of the holder 56. Four TPEs are transferred from the drive 54 to the rod 57 and installed in the grooves of the rod head. The upper hinges of TPE 58 are put on the bar forks (the position is not affixed). Using a pneumatic cylinder 59, an air flow rate is established that ensures the minimum speed of the rod 57 for a smooth supply and centering of its head relative to the shoulder (the position is not affixed) to the bottom of the armor cover. Turning the handle of the pneumatic cylinder 59, bring the rod to the release of the latch 62, then send the rod with the handle 60 to the stop. The upper TPE hinges with the help of a wire hook are thrown from the rod 57 onto the hooks of the armor shell without breaking the adhesive coating. The grip screw is loosened using the handle 61, the latch 62 is lifted by the ring and the rod is returned using the pneumatic cylinder or manually to its original position. The armored cover assembly with TPE is removed from the stand, convinced of the reliability of the attachment of the hooks and the integrity of the TPE, inspect the bottom for lack of integrity. Before assembly with the mold, the armor covers are stored in cartridges in an upright position.

For the assembly of bronchial with mold 20, the installation 25 is used (Fig.6). In the housing 63, preventing the pipe from turning relative to the bottom, an armored shell assembled with TPE is installed. The housing is turned with the bottom flange up and assembled with the cover 64, the retaining ring 65 is put on. The support 66 is mounted on the cover 64, after which the mold is turned upside down.

The charges are formed in building 2 on a semi-automatic filling 19 by pouring the finished fuel mass from the mixer 17 into the molds 20 with bronchial 21. The molds are placed in suspension pockets installed on the conveyor, 4 pcs. in the suspension (the position is not affixed).

To fill the molds, the vacuum in the mixer is reset, the removable mixer housing 17 'with the fuel mass is disconnected from the base, lowered onto the trolley (the position is not indicated), closed by the transport cover and transported to the unloading device 18, where it is installed above the hydraulic lift (the position is not indicated) . The cover is previously removed and the housing is fixed with an emphasis (the position is not indicated). The housing with a hydraulic lift is remotely lifted and docked with the unloading device 18. The cap is removed from the nozzle of the bowl hydraulic lock. An adapter with a connection unit is attached to the nozzle (the position is not indicated). The connection unit is remotely docked to the mass pipe (the position is not indicated).

Installation is included. The molds of the first suspension fit and are pressed to the filling unit, the vacuum pump is turned on and the mold is vacuumized to a residual pressure of 5 mm Hg. Art., then the entire installation is vacuumized (from the mold to the closed water seal of the mixer). Without dropping the vacuum from the systems, they turn on the vacuum pump and remotely lower the piston of the unloading device until it contacts the “mirror” of the fuel mixture at a speed of 40-70 mm / min.

The PAZ installation in the remote automatic mode carries out all operations to fill the molds with a fuel mixture. At the end of the filling, the molds are manually removed from the suspension sockets and installed in metal containers (the position is not indicated), and new molds are installed in the suspension sockets.

Filled molds are sent to the polymerization chamber 26 to solidify the fuel. In the process of polymerization of fuel, curing of the adhesive composition, previously applied to the inner surface of the armor shell 21, takes place, as a result of which a strong adhesive connection of the fuel with the armored coating is formed - the material of the armor shell.

A necessary condition for ensuring the quality of charges from mixed solid rocket fuels is 100% control of their geometric dimensions and non-destructive testing for the presence of internal defects: pores, cracks and delamination of the armor coating. Non-destructive testing is carried out using the X-ray television installation 28, which is part of the production line, and is equipped with an atlas of defects, in which typical defects are described, and methods for their classification and hazard assessment are indicated.

The X-ray television installation allows to identify defects such as violation of the mounting of TPE to the armor cover, breakage of TPE, deflection of TPE of more than 1 mm over a length of 750 mm. The quantitative value of the limiting deflection was established experimentally by fire tests of charges with deflections of TPE of various sizes.

The implementation of the method is illustrated by the following examples.

Example 1. In the mixer 17 sequentially load and mix the GWC binder (rubber SKN-10KTR, resin ED-20, dioctyl sebacinate, product DAP-2, lecithin), aluminum powder ASD-4, BB (hexogen) and an oxidizing agent (ammonium perchlorate) together with aerosil and lead oxide. Preliminarily, the components of the liquid microfluoric acid are heated in a tank 15. The preparation of the oxidizing agent consists in mixing and averaging its fractions: coarse, -315 + 160 microns in size, and fine, less than 50 microns in size, using container 9 and device 10. Container 9 eliminates moisture absorption, and device 10 provides mixing by gravity for 30 minutes After averaging, the containers with the oxidizing agent are transported to the mixing phase (preparation of the fuel mass) into the vertical mixer 17. After mixing, the fuel is formed into molds with calibrated bronchial covers pre-installed in them.

