RU2471722C2 - Device for purification and disinfection of aquatic media - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: chemistry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to field of water treatment. Source water is supplied through branch pipe 11 into device for purification and disinfection of aquatic media. Device includes hermetic hollow case with upper 12 and lower 10 covers, into which two coaxial cylinders 1 and 4 are placed. In internal cylinder 4 located is wire winding 5, in which HF current from inductor 2 is induced. In order to produce pulse corona discharge generator 3 produces pulses. Compressed air is supplied through branch pipe 8 into porous ceramic cylinder 7. Water passes through coal filter 15, is purified from admixtures and saturated with ozone in lower part of device. Purified water is discharged through branch pipe 9.

EFFECT: invention makes it possible to increase efficiency and effectiveness of water purification and disinfection by means of ozonation.

1 dwg

Description

The present invention relates to systems for the purification and disinfection of water environments, including local drinking water treatment systems of municipal water supply systems.

Under the disinfection of drinking water is understood measures to destroy bacteria and viruses in the water that cause infectious diseases. According to the method of exposure to microorganisms, water disinfection methods are divided into chemical or reagent; physical or reagent-free and combined. In the first case, the proper effect is achieved by adding biologically active chemical compounds to the water; non-reagent disinfection methods involve the treatment of water by physical influences, and combined use both chemical and physical effects.

The chemical methods of disinfecting drinking water include its treatment with oxidizing agents: chlorine, ozone, etc., as well as heavy metal ions. Physical - disinfection with ultraviolet rays, ultrasound, etc. Before disinfection, water is usually subjected to purification by filtration and (or) coagulation, in which suspended solids, helminth eggs and a significant part of microorganisms are removed.

Of the chemical methods for disinfecting drinking water, the most common is disinfection of water with chlorine and ozone. Recently, the greatest interest is the disinfection of water with ozone. 95% of drinking water in Europe goes through ozone treatment. The United States is in the process of switching from chlorination to ozonation. Russia also has several large stations (in Moscow, Nizhny Novgorod, St. Petersburg and other cities). The interest in the use of ozone in the preparation of drinking water is explained by the fact that ozone provides a quick and reliable disinfection, causes a significant improvement in the organoleptic properties of water - as a result of treatment with ozone, tastes and odors, color of water are eliminated. In addition, the content of dissolved oxygen increases, which returns purified water to one of the main properties that characterize pure natural sources.

Ozone is a colorless gas whose molecules, consisting of three oxygen atoms, are unstable. After a short period of time after formation, the ozone molecule decays, returning to its natural state: an oxygen molecule consisting of two atoms. In this case, free oxygen atoms remain, which aggressively tend to join any foreign particles contained in the water. In this case, water appears to be the environment in which bacteria and other organic impurities easily decompose under the influence of these free oxygen atoms. Due to this, ozone is a very strong oxidizing agent, and its disinfecting properties are many times stronger than other common disinfectants, such as chlorine. The preference for using ozone in the drinking water preparation industry is also due to the fact that ozone, unlike chlorine, does not leave any odor, completely decomposing into oxygen. Ozonation is the best method of water deferrization, and if iron and manganese are contained in the form of organic compounds or colloidal particles (with a size of 0.1-0.01 microns), water deferrization is possible only with ozone water treatment, because preliminary oxidation of organic compounds is required. Ozone does not give tastes and odors to water and has a very valuable property of self-decay - after processing, ozone is converted back to oxygen. Due to this, an ozone overdose is not a problem. At its core, water purification with ozone is equivalent to the many times accelerated procedure for the natural purification of water, which occurs under natural conditions under the influence of atmospheric oxygen and solar radiation. Ozone is a very strong oxidizing agent, its oxidizing potential is 2.06 V. Pathogenic microorganisms are destroyed by it 15-20 times, and spore forms of bacteria are 300-600 times faster than chlorine. The polio virus dies at an ozone concentration of 0.45 mg / L after 2 minutes, while from chlorine - only in 3 hours at 1 mg / L. Studies have shown that from bacteria, E. coli is the most resistant to oxidizing agents from the entire group of intestinal bacteria, and quickly dies during ozonation. The use of ozonation in the fight against pathogens of typhoid fever and bacterial dysentery is also effective. From a chemical point of view, minerals dissolved in water and to some extent determining the nutritional properties do not change after ozonation. At the same time, ozone treatment does not give water any additional foreign substances and chemical compounds. Along with the undoubted advantages, as the most effective, complex and natural reagent, ozone also has disadvantages. Ozonation cannot be the only universal method of water purification, relieving it of all possible contaminants, and is only one of the stages of water treatment. In addition, the use of ozone imposes some technological limitations, since ozonation is a process that requires a certain composition of equipment:

- an ozone generator in which ozone is produced from air or oxygen;

- a system for introducing ozone into water and mixing it;

- reactor - a tank in which due to mixing and holding the necessary reaction time of ozone with water is provided;

- an ozone destructor to remove residual unreacted ozone.

In addition, this equipment must be operated by performing the necessary preventive measures and safety measures.

Typically, the ozone generator is separated from the reactor and ozone is supplied to the reactor through pipelines. For example, in A.S. No. 695968 describes "Installation for ozonation of water", including a device for the synthesis of ozone with air conditioning and a contact chamber for ozonation. The disadvantage of this installation is its low efficiency associated with the loss of produced ozone in the connecting communications between the ozone synthesis device and the contact chamber of ozonation.

It is known "Device for water treatment" according to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2311348, which, as the closest in the set of essential features, is selected by the authors as a prototype. In the known device, the ozone generator is placed directly in the body of the device, but ozone is supplied to the mixing chamber through the pipeline anyway, which does not allow to achieve sufficient efficiency and economy of the device. Also, in the known device, along with ozone, activated carbon is used as a filter material, which requires periodic replacement or restoration of its sorption ability, which also increases operating costs when using this device, and also leads to environmental pollution, since chemical reagents are used.

The objective of the present invention is to provide a new device for cleaning and disinfecting the aquatic environment, providing the following technical result, namely to increase the efficiency and economy of cleaning and disinfecting water using ozonation.

To solve this problem, it is proposed in a device for cleaning and disinfection of the aquatic environment, including a sealed hollow body with two top and bottom caps, in which two coaxial cylinders, nozzles with fittings for supplying source water, exhausting treated and supplying compressed air, an electrode system with discharge zone, and the space between the cylinders is divided by permeable rings into three zones: the upper one is the receiving one, the middle one is the filter one filled with filtering material, and the lower one is for saturated I according to the present invention, place the discharge zone in the lower part of the inner coaxial cylinder, which is separated from the upper part by a suitable partition, make the coaxial cylinders from materials that do not conduct electric current, place an inductor connected to the high-frequency current generator located inside the outer cylinder outside the sealed hollow body, place a winding of wires in the inner cylinder, in which the RF current is induced from the inductor located in the outer cylinder HDPE, and the number of turns of winding is calculated so that voltage created in the coil sufficient to occurrence of the pulsed corona discharge in the electrode system at the bottom of the device, one of which is connected to the inductor, and the second - to a winding of the wires.

Such a new technical solution, with its entire combination of essential features, allows you to create a new device for cleaning and disinfecting the aquatic environment, which ensures the achievement of a technical result, which consists in increasing the efficiency and economy of water purification and disinfection using ozonation. This is due to the fact that in a sealed hollow housing it is proposed:

- place the discharge zone in the lower part of the inner coaxial cylinder, separating it from the upper part with the corresponding partition,

- coaxial cylinders made of materials that do not conduct electric current, resistant to ozone - ceramics, quartz glass, porcelain, heat-resistant fluoroplastic,

- place an inductor connected to a high-frequency generator inside the outer cylinder,

- place a winding of wires in the inner cylinder, in which the RF current is induced from the inductor located in the outer cylinder, and the number of turns of the winding is calculated so that a voltage is generated in the winding sufficient for a pulsed corona discharge to occur in the electrode system.

