RU2338581C1 - Impulse-2 taper nozzle scrubber - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: engines and pumps.

SUBSTANCE: proposed taper nozzle scrubber incorporates a housing with a dusty and a purified gas branch pipe, a nozzle spraying system, a bearing and constricting plates with an adapter arranged there between, a mist eliminator representing an adapter layer fitted between the aforesaid plates and a mud separator. Note here that the bearing plates are elastic and the aforesaid adapter arranged above the lower bearing plate is made in elastic materials and represents hollow polyethylene balls or a helical line cut on a spherical surface of the said balls. Note also that the vibrator is arranged on the said lower bearing plate. The aforesaid spraying system represents an acoustic nozzle incorporating a casing housing a cavity resonator to generate acoustic oscillations and air-and-liquid feed nozzles. The casing is made up of an upper cylindrical and lower parts jointed together by, at least, two rods, the upper part accommodating a union with cylindrical and taper aligned orifices to feed a spraying agent, for example, air. Note that the said union inside accommodates the said nozzle furnished with the central liquid feed orifice and aligned with the union, the said nozzle being rigidly locked by the locking plates interacting with the said liquid feed central orifice inner surface. The rod is arranged inside the aforesaid sleeve and aligned with it, the rod end being furnished with the aforesaid cavity resonator pressed therein and representing a taper-surface cup and the rod tail being furnished with locating plates to interact with the sleeve inner surface. The aforesaid lower flange accommodates, at least, one nozzle arranged at the angle to the cavity resonator axis varying 20°÷40°. Note here that the nozzle axis continuation lies on the circumference located at the resonator taper surface center.

EFFECT: higher efficiency and reliability provided for by increasing spraying efficiency.

4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to techniques for wet dust collection and can be used in chemical, textile, food, light and other industries for the purification of dusty gases.

A known apparatus for wet cleaning of dusty air by AS USSR No. 1711952, cl. B01D 47/06 of 05/14/90, comprising a housing, a spray, a gas inlet, a clean gas outlet and a sludge outlet.

Its disadvantage is the relatively low efficiency of the dust collection process, as well as the complicated design.

The closest technical solution to the claimed object is a scrubber, known from the book of A.A. Rusanov. A guide to dust and ash collection. M., - Energoatomizdat, - 1983, p. 106, Fig. 4.24a (prototype), comprising a housing with nozzles for dusty and purified gas, a nozzle irrigation device, support and restriction plates, between which there is a nozzle, a spray catcher and a device for removal of sludge.

The disadvantage of the prototype is the relatively low efficiency of the dust collection process due to the underdeveloped spray surface of the liquid.

The technical result is an increase in the efficiency and reliability of the dust collection process by increasing the degree of liquid atomization by nozzles.

This is achieved by the fact that in a conical nozzle scrubber containing a housing with nozzles for dusty and purified gas, a nozzle irrigation device, support and restriction plates, between which there is a nozzle, a spray trap made in the form of a nozzle layer located between the support and restriction plates, and a device for removing sludge, and the support plates are made elastic, and the nozzle placed above the lower support plate is made of elastic materials, for example, in the form of plastic balls, and and a vibrator is mounted on the lower support plate, the nozzle being made in the form of hollow balls, on which a helical groove is cut through the spherical surface, or the nozzle is made in the form of a helical line formed on a spherical surface, the irrigation device is made in the form of an acoustic nozzle for spraying liquids containing a housing with placed inside the acoustic oscillation generator in the form of a nozzle and a resonator, the housing being made in the form of a vertically arranged cylindrical sleeve, in the upper part of which a pipe for supplying air is arranged, and a pipe for supplying liquid is located perpendicular to its axis, a sleeve with upper and lower flanges is rigidly fixed to the inside of the housing, the lower flange being rigidly fixed in the groove made in the housing, and inside the sleeve, aligned with it, a rod is located, at the end of which an annular volume resonator is pressed, made in the form of a cup with a conical surface, and in its rear part there are fixing discs interacting with the inner surface of the sleeve, and in the lower fl NCU is arranged at least one nozzle at an angle to the resonator axis, whose value lies in the following range of values: 20 °: 40 °, with the continuation of the nozzle axis lies on a circle located in the middle part of the conical surface of the resonator.

