RU2471930C1 - End dowel joint of wooden beam structures - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: connection of wooden beam structures comprises a connection part attached to the surface of beam structures with holes and dowels arranged in holes of the connection part and body of beam structures. The connection part is arranged in the form of an end plate and a plate element installed perpendicularly and rigidly connected with it, attached by pads to beam structures. The end joint is equipped with a bolt tensioning device, and a dowel is rigidly connected in holes of the end connection part. Dowels may be made from reinforcement of periodical profile and are arranged in the body of wooden beam structures on glue.

EFFECT: higher joint reliability.

6 cl, 8 dwg

Description

The invention relates to construction and is intended for connecting beam wooden elements in one plane.

It is known to connect the elements of wooden structures, including a metal plate, pins made of smooth steel, installed in the holes of the plate and fixed across the fibers of the wooden elements / 1 /.

The disadvantage of this connection is: the relatively low strength and reliability of the connection, since during operation the plates installed in the holes are capable of causing wood to split from the end across the fibers.

The closest in technical essence to the invention is a butt joint, consisting of metal wedge-shaped parts-connectors, pivotally mounted in the end and on the side surface of the beam wooden elements on the screws / 2 /.

The disadvantages of this connection are the high cost of components due to the complexity of their manufacture, the need for high accuracy of joints, insufficient reliability of joints from splitting across the fibers and low bearing capacity due to the articulation of screws with wedge-shaped parts and, as a result, incomplete involvement in the work of sections connected elements.

The technical problem is to increase the reliability and bearing capacity of the butt joint by eliminating the splitting across the fibers of the wooden structural element and simplifying the design by eliminating the torsion force when transferring the load from one beam element to another.

The technical task is solved in such a way that in the end connection of wooden beam structures containing a connecting part with holes attached to the surface of the beam structures and placed in the holes of the connecting part and the body of the beam structures of the nails, according to the invention, the connecting part is made in the form of an end plate and mounted perpendicularly and rigidly connected to it by a plate element attached by centering pads to the beam structures, while the end connection is equipped with a bolt clamping device, and the plug is rigidly connected in the holes of the end connecting part.

The pins can be made of reinforcement of a periodic profile and placed in the body of wooden beam structures with glue.

The coupling device may be located in the body of the beam structures and fixed on their surfaces, or the coupling device is located in the body of the beam structures and fixed on one of their surfaces and the connecting part. In addition, in the body of the beam element perpendicular to the dowels at a distance of 100 mm, to prevent splitting of the wood from the end across the fibers, there are screws or rods on the glue. The dowels are placed along the cross-sectional height of the beam structure with a step of 3.5 d at a distance of at least 5 d from its surface, but not less than 3/4 of the cross-sectional height of the beam structure, where d is the diameter of the Nagel.

The proposed design of the end connection differs from the known one in that the connecting part is made in the form of an end plate and a plate element mounted perpendicularly and rigidly connected to it, attached by centering plates to the beam structures, while the end connection is provided with a bolt clamping device, and the plug is rigidly connected in the holes end connecting part. The pins can be made of reinforcement of a periodic profile and placed in the body of wooden beam structures with glue.

To unite the connection, a clamping device is used in the form of a steel plate with a tension bolt, which is attached to the lower edge of the end structure using two screws parallel to the end face.

Screws installed parallel to the end face at a distance of 100 mm can neutralize normal tensile stresses across the fibers.

The distance of 100 mm from the end is the minimum depth of the active seasonal fluctuations in humidity and temperature, which exacerbate possible deformations and cracks from the end of the wooden structure. Installed screws intercept and absorb these deformations, increasing the reliability of the connection.

High-strength steel nails rigidly connected to the connecting part increase the rigidity of the end connection and involve most of the nesting socket in the work, increasing the strength of the connection at the end of the wooden structure. The selected parameters of the arrangement of the nails across the fibers from the end of the wooden structure along the section height (not less than 3.5 d between the nails and not less than 5d and 3 / 4h to its surface) are determined from the condition of the strength of the wood from splitting across the fibers and ensure reliable connections.

The implementation of the connecting parts of this design allows you to transfer forces to the upper face of the connected structures when centering the forces.

The relative position of the wooden structures is fixed with screws screwed through holes in the centering gaskets of the connecting part.

As an option, in the end connection, instead of dowels and transverse screws, periodic reinforcing steel glued on epoxy glue into pre-drilled holes is used. This allows you to solve the technical problem without resorting to the use of a clamping device in the form of a steel plate with a bolt along the lower edge of the end element, the role of which is played by a bolt, adhesive composition and welding. To unite the connection, a coupling bolt is used, which is pre-mounted in the longitudinal beam structure, and in the end beam structure, a hole is drilled beneath it with an end diameter that allows the bolt to be inserted.

Figure 1 shows the end connection, General view; figure 2 - aa figure 1; figure 3 - BB figure 1; figure 4 - BB in figure 1; figure 5 - the same as in figure 1 (option with glued pins); 6 - aa of figure 5; figure 7 - BB figure 5; on Fig - section bb In Fig.5.

