RU2466518C1 - Method of plants extraction - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: plants extraction is carried out with at least two forks, rigidly connected with a telescopic handle at an angle α. The handle is made adjustable in length. The forks ends are embedded in the root system of plants to the desired depth, then the handles are lowered down for providing uplifting force directed vertically upward and extracting the plant. The forks, with supporting shoes with stops hingedly fixed on them, in the plan are located at an angle

where n is the number of the used forks, n ≥ 2.

EFFECT: reduction of physical load in removing plants, a wide range of applications depending on the hardness of the soil.

3 cl, 8 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of agriculture, in particular to agricultural equipment, and is intended for the extraction of plants.

A device for digging the earth [2]. The device is equipped with a frame, which is made in the form of two upper and lower parts pivotally connected to each other. The upper part of the frame in the front part has a cross member for moving the shovel handle on it, and the shovel handle has an arm for the foot. The lever mechanism is mounted on the frame.

The disadvantages of this technical solution are:

- the relative high cost of the structure;

- great effort is required in the performance of work;

- the inability to use for transplanting plants.

The closest technical solution is a method for extracting weeds and / or weeding and a method for extracting weeds and / or weeding [1]. The weed extraction tool contains two teeth fixed on a common handle, immersed in the soil around the weed. One tooth is smooth, and on the other there is at least one hook-shaped protrusion, bent from its free end into the space between the teeth. With this hook-shaped protrusion, the weed is pierced or hooked to the root, and then the tool is simultaneously turned, tilted and pulled out of the soil.

The disadvantages of this technical solution are:

- low efficiency and productivity when removing and replanting plants;

- great efforts are required in the performance of work and thereby limited application.

The purpose of the invention is to increase work efficiency and reduce physical activity during removal and transplantation of plants.

, извлекающая растение. Подъемная сила

равна сумме

, где n - количество используемых вил. Количество используемых вил n≥2. Вилы (фиг.7) в плане располагаются под углом

, что обеспечит вертикальную направленность результирующей силы

(фиг.3, 4). К вилам шарнирно закреплен опорный башмак (фиг.8). Место установки упора на опорном башмаке по высоте меняется в зависимости от требуемой глубины заглубления. Длина телескопического черенка вытягиванием рукоятки изменяется и с удлинением увеличивает подъемную силу. Прикладываемое усилие на телескопический черенок (фиг.5) при этом значительно уменьшается и зависит от отношения длины плеч:This goal is achieved by the fact that the pitchfork in the amount of two or more rigidly connected to the telescopic handle at an angle α, which changes, is embedded in the root system of plants to the required depth (Fig. 1, 2). Next, the operators lower the telescopic cuttings of all forks through the handle down. A vertically upward lifting force appears

extracting plant. Lifting power

equal to the sum

where n is the number of used forks. The number of used pitchfork n≥2. Forks (Fig. 7) are planed at an angle

that will ensure the vertical orientation of the resulting force

(figure 3, 4). The support shoe is pivotally fixed to the forks (Fig. 8). The installation location of the stop on the support shoe in height varies depending on the required depth of penetration. The length of the telescopic handle by pulling the handle changes and with lengthening increases the lifting force. The applied force on the telescopic handle (figure 5) is significantly reduced and depends on the ratio of the length of the shoulders:

;

,

;

,

- усилие, прикладываемое оператором к черенку; F₁ - подъемная сила;

- плечо усилия, прикладываемого оператором к черенку; l₁ - плечо подъемной силы.Where

- the force applied by the operator to the handle; F ₁ - lifting force;

- shoulder effort exerted by the operator to the handle; l ₁ - shoulder lifting force.

Figure 1 shows two devices for extracting and replanting plants, a General view; figure 2 is the same, a top view; figure 3 - forks of three devices for extracting and replanting plants, General view; figure 4 - forks of four devices for extracting and replanting plants, General view; figure 5 is a design diagram of the two devices for extracting and replanting plants; figure 6 - node a in figure 1; Fig.7 - pitchfork, axonometry; in Fig.8 - persistent shoe, a perspective view.