The phase of preparation of the molds contains the following operations: applying the adhesive composition to the inner surface of the armor shell using the installation 22; the preparation and assembly of TPE on the device 23, the placement and fastening of TPE in the bronchial case using a stand 24, the installation of bronze covers with TPE 21 in the molds 20 using the installation 25.

Used previously unknown adhesive composition containing the following serial components (wt.%):

Low molecular weight butadiene nitrile rubber with terminal carboxyl groups (SKN-10KTR), TU 2294-099-00151963 33.59 Four-functional chlorine-containing epoxy resin (EHD), TU 2225-607-11131395 9.24 1,3-phenylenediamine, GOST 5234 0.06 Technical furnace granular carbon (P-803), GOST 7885 6.72 Ethylene glycol monoethyl ether (technical ethyl cellosolve), GOST 8313 Rest

The adhesive composition was applied to the surface of the bronchial shell at the rate of 0.003 g / cm ² , drying was carried out at room temperature 15-35 ° C for 24 hours in a stream of dried air. In this case, an armored cover was used from a rubber-like material based on nitrile butadiene rubber and a heat-resistant filler — bakelite flour obtained by curing according to the stepwise regime specified in Table 4 of phenol-formaldehyde resin of grade BZh-1 according to GOST 4559-78 with subsequent grinding to a particle size of 0.045-0 , 28 mm.

After applying the adhesive composition, the components of the bronchial cover were kept for drying (solvent removal) in a drying cabinet at a temperature of 15-35 ° С in a stream of dried air (dew point minus 40 ° С). Then they were fastened by the same adhesive composition with the addition of a 10% AAJ catalyst solution in an amount of 20% by weight of the adhesive composition.

Prepared molds 20 were sent to the molding phase. The fuel was molded by free casting using a semiautomatic filling 19.

For forming a charge, previously developed fuel with a viscosity of 6000-7500 poise (Patent RU 2258057, С06В5 / 06, С06В45 / 10) was used to provide the possibility of manufacturing long charges reinforced with thin heat-conducting wires using a free casting method.

Used serial components of the known formulations in the following ratio (wt.%):

Ammonium peroxide grade D, GOST V 22544 + modified ammonium peroxide grade RA-7, OST V 6-02-62 54.25 Hexogen brand A, GOST B 20395 20.00 Spherical dispersed aluminum powder, grade ASD-4, TU 48-5-226 12.00 Lead oxide, TU 6-09-5382 0.25 Product DAF-2. Diethylferrocene, 1.1, TU 6-02-593 1,50 Di - (2-ethylhexyl) - sebacate, GOST 8728 1.80 Low molecular weight butadiene nitrile rubber with terminal carboxyl groups (SKN-10KTR), TU 2294-099-00151963 + Epoxy Diane resin, grade ED-20, GOST 10587 10,20 Aerosil, GOST 14922 (in excess of 100%) 0.25-0.4 Lecithin, TU 6-02-829 (over 100%) 0.10

The fuel was cured in a stepwise mode: 12 hours at 70 ° C, 12 hours at 80 ° C and 120 hours at 90 ° C.

After curing the fuel, the reserved small-sized charge was removed from the mold by pressing on standard equipment, subjected to non-destructive testing for the presence of internal defects: pores, cracks and delamination of the armor coating, as well as for the absence of prohibitive deviations of the TPE using the map of permissible defects.

Example 2 and example 3 differ from example 1 in the adhesive formulation.

Example 2 uses an adhesive composition containing 38.44% by weight of rubber SKN-10KTR; 9.60% ECD resin; 0.06% 1.3 phenylenediamine; 5.77% carbon of technical grade P-803; 46.13% ethyl cellosolve.

Example 3 uses an adhesive composition containing 36.19% by weight of rubber SKN-10KTR; 7.84% ECD resin; 0.07% 1.3 phenylenediamine; 5.88% carbon of technical grade P-803; 47.02% ethyl cellosolve.

Example 4 differs from example 1 in that the adhesive composition is applied to the surface of the bronchial shell at the rate of 0.007 g / cm ² . The spread of adhesive characteristics compared to example 1 is within the experimental error.

Table 1 shows the characteristics of the adhesive composition at various ratios of components. Columns 3, 4, 5 correspond to adhesive compositions that provide the highest adhesive strength of the fuel-adhesive composition-bronchial with cohesive failure (fuel). These formulations are given in examples 1, 2, 3 of the invention and are recommended for use.