The butt joint consists of two wooden beam structures 1 and 2. At the end of the structure 2, a steel connecting part 3 is fixed using nails 4, rigidly fixed in the connecting plate 3. The structure 2 is connected to the structure 1 using the connecting part 3 and screws (capercaillie) 5 screwed into the body of the beams through the holes in the centering gaskets of the part 3. The structures are joined together by a clamping device installed on their surfaces, made in the form of a steel plate 7 with a bolt 8 or a bolt 9.

The connecting part is made in the form of an end plate with holes for the pins and a slot in which a plate element with centering plates is mounted and welded to it perpendicularly to it.

The butt end connection is assembled in the following sequence:

Option 1. In the groove at the end of the wooden structure 2 with a gap of 5 mm, a connecting part 3 is installed and fixed with mounting screws, through the holes in it, the holes in the end of the wooden structure 2 are drilled 0.5 mm less than the hammers 4 made of high-strength steel that are hammered into them. The outlets of the pins 4 and the connecting part 3 are welded. From the bottom, screws 10 are installed parallel to the end of the structure 2 through the holes in the overlay 7 of the coupling device 6 with the tensioning bolt 8. Then, the structure 2 is connected to the structure 1 by supporting the connecting part 3 on the upper edge of the structure 1, while the coupling bolt 8 in the coupling device 6 is inserted in advance a drilled hole in the structure 1. The relative position of the wooden structures is fixed with screws 5 screwed through the holes in the centering gaskets in the connecting part 3, and the elements are bonded with by screwing the bolt 8 in the clamping device 6.

Option 2. In the groove on the end of the wooden structure 2 with a gap of 5 mm, a connecting plate 3 is installed and fixed with mounting screws, holes in the end of the wooden structure are drilled 4 mm larger than the diameter of the pins, then 4 reinforcing steel pins are installed on them with epoxy adhesive, except Moreover, simultaneously with the pins 4, 100 mm from the end of the structure 2, the transverse rods 11 of reinforcing steel are glued to the upper edge of the structure 2. Next, under the bolt 9 of the clamping device 6, pre-installed in the structure 1, a hole is drilled in the end face with a diameter that allows the bolt and washer to be inserted into the connecting part 3. The outlets of the nails 4 and the connecting part are welded. When mounting the end structure 2 onto the bolt 9, the end connecting part 3 with a special hole 2 mm larger than the diameter of the bolt 9 is lowered from above and the elements are rallied by tightening the bolt. The relative position of wooden structures is fixed with screws (capercaillie) 5, screwed through holes in the centering pads of the connecting part 3.

End connection - option 1 provides for the manufacture and assembly of the unit for installation, and in option 2 - the fastening of the connecting part 3 to structure 2 is more expedient to perform in the factory.

The connection works as follows: the load on the structure 1 is transferred from the structure 2 in the form of a reaction, which is an external force for the connection. The reaction is perceived by the connecting part 3 and transmitted to the pins 4, hammered or glued to the end of the structure 2 and rigidly welded to the connecting part 3. Due to the rigid connection and high strength of the pins 4, the forces are perceived over a larger area of the socket in the structure 2, thus achieving greater joint strength than with articulation. To ensure full load-bearing capacity, the pins 4 must be placed along the cross-sectional height of the beam structure 2 with a pitch between the pins of at least 3.5 d and at least 5 d from the surface of the structure 2, but not less than% of the cross-sectional height of the beam structure, where d - diameter of the plug. The transverse screws 10 or glued rods 11 intercept and neutralize normal stresses across the fibers of the end structure 2 along the cleavage sites along the nails 4, associated with seasonal fluctuations in humidity and temperature and exacerbating possible deformations and cracks from the end of the wooden structure 2, increasing the reliability of the connection.

The pads of the connecting part 3 allow you to center the force on the connected structures and reduce the effect of torsion.

Information sources

1. Piskunov Yu.V., Chernyavsky S.M. Influence of design parameters of inlay plates on strength and stiffness of joints of wooden structures RZh, series 10, issue 6. - M., 1982 - 15 p.

2. Catalog of connectors for wooden structures of the company "Simpson" Strong-Tie, DIN 1052-2004-08 / prototype /.

Claims (6)

1. The end connection of wooden beam structures containing a connecting part attached to the surface of the beam structures with holes and placed in the holes of the connecting part and the body of the beam structures of the nails, characterized in that the connecting part is made in the form of an end plate and mounted perpendicularly and rigidly connected to it plate an element attached to the girder constructions with overlays, while the end connection is equipped with a bolt clamping device, and the screw is rigidly connected in the holes of the end connecting part. 2. The end connection according to claim 1, characterized in that the pins are made of reinforcement of a periodic profile and are placed in the body of wooden beam structures with glue. 3. The end connection according to claim 1, characterized in that the coupling device is located in the body of the beam structures and mounted on their surfaces. 4. The end connection according to claim 1, characterized in that the coupling device is located in the body of the beam structures and is mounted on one of their surfaces and the building part. 5. The end connection according to claim 1, characterized in that in the body of the end beam structure perpendicular to the dowels at a distance of 100 mm, to prevent splitting of the wood from the end across the fibers, there are screws or rods on the glue. 6. The end connection according to claim 1, characterized in that the pins are placed along the section height along the fibers of the beam structure with a pitch of 3.5 d between the pins at a distance of at least 5 d from the top of the beam and at least 3 / 4h from the top of the beam.

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