The method is carried out using forks 1 to remove plants 2, which are attached to a telescopic handle 3 having a handle 4. A support shoe 5 is pivotally attached to the forks 1, which cuts into the ground 6 and serves as a support. Holes 7 are provided in the forks 1, into which the bolts 8 are inserted to adjust the angle α between the forks 1 and the handle 3 during operation. The support shoe 5 cuts into the ground 6 to the stop 9, the installation location of which varies in height.

, извлекающая растение 2 и равная

, где n - количество используемых вил, причем вилы в плане располагаются под углом

. Количество используемых вил n≥2. К вилам 1 шарнирно закреплен опорный башмак 5, и место установки упора 9 (фиг.8) на опорном башмаке 5 по высоте меняется в зависимости от требуемой глубины заглубления. Длина телескопического черенка 3 с рукояткой 4 изменяется и с удлинением увеличивает подъемную силу. По мере удлинения телескопического черенка 3 появляется необходимость уменьшать угол α. Прикладываемое усилие на телескопический черенок 3 (фиг.5) при этом значительно уменьшается и зависит от отношения длины плеч:The method of extraction and transplantation of plants is as follows. Forks 1 in an amount of two or more, rigidly connected to a telescopic handle 3 at an angle α, which changes, are embedded in the root system of plants 2 to the required depth (Fig. 1, 2). Rigid fastening of the telescopic handle 3 with a pitchfork is provided by inserting bolts 8 into the holes 7 (Fig. 6). Next, lowering the telescopic handle 3 through the handle 4 down appears vertically upward lifting force

extracting plant 2 and equal

, where n is the number of used forks, and the forks in the plan are located at an angle

. The number of used pitchfork n≥2. The support shoe 5 is pivotally fixed to the forks 1, and the installation site of the stop 9 (Fig. 8) on the support shoe 5 varies in height depending on the required depth of penetration. The length of the telescopic handle 3 with the handle 4 changes and with lengthening increases the lifting force. As the telescopic handle 3 lengthens, it becomes necessary to reduce the angle α. The applied force on the telescopic handle 3 (figure 5) is significantly reduced and depends on the ratio of the length of the shoulders:

;

,

;

,

- усилие, прикладываемое оператором к черенку; F₁ - подъемная сила;

- плечо усилия, прикладываемого оператором к черенку; l₁ - плечо подъемной силы.Where

- the force applied by the operator to the handle; F ₁ - lifting force;

- shoulder effort exerted by the operator to the handle; l ₁ - shoulder lifting force.

The proposed technical solution has a wide range of applications depending on the hardness of the earth, more efficient than analogues and is more economical.

Information sources

1. Patent of the Russian Federation No. 2180162, MKI A01B 1/00, A01B 1/02. A device for digging the earth / Safonov N.S .; Claim 11/10/1998; publ. 03/10/2002 (Analog).

2. Patent of the Russian Federation No. 2066096, MKI A01B 1/16. Weed and / or weeding tool and method for weeding and / or weeding / Chi-Chiang Li .; Claim 08/24/1993; publ. 09/10/1996 (Prototype).

Claims (3)

1. A method of extracting plants, including introducing into the soil forks having a handle with a handle, and extracting plants, characterized in that the extraction of plants is carried out by at least two forks rigidly connected to a telescopic handle at an angle α, which is adjustable, and the ends of the forks are inserted into the root system of plants to the required depth, then the arms are lowered down to provide a vertically upward lifting force that extracts the plant, and the forks with support towers pivotally mounted on them Kami with stops in the plan at an angle

, where n is the number of used pitchforks, n≥2. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that when extracting plants to provide the required depth of penetration of the pitchfork, the place of installation of the stop on the support shoe is made with the possibility of changing the height of the shoe. 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that when extracting plants to increase the lifting force, the telescopic handle with a handle is configured to change length.

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