Table 2 shows the strength characteristics of the adhesive bonding of fuel with bronchial depending on the amount of applied adhesive composition. The thickness of the adhesive composition corresponding to the consumption of 0.003-0.007 g / cm ² (lines 5, 6), provides the maximum strength of the bonding of fuel with bronchial. It is this consumption of adhesive composition that was used in examples 1, 4.

Table 3 shows the characteristics of the adhesion of the pipe material to the bottom with a different amount of AAJ catalyst in the adhesive. Columns 2-4 correspond to an adhesive that provides the highest fastening strength and a relatively short cure time. It is these formulations used in examples 1-4 of the invention and are recommended for use.

Table 4 shows the characteristics of the bronchial cover depending on the curing conditions of the inert filler — phenol-formaldehyde resin of the BZh-1 brand and particle sizes of bakelite flour obtained from it. Line 2 corresponds to the curing regime of phenol-formaldehyde resin brand BZH-1, which provides high quality bronchial: the absence of porosity and inclusions of unmilled resin that go beyond 0.045-0.28 mm. This mode was used in examples 1-4 of the invention and is recommended for use.

Industrial applicability: use in serial production of charges for MANPADS;

Table 1 Characteristics of the adhesive composition at various ratios of components (examples) Component Name The content of components in the composition, wt.% one 2 3 four 5 6 7 Low molecular weight butadiene nitrile rubber with terminal carboxyl groups (SKN-10KTR) 51.24 43,44 38,44 33.59 39.19 39.98 46.47 Four-Functional Epoxy Chlorine Resin (ECD) 5.12 8.69 9.60 9.24 7.84 7.99 6.97 1,3 - phenylenediamine 0.08 0,07 0.06 0.06 0,07 0.06 0.10 Technical furnace granular carbon (P-803) 2,56 4.35 5.77 6.72 5.88 4.0 9.29 Ethylene glycol monoethyl ether 41.00 43,45 46.13 50.39 47.02 47.97 37.17 Viscosity according to the VZ-246 viscometer (nozzle diameter 4 mm) at a temperature of (20 ± 0.5) ° С, no more 110 135 160 170 135 160 210 The strength of the adhesive joints fuel-adhesive composition-bronchial, MPa 0.8-1.2 0.9-1.3 1.6-1.8 1.6-2.0 1.6-1.9 1.0-1.3 1.0-1.1 Nature of destruction Adhesion
ny Adhesion
ny Cohesive for fuel Cohesive for fuel Cohesive for fuel Adhesion
ny Adhesion
ny

table 2 The strength of the adhesive bonding of fuel with bronchial depending on the amount of applied adhesive No. The amount of adhesive composition, g / cm ² The strength of the adhesive compound, MPa Nature of destruction one 0.1 0.7-0.8 Adhesive 2 0.05 0.8-1.0 Adhesive 3 0,025 1.0-1.2 Adhesive four 0.013 1.3-1.4 Adhesive 5 0.007 1.6-2.0 Cohesive for fuel 6 0.003 1.6-2.0 Cohesive for fuel

Table 3 Characteristics of the adhesion of the pipe to the bottom with various amounts of 10% AAA solution in acetone (examples) Component Name The content of components in the composition, wt.% one 2 3 four 5 Low molecular weight rubber SKN-10KTR 33.59 38,44 33.59 39.19 33.59 Four-Functional Epoxy Chlorine Resin (ECD) 9.24 9.60 9.24 7.84 9.24 1,3- phenylenediamine 0.06 0.06 0.06 0,07 0.06 Technical furnace granular carbon (P-803) 6.72 5.77 6.72 5.88 6.72 Ethylene glycol monoethyl ether 50.39 46.13 50.39 47.02 50.39 The amount of 10% AAA solution in acetone,% (in excess of 100%) 10 eighteen twenty 22 thirty Curing time, min 30-40 15-20 15-20 15-20 5-10 The strength of the adhesive joints bottom-adhesive composition - pipe, MPa 10-14 20-23 25-28 22-28 15-18 Nature of destruction Adhesive Cohesive for glue, partially for bronchial Cohesive for glue, partially for bronchial Cohesive for glue, partially for bronchial Adhesive Cohesive

