RU2446014C2 - Universal mill - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: process engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to multistage devices for production and classification of mechanically activated powders of diverse materials of mineral, organic or technogenic formations, for example, black coal. Proposed mill comprises multistage rotor made up of vertical shaft with idle discs fitted thereon. Disc sizes increases along direction of processed raw stock transfer. Breaking elements made up of rings of diverse sizes and working surface profiles are arranged on outer surfaces of said discs to move and revolve about the axis.

EFFECT: power savings, longer life, higher reliability and stability of operation.

6 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to multi-stage devices for producing and classifying mechanically activated powders of various materials of mineral, organic or technogenic formations, for example coal, in particular to mills with working elements of the ring type, and can be used in mining, construction, energy, metallurgical, chemical, ceramic , feed and other industries.

Known devices for producing powders from coal and other materials, mills with working elements of the ring type, the main working body of which is a rotor, consisting of a horizontally located shaft and freely suspended on it with the possibility of rotation of the working elements made in the form of rings, which is installed in a housing having an opening for input of crushed raw materials and output of the finished product, fenders, sifting sieves [1].

A known design of a multi-stage device for the accurate grinding of various materials, containing a receiving and distribution chamber with loading and unloading holes, in which a pre-grinding stage of the feedstock, containing a cone drum with articulated beams fixed to it and several stages of mechanical activation of particles, are arranged sequentially relative to the vertical axis mass flow, each of which includes a centrifugal striking disk, ramp board, fender Osku, conical sieve [2].

The disadvantages of the operation of ring-type mills and a known device in which a multi-stage technology of mechanically activating particles of mass flow is implemented are the high energy intensity of the raw material processing process, the high wear of the destruction elements, the uneven particle size distribution of the final product particles, determined by the low efficiency of the sieving cone sieves.

A known design of a universal mill, selected as a prototype, comprising a cylindrical body, protected on the inner surface from wear by jack-off armored plates with a corrugated working surface, upper and lower base plates with loading and unloading holes, a conical drum, on the outer surface of which there are several rows of articulated fixed beaters forming a multi-stage rotor and a pneumatic air-closed-cycle separator containing a pulverizer of ground mass and a center reliable fan mounted on a common vertical shaft [3].

Processing of raw materials in the mill is carried out by repeated blows of pieces and particles with bats, their impacts on the stationary corrugated surfaces of the armor plates of the body, and the classification of the mass by an air-closed cycle pneumatic separator.

Based on the design of the universal mill, selected as a prototype, the most significant drawbacks of its work are the intensive wear of the destruction elements (beat), high energy intensity and low efficiency of the air-closed cycle separator. The design of the separator eliminates the possibility of changing the energy intensity and efficiency of the separation of particles into classes for various materials and technology requirements without changing its design parameters.

The objective of the invention is to obtain in the device mechanically activated powders of various materials of mineral, organic or technogenic formations from nanoscale grades and above, to reduce the energy intensity of the raw material processing process by implementing various methods of mechanical destruction of particles of mass flow in steps that determine the amount of total useful work.

The solution to this problem is achieved by the fact that in a mill, the main nodes of which are a cylindrical body, protected on the inner surface from wear by armor plates, the working surface of which has a profile that is different in structure and parameters, the upper and lower support plates with loading and unloading components openings, axial fan with air ducts, loading and unloading hoppers, electric motor, pneumatic separator, airlock and regulating device air traction force, a multistage rotor is installed, consisting of a vertical shaft with supporting discs fixed on it, the dimensions of which increase along the movement of the processed raw materials, on the outer surface of which destruction elements made in the form of rings are installed with the possibility of free movement and rotation about the axis whose surfaces differ from each other in shape, size and profile parameters.

The invention is illustrated by the following drawings:

- figure 1 is a longitudinal section of a universal mill;

- figure 2 is a cross section along the line aa;

- figure 3 is a longitudinal section of a dust-collecting device of the separator;

- figure 4 is a longitudinal section of a traction force regulator of a dust intake device of an injection type.

Universal mill (figure 1) consists of:

1 - cylindrical body;

2 - lower base plate with unloading holes;

3 - upper base plate with loading holes;

4 - loading hopper;

5 - a regulating gate;

6 - axial fan;

7 - rotor shaft;

8 - the upper support of the rotor;

9 - lower support of the rotor;

10 - bearing disks;

11 - axis;

12 - elements of destruction;

13 - electric motor;

14 - plate;

15 - fan;

16 - dust pipe;

17 - regulator;

18 - dust intake device;

19 - discharge hopper;

20 - a lock lock.

In the housing (figure 2) installed:

21 - armor plates with a corrugated working surface;

22 - blades of the carrier rotor disks;

23 - holes of the bearing discs of the rotor;

24 - elements of destruction.

