RU2467060C1 - Complex binder for making coal briquettes - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: chemistry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to organic binder for coal fuel briquettes, containing a mixture of resin wastes, consisting of different amounts of resin from captax production and still residues from fractionation production of diaphene "FP".

EFFECT: coal briquettes obtained from fine coal fractions, coal sludge and sludge cake using the binder have high calorific value and mechanical strength.

2 cl, 1 tbl, 4 ex

Description

The invention relates to a technology for the processing of finely divided coal raw materials into refined fuel for household and technological purposes.

Coal industry waste - sludge, screenings, cake, which are bound into briquettes by resinous waste of the chemical industry are used as feedstock.

As a binder, a resinous binder of variable composition is proposed, consisting of equal weight parts of two types of resinous wastes of the chemical industry, which include:

- Captax resins - chemical waste from 2-mercaptobenzthiazole;

- vat residues of the rectification process of the FP production of diaphene, consisting of diphenylamine and the resinous products of its chemical condensation. The technical result of the invention is achieved due to the presence of the required composition of the necessary astringent properties, allowing to form briquettes of the necessary strength, moisture resistance, increased calorific value.

Description of the invention: The invention relates to the production technology of coal refined fuel - briquettes for household and technological purposes by briquetting, in particular, to the selection of new types of binders with the necessary technological properties - high adhesion to the solid phase, the presence of surfactant properties, combustibility, a certain heat melting and others [1].

The purpose of the invention is to expand the range of binders to obtain a profitable modern coal briquette with a simultaneous solution of energy and environmental problems in the utilization of coal sludge, screenings, cakes and resinous wastes of the chemical industry.

Currently, the main reasons hampering the development of briquetting of coal and old brown coal is the lack of suitable binders. For this reason, everywhere and constantly searching for various options for individual or combined binders to obtain fuel briquettes, expanding their range [1-5]. The selection of binders that simultaneously satisfy all the necessary requirements is a complex technical task.

The invention allows according to a standard technological scheme (sieving of coal material (if necessary) - drying - mixing with molten binder - briquetting) using finely dispersed carbon material and declared tarry chemical waste to obtain a fuel briquette with high basic consumer properties (high calorific value, increased mechanical strength low water absorption). This makes it possible to increase the economic efficiency of the fuel and energy complex enterprises with the rational use of its coal resources, including secondary ones, and at the same time to solve the environmental problems of chemical production - to utilize unclaimed resins - Captax waste (2-mercaptobenzthiazole) and bottoms from the rectification process of diaphene production "FP".

The claimed production waste of 2-mercaptobenzthiazole - Captax resin is formed after the purification of commodity Captax and does not currently have practical use.

Captax production waste characterization

1. A complex mixture of variable composition of high-temperature condensation products of aromatic amines, containing the following components:

- phenylisocyanate C ₆ H ₅ NCS;

thiocarbanilide C ₆ H ₅ NH-C (S) -NHC ₆ H ₅ ;

- anilidobenzthiazole:

- 2-aminothiophenol - HN-C ₆ H ₄ -CH;

- 2,2-diaminodiphenyl disulfide - H ₂ N — C ₆ H ₄ —S ₂ —C ₆ H ₄ —NH ₂ ;

- 2,2-diaminonosulfide - H ₂ N — C ₆ H ₄ —S — C ₆ H ₄ —NH ₂ ;

- 2,2-dimercaptodiphenylurea - НS-С ₆ Н ₄ NНС (S) -НN-С ₆ Н ₄ SN;

- benzthiazole:

- 2-mercaptobenzthiazole:

2. Appearance - thick viscous resin from dark brown to black.

3. High water resistance.

4. Relate to the group of surfactants.

Characteristics of the production of diaphene production FP (anti-aging rubber)

1. A complex mixture of variable composition containing components:

- diphenylamine - not more than 35%;

- resinous condensation products - not less than 65%;

- water - no more than 2%.

2. Appearance - viscous resin from brown to black.

3. High water resistance.

4. Relate to the group of surfactants [8].

Closest to the declared binder among the resinous organic binders are waste of atmospheric vacuum oil refining - oil bitumen of different compositions or compositions based on them [6].

For example, there is a known method for the production of coal briquettes of old brown coals of the Kangalassky field, which have a low content of bituminous substances, using oil binders - oil bitumen of the Angarsk oil refinery, tar from oil from the Talakan field, lake sapropel of local origin in Yakutia [7].

The disadvantage of this invention is the use of a practically inaccessible additional component - lake sapropel of local origin, lack of data on coal briquetting, high transportation costs for delivering brown bitumen and tar to the brown coal mining site.