The applicant conducted a patent information search on this topic, which showed that the proposed set of essential features is not known. Therefore, the claimed invention can be considered new.

The present invention for a specialist does not logically follow from the prior art, which was sufficiently justified earlier.

The practical applicability of the claimed invention is illustrated by the following description and drawing.

In FIG. 1 shows a section of the proposed device for cleaning and disinfection of the aquatic environment, where:

1 outer cylinder

2 inductor

3 high frequency generator

4 inner coaxial cylinder

5 wire winding

6 electrode system (high voltage and low voltage electrode)

7 lower part of the inner coaxial cylinder

8 nozzle with fitting for compressed air

9 nozzle with a fitting for draining purified and disinfected water

10 bottom cover

11 pipe for receiving water from the highway

12 top cover

13 building

14 permeable rings

15 filter media

The device consists of two coaxially located (coaxial) cylinders 1 and 4 of electrically non-conductive material (such as ceramics), between which water flows.

The space between the covers 10 and 12 is divided into three sections by water-permeable rings 14. The middle section is filled with sorbent material 15 (for example, activated carbon).

Inside the outer cylinder 1 is an inductor 2 connected to a high-frequency generator 3.

In the inner cylinder 4, there is a winding from wire 5, in which the RF current is induced from the inductor 2. The number of turns of the winding 5 is much higher than the number of turns of the inductor 2, and is sufficient to obtain a voltage that allows you to create a pulsed corona discharge in the electrode system 6 in the lower section .

The electrodes are enclosed in a porous ceramic cylinder 7, into which compressed air is supplied through a pipe 8.

The pressure in the cylinder 7 is greater than the pressure of the water, and the permeability of the pores corresponds to the required concentration of ozone under these conditions. Water from the pipe 11 passes through a charcoal filter and is cleaned of impurities and saturated with ozone at the bottom of the device. It is assumed that the distance to the user is large enough or there is a storage tank in which the residual active oxygen is neutralized.

To create a pulsed corona discharge, the generator 3 generates pulses at a safe voltage (50-500 V) at a carrier frequency of 50-200 kHz, which is not enough to heat activated carbon.

But a frequency above 1-4 MHz is absorbed by activated carbon and heats it. It is known that heating coal to 800-900 ° C restores its absorption capacity. In this case, its sorbing ability can be significantly restored when heated to 400 ° C.

Thus, by draining the water, it is possible to provide induction heating of coal to the required temperatures. The contaminated gas emitted in this case leaves through the pipe 9, which in this case must be disconnected from the line going to consumers or to the storage tank.

Claims (1)

A device for cleaning and disinfecting aqueous media, including a sealed hollow body with two covers - the upper and the lower, in which two coaxial cylinders are placed, nozzles with fittings for supplying source water, exhausting treated and supplying compressed air, an electrode system with a discharge zone, and space between the cylinders is divided by water-permeable rings into three zones: the upper one is the receiving one, the middle one is the filter one filled with filtering material and the lower one is for saturating the water with ozone, characterized in that the discharge it is located in the lower part of the inner coaxial cylinder, which is separated from the upper part by a partition, the coaxial cylinders are made of materials that do not conduct electric current, the inductor connected to the high-frequency current generator located outside the sealed hollow casing is placed inside the outer cylinder; winding from wires, in which the RF current is induced from the inductor located in the outer cylinder, and the number of turns of the winding is calculated so that the winding is created in the winding l voltage sufficient for the occurrence of a pulsed corona discharge in the electrode system in the lower part of the device, one of which is connected to the inductor, and the second to the winding of the wires.