RU2465191C2 - Self-propelled double-jib crane - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transport.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to machine building and can be used as hoisting device in various fields of national economy, in particular for reloading large-dimensioned cargoes and mounting long-length structures. Self-propelled double-jib crane includes two rotating platforms or two rotating pillars, one pillar for each jib. Telescopic jibs are used. Support platform is mounted on automotive or crawler self-propelled chassis.

EFFECT: enhancement of crane technological capabilities in terms of large-dimensioned and long-length cargoes with providing required values of not only linear but also angular coordinates of cargo, increased mobility, manoeuvrability and independence of crane movement, lower labour consumption during mounting and dismantling of crane for moving to another site.

2 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of mechanical engineering and can be used as a lifting mechanism in various fields of the national economy, in particular for the handling of bulky goods and the installation of long structures.

A device in the form of a complex of two single-boom cranes used to move the total load [Persion A.A. Handbook for the installation of special structures / A.A. Persion, Yu.I. Sedykh, Yu.N. Markman. - 2nd ed., Revised. and add. - Kiev: Budivelnik, 1981, p. 214]. Such a device allows lifting and moving to the final position of bulky goods and long metal structures, while ensuring the specified coordinates of the angular orientation of the cargo in space.

However, the known device has the following disadvantages: it is necessary to ensure the coordinated operation of two crane operators and the signalman, in difficult cases it is necessary to provide the crane operators and the signalman with two-way radio communication, before work, it is necessary to accurately link each crane to the specified points on the site, during operation it is necessary to simultaneously control: angles the deviation of two cargo ropes from the lifting plane for each crane, the angles of deviation of the cargo ropes from the gravitational vertical, and t Also, the tilt angles of the supporting platforms and the running gear (chassis) of two cranes to the horizon [Safety regulations for the operation of self-propelled jib cranes BCN 274-88 (Electronic resource) / Base of regulatory documentation: www.complexdoc.ru. URL: http://www.complexdoc.ru/ntdpdf/481136/pravila_tekhniki_bezopasnosti_pri_ekspluatatsii_strelovykh_samokhodnykh.pdf (accessed: 01/21/2011), pp. 14-20].

In this case, there may be: uneven distribution of loads on the cranes, uncoupling of the load from the slings, swinging of the load when the ropes are tilted, caused by uncoordinated actions of crane operators. This leads to an increase in working hours and the number of working personnel. Automation of the process is complicated due to the joint use of two separately standing crane mechanisms.

Of the known technical solutions, the closest in technical essence to the claimed object is a two-arm derrick crane [B. Weinblat Cranes for the construction of bridges / B.M. Weinblat, I.I. Elinson, V.P. Kamentsev. - M: Transport, 1988, pp. 120-121]. It contains: a horizontal support frame with four supports (running trolleys, outriggers); rotary platform; two masts; several struts-jibs; two arrows, two mechanisms for lifting the load (drive), each consisting of a cargo winch and a rope; supporting and guiding rope elements (rope blocks, supporting brackets, etc.); load gripping devices; lifting mechanisms of two arrows; crane rotation mechanism; hanging rafters.

A derrick crane is installed permanently on foundations, tower superstructures, floating supports or is used as a mobile crane when moving around a mounted structure (span, truss).

A horizontal frame of rectangular shape ensures the crane is supported on a span. The width and length of the horizontal frame are set in each individual case, taking into account the conditions for placing the crane on the mounted structure and transmission schemes for supporting elements of the loads and the anchor forces of the crane. It is necessary to anchor a stationary crane for the assembled structure or special foundations. A rotary platform is placed on top of the frame, on which two vertically located masts and two arrows rest. In some derrick crane designs, there is no pivoting platform, with the mast and boom resting directly on the frame. The reference point of each boom is at the base of the corresponding mast. Each mast is supported in the upper part by two or three strut-jibs rigidly connected to the frame. Instead of rigid strut-jibs, rope extensions can be used. The mechanical and electrical equipment of the derrick crane is mounted on the frame and on the turntable.

The mobile construction crane is equipped with suspension solutions fixed to the mast of the crane through a special beam. They occupy an extensive position in relation to the span, providing access to farm nodes. It is possible to increase the length of the arrows before starting work.