Pneumatic separator (figure 3) consists of:

25 - a base made in the shape of a cone;

26 - ring type blinds;

27 - dust pipe.

The injector-type traction force regulator (FIG. 4) contains:

28, 29 - cylindrical working elements of the traction force regulator;

30 - a sealant;

31 - profile through grooves for air intake.

Universal mill works as follows. The raw materials to be processed by grinding, the feed device is fed into the feed hopper 4. From the hopper 4 through the control valve 5, the feed enters the destruction zone of the mill body 1. In the destruction zone, the processing of raw materials occurs due to multiple mechanical loading of particles by working elements 12 mounted on disks rotor 10 with holes for air intake, methods of impact, crushing, compression, abrasion in pure form or in the aggregate of various combinations, impacts and abrasion on the working surfaces of the armor O boards 21, the mutual collision and mutual friction of the particles against each other. Fracture bearing elements mounted on the rotor disks are made with guide vanes mounted at an angle to the radius of rotation, which allows normalizing the movement of particles of mass flow in the working zone of their destruction. The volume of raw material pulverized per unit time is controlled by a shutter 5.

The turbulent air flow created by axial fans helps to evacuate the crushed mass from the destruction zone to the discharge hopper 19, increases the efficiency of the dust collecting device 18 by continuously cleaning its working surface. A pneumatic separator is installed in the discharge hopper, which contains a conical funnel with openings 25, along the outer surface of which the blinds of the ring type 26, dust pipe 27, and the airflow traction force regulator (Fig. 4) are made in the form of two cylinders 28.29, containing longitudinal through grooves of various profiles 31 mounted hermetically in one another with the possibility of angular rotation relative to each other. Ring-type blinds 26 can reduce the speed of the mass flow, increasing the degree of classification of particles with a minimum size of the separating surface. When processing energetically active types of raw materials, a fan 6 can be fed into the zone of destruction and classification of any inert gas provided by the technology with or without overpressure. Processing of raw materials in an inert gas environment eliminates the coagulation of energy-active particles among themselves, determines the safe working conditions of the mill under any operating conditions. Changing the operating mode of the fan 15 by the injector-type traction force regulator by the relative position of the working elements 28, 29 will determine the change in the granulometric composition of the finished product according to the particle size as to the side of their increase or decrease without changing the uniformity coefficient. The underfinished fraction enters the airlock 20, installed in the discharge hopper, made in the form of a cylinder with blades fixed to it.

Thus, the installation in the mill of working elements made in the form of rings with a different shape of the working surfaces along the stages of destruction allows to obtain a grinding product in a wide range of particle sizes of aligned particle size distribution, to reduce the energy consumption of the process due to the integrated use of various methods of loading particles that determine the total efficiency is useful spent work, increase the durability, reliability and stability of the mill.

Information sources

1. Golovkov Yu.P. Crushing of solid fuel in thermal power plants. - M .: Energoatomizdat, 1985.

2. Patent of the Russian Federation 2079363 (13) С1-6, В02С 13/14, 7/02 - multistage crusher, dated 05/19/1994

3. Patent of the Russian Federation 2116131 (13) С1-6, В02С 13/14, 7/02 - universal mill, from 06/06/1996

Claims (6)

1. The mill is universal, containing a cylindrical body, protected on the inner surface from wear by armor plates, the working surface of which has a profile different in structure and parameters; upper and lower base plates with loading and unloading holes; axial fan with air ducts; loading and unloading hopper; electric motor; pneumatic separator; lock gate; device for regulating air traction; multistage rotor, consisting of a vertical shaft with bearing disks fixed to it, the dimensions of which increase along the movement of the processed raw materials, characterized in that the destruction elements installed with the possibility of free movement and rotation on the bearing disks are made in the form of rings, the working surfaces of which differ from friend in shape, size and profile parameters. 2. The mill according to claim 1, characterized in that a pneumatic separator is installed in the discharge hopper, which contains a conical funnel with holes, on the outer surface of which ring-type blinds, a dust pipe, and an airflow traction force regulator are installed with equal steps. 3. The mill according to claim 1, characterized in that the regulator of the traction force of the air flow is made in the form of two cylinders containing longitudinal through grooves of various profiles, installed hermetically one in the other with the possibility of angular rotation relative to each other. 4. The mill according to claim 1, characterized in that the airlock mounted in the discharge hopper is made in the form of a cylinder with blades fixed to it. 5. The mill according to claim 1, characterized in that the rotor disks carrying the destruction elements are made with holes for air intake. 6. The mill according to claim 1, characterized in that the rotor disks bearing the destruction elements are made with guide vanes mounted at an angle to the radius of rotation.

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