Figure 1 shows a conical nozzle scrubber with a movable nozzle, figure 2 shows a nozzle in the form of hollow balls, on the spherical surface of which a helical groove is cut, figure 3 is a nozzle in the form of cylindrical rings, on the side surface of which a helical groove is cut, figure 4 is a diagram of an acoustic nozzle.

The conical nozzle scrubber with a movable nozzle comprises a housing consisting of a cylindrical part 1, a conical part 2, the lower part of which is connected to the cylindrical part 3 and the conical sludge collector 4, with nozzles for dusty and purified gas, respectively. The irrigation device 7 is made in the form of an acoustic nozzle mounted in the center of the housing. On the lower support plate 8 is a layer of the nozzle 9. The spray catcher is made in the form of a layer of the nozzle 9, located between the support 5 and the limiting 6 plates (figure 1). The lower 5 and 8 support plates and nozzle 9 are made of elastic materials. The nozzle 9, placed above the lower support plate, is made of elastic materials, for example, in the form of plastic balls.

A vibrator can be installed on the lower support plate 8 (not shown in the drawing). The nozzle 9 is made in the form of hollow balls, on a spherical surface of which a helical groove is cut (Fig. 2), or in the form of a helical line formed on a spherical surface. The nozzle 9 is made in the form of cylindrical rings, on the side surface of which a helical groove is cut (Fig. 3), or in the form of a helical line formed on a cylindrical surface. The nozzle 9 is made in the form of toroidal rings (not shown in the drawing). The nozzle is made of elastic polymeric materials, composite materials, and obtained by molding or sintering.

As a spray, an acoustic nozzle is used (Fig. 2), comprising a housing 10 with an ultrasonic frequency range sound generator located in the form of a nozzle 12 and an annular volume resonator 14. The housing 10 is made in the form of a vertically arranged cylindrical sleeve, in the upper part of which there is a tube 16 for supplying air, and perpendicular to its axis is a tube 17 for supplying liquid. Inside the housing 10, coaxially with it, a sleeve 23 is rigidly fixed with flanges upper 11 and lower 15, the lower flange 15 being rigidly fixed in the groove made in the housing 10.

Inside the sleeve 23, coaxially with it, there is a rod with a diameter d, at the end of which an annular volume resonator 14 is pressed, made in the form of a cup 18 with a conical surface 20. In the rear part of the rod 13 there are fixing discs 21 and 22 made in the form of elastic petals interacting with the inner surface of the sleeve 23. At least one nozzle 19 is located in the lower flange 15 at an angle to the axis of the resonator 14, the value of which lies in the following range of values: 20 ° -40 °, and the continuation of the axis of the nozzle 19 lies on a circle located camping in the middle of tapered surface 20. The inner surface of the sleeve 23 are coaxial conical 24 and cylindrical 25 opening.

For optimal operation of the nozzle, the following ratios of its parameters must be observed:

the ratio of the height h _{1 of the} annular volume resonator 14 to the distance h between the upper base of the conical surface 20 and the lower end surface of the housing 10 lies in the optimal range of values: h ₁ / h = 1 ÷ 3;

the ratio of the inner diameter d _{1 of the} cup 18 of the resonator 14 to the diameter d _{2 of} its outer cylindrical surface lies in the optimal range of values: d ₁ / d ₂ = 0.7 ÷ 0.9;

the ratio of the inner diameter d _{1 of the} cup 18 of the resonator 14 to the diameter d of its rod lies in the optimal range of values: d ₁ / d = 1.25 ÷ 3;

the ratio of the inner diameter d _{1 of the} cup 18 of the resonator 14 to the height h _{1 of the} annular volume resonator 14 lies in the optimal range of values: d ₁ / h ₁ = 1 ÷ 2.