During the operation of the mobile derrick crane, the wheels of the running trolleys, on which the frame rests, are unloaded by installing the trolleys on the outriggers. The loads from the booms and masts are transmitted to the turntable and to the slewing rotary device with a drive, which provides simultaneous rotation in terms of two masts and boom of the crane relative to the frame and the span during operation. In the absence of a rotary platform, rotation in terms of two masts and crane arrows is not carried out. With the help of cable drives, the lifting and lowering of the booms and the lifting and lowering of the cargo ropes are also carried out during operation. The combination of these movements allows you to move the load, secured in two places, from the initial position to the final.

The prototype device has the following disadvantages: a two-arm derrick crane is a specialized device that is used when moving along spans of a certain size, or stationary. The complexity of the installation and dismantling of such cranes to move to another construction site is high.

The area served by the two-arm derrick crane is limited, since the suspension solutions, occupying a vast position relative to the span, prevent the arrows from turning in the plan. In the case of using a fixed design of the crane, the arrows are not rotated in the plan, which further limits the area served by the crane.

The design of the two-arm derrick crane makes it impossible to rotate in the plane of one arrow relative to the other (the projections of the axes of symmetry of the two arrows on the horizontal plane are always parallel to each other), as a result of which they are substantially limited: the possible angle of rotation of the load in the plan, as well as the possible angle of inclination of the cargo relative to the horizontal , since, according to safety requirements, the position of the cargo ropes during operation must remain vertical. Changing the departure of one arrow relative to the departure of another while maintaining a parallel arrangement of the projections of their axes increases the distance between the upper points of the arrows in the plan, which leads to an inclined arrangement of cargo ropes, since cargo sling provides for a constant position of the contact points of the cargo and slings or load gripping devices. That is, the rotation of the cargo by a certain angle around the vertical axis, carried out by changing the outreach of the arrows by raising and lowering, inevitably also causes the cargo ropes to deviate from the vertical by a certain angle. All of the above does not allow to provide the specified values of the angular coordinates of the cargo in the initial position, in the process of moving and in the final position, without violating the safety requirements for the vertical arrangement of cargo ropes. The allowable intervals of the linear coordinates of the load in the plan are also significantly limited. This reduces the technological capabilities of the crane.

The objective of the invention is to expand the technological capabilities of the crane to move large and long loads with the required values of not only linear but also the angular coordinates of the cargo, increase mobility, maneuverability and independence of movement of the crane, reduce the complexity of installation and dismantling of the crane to move to another object, on the preparation of sites for its operation, the expansion of the area served by the crane.

The following technical results are achieved:

- An increase in the structurally possible values of the angles of rotation of the arrows in the plan. The emergence of the possibility of changing the length of the arrows during the operation of the crane. The expansion due to this geometric dimensions of the area served by the crane.

- The appearance of rotational mobility of one arrow relative to another in plan. Due to this, the provision is made of a wide range of values of the angular coordinates of the load in the initial position, during the movement and in the final position.

- Reducing the time of installation and dismantling of the crane to move to another object.

- Reducing the time required to prepare sites for crane operation.

The specified technical results are achieved in that in the proposed device according to the invention, the crane contains an additional rotary platform, one for each boom, while the telescopic boom, the supporting platform is made on the basis of an automobile or tracked self-propelled chassis; the crane contains two rotary columns mounted on a rotary platform with the possibility of independent rotation of each rotary column around a vertical axis relative to the rotary platform, while the arrows of the telescopic structure are each mounted on its own rotary column.

The invention is illustrated by the accompanying drawings, in which Fig. 1 shows a side view of a self-propelled two-jib crane with two rotary platforms, Fig. 2 is a top view (plan) of a crane with two rotary platforms, and Fig. 3 is a side view of a crane with one rotary platform and two rotary platforms. columns, in figure 4 is a top view (in plan) of a crane with one rotary platform and two rotary columns.

Option 1. Self-propelled two-jib crane contains a support platform based on a motor vehicle or caterpillar self-propelled chassis 1 with remote, retractable or tilting support elements 2 in the amount of four pieces, two swing platforms 3, two telescopic booms 4 (Fig. 1, Fig. 2).

Two rotary platforms 3 are mounted on a support platform 1 with the possibility of rotation of each around a vertical axis (in plan) by an angle of at least 360 degrees. A telescopic boom 4 is mounted on each of the two rotary platforms, having one rotational degree of freedom relative to its own rotary platform. The rotation of the telescopic arrows 4 occurs around the horizontal axes of the hinges located at the base of the arrows (lower part). Telescopic booms 4 allow a change in their length during operation. The transported load 5, which is not part of the device, is connected with the heads of two telescopic arrows 4, which move the load 5 with the help of cargo ropes and slings or lifting devices.