Table 4 The quality of the bronchial cover depends on the curing conditions of phenol-formaldehyde resin brand BZH-1 and the particle size of bakelite flour. No. p / p The curing temperature of phenol-formaldehyde resin brand BZH-1, ° C Appearance of cured resin The particle size of bakelite flour, mm The characteristic absorption bands in the IR spectrum, cm ^-1 The quality of the armor one 80-170 (step) Monolith 0.045-0.56 2363-2341 Separate inclusions of insufficiently ground resin, porosity 2 80-200 (step) Foam mass 0.045-0.28 2363-2341 are absent Lack of inclusions and porosity Note: 1. The absorption bands in the infrared spectrum of bakelite flour (2363-2341 cm ^-1 ) indicate the presence of oxidation products of phenol-formaldehyde resin, accelerating the decomposition of the resin during the vulcanization of the rubber mixture with the release of pyrolysis products, including gaseous, which cause porosity in the finished product is bronchial. 2. The curing of phenol-formaldehyde resin brand BZ-1 was carried out according to the following step modes: No. 1 (80 ± 5) ° С - 20 min, (100 ± 5) ° С - 10 min, (110 ± 5) ° С - 30 min, (120 ± 5) ° С - 60 min, (150 ± 5 ) ° С - 30 min, (160 ± 5) ° С - 60 min, (170 ± 5) ° С - 120 min. No. 2 (80 ± 5) ° С - 20 min, (100 ± 5) ° С - 10 min, (110 ± 5) ° С - 30 min, (120 ± 5) ° С - 60 min, (150 ± 5 ) ° С - 30 min, (180 ± 5) ° С - 60 min, (200 ± 5) ° С - 120 min.

Claims (11)

1. A method of manufacturing small-sized charges of mixed solid rocket propellant (SRTT), which includes preparing an oxidizing agent with mixing and averaging, its fractions, preparing fuel containing explosives, mainly hexogen, forming charges by pouring fuel mass into molds with pre-installed them calibrated bronchial covers made of rubber-like material based on nitrile butadiene rubber and heat-conducting elements (TPE), curing, extrusion and flaw detection of charges, characterized in that before installing the mold on the inner surface of the bronchial cover, an adhesive composition is applied, which is dried to remove the solvent, after drying, the pre-assembled TPE is fixed inside the bronze cover, the polymer base of the fuel and adhesive composition is butadiene nitrile rubber with terminal carboxyl groups, and the adhesive used the composition contains the following components, wt.%:
Low molecular weight butadiene nitrile rubber with terminal carboxyl groups (SKN-10KTR) 33.59-39.19 Epoxy Chlorine Resin four-function (ECD) 7.84-9.60 1,3-phenylenediamine 0.06-0.07 Technical furnace granular carbon (P-803) 5.77-6.72 Ethylene glycol monoethyl ether Rest 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the adhesive composition is applied to the surface of the bronchial shell at the rate of 0.003-0.007 g / cm ² . 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that when using a composite cover, consisting of a spherical bottom and a pipe, the bottom and the pipe are joined before applying the adhesive composition, they are disconnected during the drying of the adhesive composition, and before fixing the pre-assembled TPE to the armored cover and the bottom is fastened with adhesive. 4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that the adhesive composition is dried at a temperature of 15-35 ° C for at least 24 hours in a stream of dried air with a dew point of minus 40 ° C. 5. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that for bonding the parts of the bronchial cover, a glue composition is applied, applied to the inner surface of the bronchial case, with the addition of a 10% solution of iron acetylacetonate (AAF) in acetone in an amount of 18-22%. 6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the TPE assembly operation includes the assembly of its components: a silver wire, a hook used to fasten the TPE to the bottom of the bronchial cover, and a steel spring, which serves to tension the TPE in the assembled bronchial cover. 7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the material of the bronchial cover uses bakelite flour as a heat-resistant filler obtained by curing phenol-formaldehyde resin in a stepwise mode, providing a curing temperature from 80 to 200 ° C, followed by grinding to obtain bulk material with particle size in the range of 0.045-0.28 mm. 8. Technological production line of small-sized charges of SRTT, including a device for mixing and averaging oxidizer fractions, an installation for taking a sample of explosives, a mold preparation unit, a polymerization chamber and an X-ray television installation, located in separate buildings, transport lines connected to the main building where the vertical building is located mixer with removable housing, semi-automatic installation for molding fuel into molds, a container for aluminum powder and containers with liquid-viscous components, while the mold preparation unit includes a sequentially placed installation for applying glue, a TPE preparation and assembly device, a stand for installing and fixing TPE, and an installation for assembling armored shell with a mold. 9. The production line of claim 8, which for the safe capture of explosives contains rotary, intermediate and transport bins with vibrators. 10. The production line of claim 8, in which a container for dispensing a batch of oxidizer and a device for mixing and averaging an oxidizing fraction is installed. 11. The production line of claim 8, in which there is an X-ray television installation with an atlas of charge defects.

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