RU2469274C1 - Board for selecting observation objects from orbital spacecraft - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: physics.

SUBSTANCE: board for selecting a ground surveillance object from an orbital spacecraft refers to space engineering. The board for selecting ground surveillance objects from an orbital spacecraft has a flexible belt with a map of the surface of the plane, a semitransparent plate placed on top and a device for enabling movement of the belt with the map along the semitransparent plate from two shafts spaced apart and mounted parallel each other. The semitransparent plate consists of two parts. One edge of the first part of the semitransparent plate is curvilinear and has the shape of the curved line of the orbit of the spacecraft between ascending and descending nodes and the other edge is directed along the equator line of the map. One edge of the second part of the semitransparent plate is curvilinear and has the shape of the curved line of the orbit of the spacecraft between ascending and descending nodes and the other edge is directed along the latitude line of the map. Both parts of the semitransparent plate are mounted with superposition of the outermost points of the curvilinear edge of one part of the semitransparent plate with the outermost points of the curvilinear edge of the other part of the semitransparent plate and with possibility of each part of the semitransparent plate turning about an axis directed along the equator line of the map.

EFFECT: improved ergonomic capabilities of the board owing to prevention of obscuring of the map of the plane by the semitransparent plate and providing direct access to the map of the planet when using the board.

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Description

The proposed technical solution relates to the field of space technology and can be used to determine and select objects of observation from the board of the orbiting spacecraft (SC).

Known maps of the earth’s surface [1] and maps of the starry sky [2], which are used to determine and select objects for observations from the spacecraft. The disadvantage of the cards is that they lack graphic information about the orbit of the spacecraft.

A well-known tablet for selecting an object of observation from an orbiting spacecraft [3], which is selected as a prototype, it includes a flexible tape with a map of the earth’s surface, a translucent plate with an image of two halves of a satellite’s orbit, made with the combination of the ascending orbit node starting the first half of the turn, and the descending node of the orbit starting the second half of the turn, and a device for moving the tape with the card along the plate from two spaced and fastened in parallel with I'm waiting for the shafts. When using the tablet, the tape with the map is moved along the plate, the point of the ascending and descending node of the orbit is combined with the points of the equator of the map, corresponding to the longitude of the ascending and descending nodes of the considered coil. The orbit lines plotted on the plate show on the map the path of the orbit under consideration, which makes it possible to determine and select objects of the earth's surface for observation from the spacecraft.

The tablet adopted as a prototype has a significant drawback - a translucent plate directly covers a map of the earth’s surface - while, on the one hand, due to the incomplete transparency of the translucent plate, the visibility is degraded and it is difficult to read map information along the orbit of the spacecraft through the translucent plate, and on the other hand, direct access to the map along the orbit of the spacecraft’s orbit is blocked, which makes it impossible to make marks on the map (for example, to make marks on the selected map nnyh objects of observation).

The challenge facing the proposed device is to improve the ergonomic capabilities of the tablet by eliminating the shading of the card with a translucent plate and providing direct access to the card.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in the tablet for selecting ground-based objects of observation from an orbiting spacecraft, including a flexible tape with a map of the planet’s surface, a translucent plate mounted above it and a device for moving the tape with a map along a translucent plate from two spaced apart and connected parallel to each other shafts , unlike the prototype, a translucent plate is made up of two parts, each of which is located above one of the hemispheres of the card, with one The first part of the translucent plate is made curved in the shape of the curved line of the spacecraft’s orbit between the ascending and descending nodes of the orbit with the location of the extreme points of the edge on the map equator line, and the other edge of the first part of the translucent plate is directed along the map equator line, as well as one edge of the second part the semitransparent plate is made curved in the form of a curved line of the spacecraft’s orbit path between the ascending and descending nodes of the orbit with the location of the extreme points of the edge on the line the equator of the map, and the other edge of the second part of the translucent plate is directed along the line of the map with a constant latitude exceeding the inclination of the orbit of the spacecraft, and the two parts of the translucent plate are mounted with the alignment of the extreme points of the curved edge of one part of the translucent plate with the extreme points of the curved edge of the other part of the translucent plate, as well as with the possibility of rotation of each part of the translucent plate around an axis directed along the equator line of the map.

The essence of the proposed tablet is illustrated in figures 1 and 2, which introduced the notation:

1 - tape with a map of the earth's surface;

2 - the first part of the translucent plate;

3 - the second part of the translucent plate;

4 - the axis of rotation of the parts of the translucent plate;

5 - two parallel fastened rotating shafts;

6 - structural element, fastening the axis of the shafts 5;

7 - structural element, fixing the position of the axis of rotation of the parts of the translucent plate relative to the shafts 5;

8 - map equator line;

9, 10 - curved edges, respectively, of the first and second parts of the translucent plate, made in the form of a curved line of the spacecraft orbit path between the ascending and descending nodes of the orbit;

11, 12 - the extreme points of the curved edges 9, 10 of the parts of the translucent plate;

13 - the edge of the first part of the translucent plate, directed along the line of the equator of the map;

14 - the edge of the second part of the translucent plate, directed along the line of latitude of the map exceeding the inclination of the orbit of the spacecraft;

15, 16 - direction of rotation, respectively, of the first and second parts of the translucent plate;

i is the inclination value of the orbit.

The device for ensuring the movement of the tape with the card 1 along the parts of the translucent plate 2, 3 is made in the form of two spaced apart and fastened in parallel rotating shafts 5, structural members 6, fastening the axis of the shafts 5 together, and a structural member 7, fixing the position of the axis of rotation of 4 parts translucent plate 2, 3 relative to the shafts 5 (i.e., above the tape with the card 1).