The device operates as follows. The crane moves under its own power to the place of work. Before starting work, the support elements 2 are extended or reclined and the supporting platform 1 is hung on them with its horizontal leveling. Then, by turning the turntables 3, raising / lowering and changing the length of the telescopic arrows 4, they are transferred from the transport position to the position where the heads of the telescopic arrows 4 are above the points of the planned fastening of the gripping devices or slings on the cargo 5. The cargo is lifted / lowered ropes, securing the cargo 5 in two places, lifting and moving to the final position using the above movements of the rotary platforms 3, telescopic arrows 4 and cargo ropes. After that, the load is freed from the load gripping devices or slings and the cycle of moving the next load begins, or the work is completed.

Option 2. Self-propelled two-jib crane contains a support platform based on a motor vehicle or caterpillar self-propelled chassis 1 with external, retractable or tilting support elements 2 in the amount of four pieces, one rotary platform 3, two rotary columns 6, two telescopic booms 4 (Fig. 3, figure 4).

The turntable 3 is mounted on a support platform 1 with the possibility of rotation around a vertical axis (in plan) by an angle of at least 360 degrees. Two rotary columns 6 are installed on it, which each have one rotational degree of freedom relative to the rotary platform. The rotation of the rotary columns 6 also occurs around the vertical axes. A telescopic boom 4 is mounted on each of the two rotary columns 6, having one rotational degree of freedom relative to its own rotary column 6. Otherwise, the construction of the crane with one rotary platform and two rotary columns is similar to the construction of the crane with two rotary platforms described above.

The operation of the device with one rotary platform and two rotary columns is similar to the operation of the device with two rotary platforms described above, with the exception of an increase in the number of degrees of mobility of the entire mechanism by one unit (in addition to the two rotational movements of the rotary columns 6 around the vertical axes on the rotary platform 3, the latter has its own own rotational movement around a vertical axis on a support platform 1). This further increases the size of the area served by the crane, in plan, compared with a device with two rotary platforms.

Common features of the prototype and the claimed device are: frame structure of the supporting platform (base chassis); rotary platform; two arrows; two masts (two rotary columns) for a device with one rotary platform and two rotary columns; drive mechanisms.

Distinctive features are: the mobile nature of the support platform on the basis of an automobile or tracked self-propelled chassis; the number of turntables (two) in a device with two turntables; the possibility of independent rotation of each of the two rotary columns around the vertical axis on the rotary platform, in contrast to the fixed mast of the prototype (in a device with one rotary platform and two rotary columns); telescopic construction of arrows.

For the manufacture of the invention, commercially available components of hoisting cranes and manipulator cranes can be used: base chassis, swing platforms, telescopic booms, swing columns, drive components.

The use of new elements (a second rotary platform in a device with two rotary platforms, or two independently rotatable columns in a device with one rotary platform and two rotary columns) allows the angle to be changed between two arrows. This extends the area served by the crane in the plan, and allows you to provide specified values of the angular coordinates of the cargo without the help of slingers in the initial position, during the movement and in the final position within wide limits, without violating the safety requirements for the vertical arrangement of cargo ropes.

The use of new elements (arrows of a telescopic design) provides an increase in the possible values of the reach of the boom and the height of the load and expands the geometric dimensions of the area served by the crane.

The use of new elements (mobile base chassis of the support platform) provides increased mobility, maneuverability and independence of movement of the crane both within a particular construction site, and between them, reducing the complexity and cost of installation and dismantling of the crane to move to another object, by preparation of sites for its operation. It is possible to use the crane outside the span, increasing its versatility and manufacturability.

The structure and features of the claimed invention allow to provide the required values of both linear and angular coordinates of the cargo over a wide range. The manufacture of the invention is made from units and assemblies commercially available from industry.

Claims (2)

1. Self-propelled two-jib crane containing a support platform, a rotary platform, two booms, drive mechanisms, characterized in that the crane contains an additional rotary platform, one for each boom, while the telescopic boom, the supporting platform is made on the basis of a self-propelled or tracked self-propelled chassis. 2. Self-propelled two-jib crane containing a support platform, a rotary platform, two booms, drive mechanisms, characterized in that the crane contains two rotary columns mounted on a rotary platform with the possibility of independent rotation of each rotary column around a vertical axis relative to the rotary platform, while the boom telescopic design each mounted on its own rotary column.

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