RU2336951C2 - Centrifuge to partially separate juice from pulp - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: engines and pumps, engineering processes.

SUBSTANCE: centrifuge consists of a housing to accumulate and withdraw separately the final products a pulp feed pipe and a truncated-cone rotor fitted on the shaft. An unloading device is seated on the same shaft with the rotor and spring-pressed against it. The said device consists of a partition with unloading openings and a taper part to withdraw fluid. The said spring pre-compression is effected by an adjusting device. A sealer is used to ensure higher-tightness pressing of the unloading device to the rotor.

EFFECT: high-quality juice cleared of impurities by centrifugal pulp separation.

1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of separation of dispersed media and can be used for partial separation of juice from the pulp, as well as its purification.

Known filter centrifuge for separating medium and fine suspensions [1], consisting of a casing for collecting and separate drainage of the filtrate and sediment, a feed pipe for feeding the suspension and rotor in the form of a solid truncated cone. The rotor is equipped with a glass, in the bottom of which an annular sealing element is installed and a perforated dividing surface is made with a filter element located on it. The side surface of the glass is located outside the rotor and has discharge windows for sediment. The glass is installed with the possibility of its reciprocating movement relative to the axis of the rotor for the periodic formation of a gap for unloading sediment.

The disadvantage of this device is the high content of small solid particles in the obtained liquid fraction, as a result of which it is necessary to carry out additional cleaning of the liquid. In addition, to unload the centrifuge, it is necessary to sharply slow down its rotation, and upon completion of the unloading of the sediment, accelerate again to operating speeds using complicated drive mechanisms.

Also known is a continuous centrifuge of a settling type with screw discharge [2], which consists of a conical or cylindrical-conical drum. Inside the drum, a screw with a hollow shaft rotates more slowly. The suspension is fed through the pipe and through the holes enters the conical drum. At the larger diameter of the drum, the suspension settles, and the liquid is poured through the windows in the end wall of the drum, and the sediment is slowly moved by a screw to the discharge windows located at the smaller diameter of the drum. When the sludge moves in an unfilled suspension of the drum part, the sludge is additionally dehydrated. The sediment moves as a result of the fact that the screw makes less revolutions than the centrifuge drum, rotating with it in the same direction. The operation mode of the centrifuge can be adjusted by changing the settling time or by changing the number of revolutions of the conical drum of the centrifuge and the screw.

The disadvantage of this device is the high energy consumption for the movement of sediment and losses in the differential gear. This design is complex both in manufacturing and in its further use.

A device is proposed for partial separation of juice from the pulp, consisting of a casing for collecting and separately discharging the final products, a supply pipe for feeding the pulp and the rotor in the form of a conical truncated cone. An unloading device is located on the same axis as the rotor. It is pressed against the rotor by a spring and consists of a partition with unloading windows and a conical part for draining the liquid.

High-quality work of the proposed device for partial separation of juice from the pulp is achieved by the fact that the juice obtained by centrifuge during separation is additionally cleaned of more dense particles of pulp, thereby improving the quality of the final product. Also, when unloading the centrifuge, there is no need to change its speed, which allows the use of less complex drive mechanisms.

The drawing schematically shows a device for partial separation of juice from the pulp.

The centrifuge consists of a housing 1 for collecting and separately discharging the final products, a feeding pipe 2 for feeding the pulp and the rotor 3 in the form of a conical truncated cone. The centrifuge rotor 3 is mounted on the shaft 4. On the right side of the axis with the rotor 3 there is an unloading device. It is pressed against the rotor 3 by a spring 5 and consists of a partition 6 with discharge windows and a conical part 7 for draining the liquid. Pre-compression of the spring is carried out due to the adjusting device 10. For a more tight pressing of the unloading device to the rotor 3, a seal 11 is used.

The centrifuge operates as follows.

The rotation of the rotor 3 with a constant angular velocity is carried out from the drive shaft 4. The feed pipe 2 is fed with a pulp into the rotor of the centrifuge 3. The density of the pulp is higher than the density of the juice. Thus, during rotation under the action of centrifugal forces, the pulp in the pulp begins to compact, displacing the free juice to the axis of rotation of the centrifuge rotor 3. The released juice through the discharge windows of the baffle 6 enters the liquid discharge zone of the housing 8. The pressure from the compacted pulp is created on the baffle of the unloading device 6 and separated juice. Previously, the spring 5 is compressed by means of an adjusting device 10 to a state that can withstand pressure on the sidewall of the mass, consisting of 80% of the compacted pulp and 20% of pure juice. When the amount of sealed pulp increases, the working compression of the spring 5 occurs and the discharge gap opens, through which the pulp is removed to the sediment discharge zone 9. Then, the discharge device is automatically pressed to the rotor and the juice separation is repeated.

The high-quality work of the proposed centrifuge allows to obtain high-quality juice purified from impurities by centrifugal separation of the pulp.

Information sources

1. A.S. No. 1687296, cl. B04B 1/20, 11/02, 1988.

2. Planovsky A.N. Processes and devices of chemical technology. - M .: Publishing house "Chemistry", 1968.

Claims (1)

A device for partial separation of juice from the pulp, consisting of a casing for collecting and separately discharging the final products, a feed pipe for feeding the pulp and the rotor, in the form of a conical truncated cone, as well as a discharge device located on the same axis as the rotor, characterized in that the discharge the device is pressed against the rotor by a spring and consists of a partition with discharge windows and a conical part for draining the liquid.