Closest to the invention is a method for the production of coal fuel briquettes based on petroleum bitumen, which, after dissolving in organic solvents (gasoline, benzene, kerosene), was applied in the form of the resulting solution to the coal particles of the mixture with subsequent blowing of the solvent with a sharp steam jet [5]. The main disadvantage of this invention is the use of toxic, flammable and explosive solvents, which according to the claimed invention are necessary for uniform application of binders to the surface of coal particles.

The purpose of the claimed invention is the use of non-traditional combustible binder to obtain high-quality fuel briquettes is achieved by using a resinous binder of variable composition, consisting of equal weight parts of two types of resinous wastes of the chemical industry, which include Captax resins (waste from the production of 2-mercaptobenzthiazole) and residual tar resins rectification process for the chemical production of diafen "FP" (anti-aging rubber).

Briquetting with the selected binder is due to its high adhesion to the surface of the coal particles due to the correctly selected chemical composition of the incoming components, which facilitates the interaction of the resin components with each other and the functional groups of resinous components with the functional groups of surface compounds of coal particles, i.e. chemical affinity is observed between the binder and the particles of coal.

Example 1 (prototype [5]).

The briquette is obtained from a coal charge consisting of a mixture of coal sludge and coal fines of coal (with a ratio of 1: 1) taken at the Zarechnaya mine of the Kuznetsk coal basin with the following characteristics:

1. Granulometric composition:

- particles with a size (0-1 mm) - 50%;

- (1-4 mm) - 40%;

- 4 mm - the rest.

2. 3% - 24%;

3. Humidity - 10%;

4. Calorific value - 5000 kcal / kg.

The resulting coal mixture after drying to a residual moisture content of 6% was mixed with a kerosene solution of petroleum bitumen and briquetted according to the technology according to the patent of the prototype [5]. After blowing off the solvent and cooling the resulting briquettes, their quality was checked according to the main consumer indicators. The test results are presented in table 1.

Examples 2-4 (according to the proposed binder)

For the manufacture of briquettes, the coal mixture according to the example was used, which was preheated to a temperature of 50 ° and mixed with a binder “FP” heated to 60-70 ° with a different amount of binder material. The experimental results and characteristics of the briquettes are presented in the table.

Table 1 Example No. Binder Consumption,% Ash content,% Calorific value, kcal / kg Mechanical strength, kg / cm ² 1. Prototype 24 5400 80 2. According to the claimed invention 6 twenty 5500 95 3. According to the claimed invention 8 19.5 5550 125 4. According to the claimed invention 10 19.2 5600 127 5. According to the claimed invention 12 19.1 5620 129

From table 1 it follows that the claimed binder can be used to obtain high-quality coal briquettes from coal waste, and the optimal mechanical strength with high quality briquettes is observed at a binder consumption of 8-10% by weight of coal material.

Information sources

1. Ac No. 1759857, MKL ³ C10L 5/38; C10L 5/36. Laminated fuel briquette. / E.N. Kuskova, V.B.Kuskov, publ. 09/07/1992, bull. No. 33.

2. RF patent No. 2078794, MKL ³ C10L 5/20. A method of producing coal briquettes / S.S. Budaev, Yu.A. Nifontov, A.R. Molyavko, A.N. Prokashev, B.I. Linev, V.A. Kilyakov, A.V. Scriabin. S.P. Nikolayev, publ. 05/10/1997.

3. RF patent No. 2147029, MKL ³ C10L 5/12; C10L 5/14; C10L 5/16; C10L 5/40. Fuel briquette and method for its production / V.G. Luriy, publ. 03/27/2000.

4. RF patent No. 2146276, MKL ³ C10L 5/44; C10L 5/12. Binder for fuel briquettes / Yu.O. Kasyanov, G.M. Drozdov, A.G. Dyukanov, B.N. Maimur, N.A. Noskov, publ. 03/10/2000.

5. A.S. No. 388011, MKL ³ C10L 5/16. Method for the production of coal briquettes / I.S. Makulin, Yu.A. Dubinchik, M.D. Petrov, B.A. Chernakov, A.Ya. Garbar, publ. 06/22/1973, bull. No. 28.

6. Elishevich A.T. Coal briquetting with binders. / A.T. Elishevich - M .: Nedra. - 1972. - 160 p.

7. Petrova L.A. Getting household fuel briquettes using oil binders / L.A. Petrova, V.G. Latyshev, O.V. Burenina // Oil and gas business, March 2007.

8. Guidelines for the use of bottoms from the production of “FP” diaphene to increase the water and frost resistance of asphalt concrete. M. - 1984.

Claims (2)

1. Organic binder for coal fuel briquettes, characterized in that to increase the calorific value and mechanical strength of fuel briquettes obtained from fine fractions of coal, coal sludge and cake, use a mixture of tarry waste, consisting of equal amounts of captax production resin and distillation residues of the process rectification of the production of diaphen "FP". 2. The binder according to claim 1, characterized in that the consumption of the claimed binder is 8-10% by weight of the coal material.