The means for ensuring the rotation of the two parts of the translucent plate 2, 3 is made in the form of the axis of rotation of the parts of the translucent plate 4 and the structural element 7, fixing the position of the axis of rotation relative to the shafts 5.

The requirement that the edge of the second part of the translucent plate 14 is directed along the line of latitude of the map exceeding the inclination of the orbit of the spacecraft is necessary so that the mentioned edge 14 does not intersect with the curved edge of the second part of the translucent plate 10.

Work with the tablet is as follows.

In the initial position, the first part of the translucent plate 2 is rotated to a position above the northern hemisphere of the map, and the second part of the translucent plate 3 is rotated to a position above the southern hemisphere of the map (Fig. 1). The extreme points 11, 12 of the curved edges 9, 10 of the parts of the translucent plate are ordered in the direction of reference of the longitude scale on the equator line of the map 8.

Rotate the shafts 5 and move the tape with the card 1 relative to the parts of the plate 2, 3 until the point of the earth's equator 8 is aligned, corresponding to the longitude of the ascending node of the considered orbit of the spacecraft, with the extreme point of the curved edges of the parts of the translucent plate 11. The curved edge 9 of the first part of the translucent plate 2 shows on the map 1 the trace of the first half of the orbit under consideration (the trace from the beginning to the middle of the turn). At the same time, the part of the map located along the curved edge 9 outside (above) the first part of the translucent plate 2 - on this part of the map there are objects available for observation located along the spacecraft flight to the left of the route - it is absolutely accessible for reading information and for marking by the user.

The first part of the translucent plate 2 is rotated to a position above the southern hemisphere of the map, and the second part of the translucent plate 3 to a position above the northern hemisphere of the map. To do this, we rotate each part of the translucent plate 180 degrees around the axis of rotation 4. Figure 2 shows the new position of the two parts of the translucent plate. The curved edge 10 of the second part of the translucent plate 3 shows on map 1 the path of the first half of the orbit under consideration. At the same time, the part of the map located along the curved edge 10 outside (below) the second part of the translucent plate 3 - on this part of the map there are objects available for observation located along the spacecraft flight to the right of the route - it is absolutely accessible for reading information and for marking by the user.

Now by rotating the shafts 5 and move the tape with the card 1 relative to the parts of the plate 2, 3 until the point of the earth equator 8 is aligned, corresponding to the value of the longitude of the descending node on the considered orbit of the spacecraft, with the extreme point of the curved edges of the parts of the translucent plate 11. The curved edge 9 of the first part of the translucent Plate 2 shows on map 1 the path of the second half of the orbit under consideration (the path from the middle to the end of the turn). At the same time, the part of the map located along the curved edge 9 outside (below) the first part of the translucent plate 2 - on this part of the map there are objects available for observation located along the spacecraft flight to the right of the route - it is absolutely accessible for reading information and for marking by the user.

Return the two parts of the translucent plate to its original position (figure 1). To do this, we rotate each part of the translucent plate 180 degrees around the rotation axis 4. In this case, the first and second parts of the translucent plate 2 and 3 take positions above the northern and southern hemispheres of the map, respectively. The curved edge 10 of the second part of the translucent plate 3 shows on map 1 the path of the second half of the orbit under consideration. At the same time, the part of the map located along the curved edge 10 outside (above) the second part of the translucent plate 3 - on this part of the map there are objects available for observation located along the spacecraft flight to the left of the route - it is absolutely accessible for reading information and for marking by the user.

Thus, alternately on each side of the spacecraft path, the shading of the map is eliminated by a translucent plate and direct access to the map is provided.

We describe the technical effect of the invention.

The proposed device improves the ergonomic capabilities of the tablet in the determination and selection of objects of observation located on the surface of the planet with spacecraft. Improving ergonomic capabilities consists in eliminating the shadowing of the planet map with a translucent plate and providing direct access to the planet map in the process of using the tablet.

The technical result is achieved by changing the shape and size of the translucent plate - namely, by making the plate consisting of two parts and making the edges of the parts of the translucent plate curvilinear in shape of the curved line of the orbit path between the ascending and descending nodes of the spacecraft’s orbit, as well as due to the proposed installation two parts of a translucent plate with the possibility of their rotation in position above different hemispheres of the map.

LITERATURE

1. Votyakov A.A. Theoretical geography - 3. Maps of a flat earth. - M .: Sofia, 2002.

2. Map of the starry sky with zodiac constellations. - M .: DI EM BI, 2004.

3. RF patent №2324898 from 01/26/2006, IPC: G01C 21/24, B64G 1/22 - prototype.

Claims (1)

A tablet for selecting ground-based objects of observation from an orbiting spacecraft, including a flexible tape with a map of the planet’s surface, a translucent plate mounted above it and a device for moving the tape with a map along a translucent plate from two spaced apart and parallel-mounted shafts, characterized in that the translucent plate made of two parts, each of which is located above one of the hemispheres of the card, while one edge of the first part of the translucent plate is made it is curved in the shape of the curved line of the spacecraft’s orbit between the ascending and descending nodes of the orbit with the location of the extreme points of the edge on the map equator line, and the other edge of the first part of the translucent plate is directed along the map equator line, and one edge of the second part of the translucent plate is made curved in the shape of the curved line of the spacecraft’s orbit between the ascending and descending nodes of the orbit with the location of the extreme points of the edge on the map equator line, and the other edge of the second half of the the transparent plate is directed along the map line with a constant latitude greater than the inclination of the orbit of the spacecraft, and two parts of the translucent plate are installed with the extreme points of the curved edge of one part of the translucent plate aligned with the extreme points of the curved edge of the other part of the translucent plate, and also with the possibility of rotation of each parts of a translucent plate around an axis directed along the map equator line.

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