Conical nozzle scrubber with a movable nozzle operates as follows. The dusty gas stream enters the housing 1 through the inlet of the dusty gas flow and meets a curtain from the nozzle 9, which is wetted with water or other absorbent from the irrigation device 7. To remove sludge, a device 4 is used to remove sludge in the form of a channel in the bottom of the housing or mechanism. To ensure free movement of the nozzle 9 in the gas-liquid mixture, its density should not exceed the density of the liquid. The process of dust collection takes place in the optimal hydrodynamic regime of a gas scrubber, characterized by a regime of fully developed fluidization. To intensify the hydrodynamic regime, a vibrator can be installed on the lower support plate 8 (not shown in the drawing). This will allow the scrubber to switch to the vibro-fluidized bed mode, in which the interaction efficiency of the nozzle 9, irrigated by the liquid, with the gas phase will increase, and therefore increase the overall efficiency of the apparatus. The implementation of the nozzle 9 of the bottom 8 of the support plate of elastic material will allow under certain conditions to create a mode of oscillation or self-oscillation, which will also increase the efficiency of interaction of the nozzle 9 with the irrigated liquid.

The acoustic nozzle for spraying liquids works as follows. A spraying agent, for example air, is supplied through a tube 16, where it encounters an annular volume resonator 14. In the latter, as a result of the passage of the resonator 14 by a spraying agent (for example, air), pressure pulsations arise in the latter, creating acoustic vibrations, the frequency of which depends on the parameters of the resonator. The acoustic vibrations of the sawing agent contribute to a finer atomization of the liquid supplied through the tube 17 to the nozzles 19, from where it falls on a circle located in the middle of the conical surface 20 of the resonator 14, then crumbles under the influence of acoustic air vibrations into small droplets, resulting in a torch sprayed solution with air, the root angle of which is determined by the angle of inclination of the conical surface 20 of the resonator 14.

The scrubber can be used to clean fine dust and humidify air in ventilation units and air conditioning units, as well as in trapping mists, readily soluble dust, as well as in the process of dust collection, gas cooling and absorption of packed gas washers. The effectiveness of the proposed design of the nozzle scrubber increases due to the larger interaction surface of the nozzle in the above processes, as well as optimization of the hydrodynamic situation, and amounts to about 97% when collecting dust particles larger than 2 microns in size.

Claims (1)

A conical nozzle scrubber comprising a housing with nozzles for dusty and purified gas, a nozzle irrigation device, support and restriction plates, between which there is a nozzle, a spray catcher made in the form of a nozzle layer located between the support and restriction plates, and a device for removing sludge, the supporting plates are made elastic, and the nozzle placed above the lower supporting plate is made of elastic materials, for example, in the form of plastic balls, and on the lower supporting plate a vibrator is installed, and the nozzle is made in the form of hollow balls, on a spherical surface of which a helical groove is cut, or the nozzle is made in the form of a helix formed on a spherical surface, characterized in that the irrigation device is made in the form of an acoustic nozzle for spraying liquids containing a housing with placed inside the generator of sound vibrations of the ultrasonic frequency range in the form of a nozzle and an annular volume resonator, and the housing is made in the form of vertically arranged a cylindrical sleeve, in the upper part of which there is a tube for supplying air, and perpendicular to its axis there is a tube for supplying liquid, and inside the case, coaxially to it, a sleeve with upper and lower flanges is rigidly fixed, while the lower flange is rigidly fixed in the groove made in case, and inside the sleeve, coaxially with it, there is a rod with a diameter of d, at the end of which an annular volume resonator is pressed, made in the form of a cup with a conical surface, and in the tail part of the rod there are fixed e disks interacting with the inner surface of the sleeve, and at least one nozzle is located in the lower flange at an angle to the axis of the resonator, the value of which lies in the following range of values: 20–40 °, while the continuation of the axis of the nozzle lies on a circle located in the middle part of the conical surface of the resonator, and the ratio of the height h _{1 of the} annular volume resonator to the distance h between the upper base of the conical surface and the lower end surface of the housing lies in the optimal range of values h ₁ / h = 1 ÷ 3; the ratio of the inner diameter d _{1 of the} resonator cup to the diameter d _{2 of} its outer cylindrical surface lies in the optimal range of values of d ₁ / d ₂ = 0.7 ÷ 0.9; the ratio of the inner diameter d _{1 of the} resonator cup to the diameter d of its core lies in the optimal range of d ₁ / d = 1.25 ÷ 3; the ratio of the inner diameter d _{1 of the} resonator cup to the height h _{1 of the} annular volume resonator lies in the optimal range of d ₁ / h ₁ = 1 ÷ 2.

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