RU2335896C1 - Device for fishing of young fish - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: device contains waterborne vehicle, traps representing a net of the cone form and capacity for catch concentration. It additionally contains arm-frame, fixed on a snout of the waterborne vehicle, traps are additionally equipped with a zip fastener, anchor wire and spacing rings, first of them are equally on the exterior part of the net within 1 metre, and next-to-last and the last one on distance of 15-20 cm. Traps are located along boards of the waterborne vehicle, and front part of the trap is attached to the arm-frame, and back part to the spacing ring which is fixed by an anchor wire to the back wall in capacity for catch concentration. The capacity for catch concentration is executed in the form of a storage box with a firm bottom which is rigidly fixed on an aft end of the waterborne vehicle. The length of the storage box is 50-60 cm longer than a boat stern, the front side of the storage box has apertures for its fastening to the stern of the waterborne vehicle and two apertures for fastening a back part of a trap to them. The back side of the storage box contains a window tightened from the interior side with seine netting with cell of 3 mm and two loops for fastening of anchor wire. The top part is executed in the form of a frame fitted of 10 mm with the seine netting.

EFFECT: increase of device efficiency.

5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to fisheries and can be used for fishing juvenile salmon, namely pink salmon or chum salmon, for its quantitative accounting.

Since the 20th century, accounting for the abundance of juvenile salmon fish has become an integral part of monitoring their stocks and predicting the abundance of adult fish.

A peculiarity of the catadromic migration of juvenile Pacific salmon is that it occurs at night, when feeding objects of juvenile salmon (larvae of amphibiotic insects) leave their shelters in the water column, while juvenile salmon and pink salmon often prefer to migrate in the upper water layer.

Known devices for catching juvenile salmon ("A quick guide to recording the number of caviar and juvenile salmon in spawning rivers", Taranets A.Ya., Gromova AF, Guseva NI, TINRO report No. 9414, 1939):

1) the device consists of a wooden box, two openers are attached to the front wall of which, and the rear wall is made of metal mesh with a mesh size of 2-3 mm. The device is installed in the riverbed. The young caught in the trap are caught from the box with a net and counted every two hours, including at night;

2) a wooden partition is arranged across the channel of the reservoir, a slot is made in the middle of the partition, a cage is installed under the slot, from which the fry are removed with a net to calculate it, the fry are counted similarly to the first analogue.

Known rigid cone-shaped trap for fishing juvenile fish, made of metal mesh with a mesh of not more than 4 mm, attached to metal rods. The trap has a rectangular cross section with the sides of the inlet 75 × 50 cm, a fish receiver (bag of gauze or kapron gas) and guy wires. (Instruction on the procedure for compulsory observations of Far Eastern salmon at the KNS KNP of the Basin Fish Management Departments and TINRO hospitals, Vladivostok, 1987).

The disadvantage of these devices is that due to frequent floods, they can only be installed on small and medium rivers 2-3 m wide and quiet, in addition, traps quickly become clogged.

A device for catching juvenile fish on larger rivers is known, which is a cone-shaped trap from the delhi with an inlet 1.0 × 1.0 m or 0.5 × 1.0 m 2 m long, which is also fastened with braces to a cable stretched across the river.

Known rigid cone-shaped trap for fishing juvenile fish, made of metal mesh with a mesh of not more than 4 mm, attached to metal rods. The trap has a rounded cross section with an inlet diameter of 80 cm, a fish receiver (a bag of gauze or kapron gas) and guy wires (Instructions on the procedure for compulsory observations of Far Eastern salmon at the KNS KNP of the basin protection departments and hospitals of TINRO, Vladivostok, 1987). The trap is mounted on a cable, which is pulled across the river.

The disadvantage of these devices is that for servicing the trap it is necessary to build bridges or pull the cable, which makes it impossible to travel on the river in boats. Far Eastern rivers are characterized by floods that often break or demolish a trap as a rigidly fixed structure. Juveniles in a conical trap are subjected to the action of a flow, which presses it to the net and injures, therefore, in order not to die, it is necessary to remove it from the trap every two 2 hours and count it. This is very time-consuming, especially at night, when its maximum progress is observed.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved result to the claimed technical solution is a device for fishing juvenile fish (A.S. No. 1346084 dated 01.04.85), including a watercraft, traps, which are a cone-shaped net with a spacer frame in the mouth and a container for concentration catch.

The disadvantage of this device is that the capacity for the concentration of the catch is small and to prevent injury, the removal and counting of juveniles in order to avoid its death must be carried out every 2 hours.

The objective of the invention is to reduce the injury and death of juvenile salmon and ensure ease of use of the device.

A device for recording juvenile fish contains a watercraft, traps, which are a cone-shaped net, and a container for catch concentration. Additionally contains a bracket-frame, mounted on the nose of the boat, the traps are additionally equipped with a zipper, guy rods and spacer rings, the first of which are evenly located outside the net every 1 m from each other, and the penultimate and last at a distance of 15-20 cm each from friend. Traps are located along the sides of the boat, with the front part of the trap attached to the bracket-frame, and the rear part to the spacer ring, which is fastened to the back wall in a container for concentration of catch. The container for the concentration of the catch is made in the form of a storage box with a hard bottom, which is rigidly fixed to the stern of the craft. The length of the storage box is 50-60 cm longer than the stern of the boat, the front side of the storage box has holes for attaching it to the stern of the craft and two holes for mounting the rear of the trap in them. The back side of the storage box contains a window tightened on the inside with a non-aqueous piece with a mesh of 3 mm, and two loops for attaching guy wires. The upper part is made in the form of a frame, covered with 10 mm non-aqueous piece.

Figure 1 schematically shows a device for fishing juvenile fish in a working position, General view; figure 2 - the device in the working position, top view; figure 3 - bracket-frame, figure 4 - trap for fishing fry, figure 5 - storage box, General view.

A device for fishing juvenile fish includes (Fig. 1) a watercraft 1, on the nose of which a bracket-frame 2 is fixed, two traps 3 are fixed on the sides, and a storage box 4, a cable 5, an anchor 6 are fixed at the stern.

As a watercraft use a wooden flat-bottomed river boat, or any dural type Progress boat, or a pontoon.

The bracket-frame 2 (Fig. 3) is a welded construction made of a metal reinforcing bar, to which metal dies (8) with screw holes for fastening to the boat are welded in three places. The base of the bracket (a) is made of reinforcing rods with a diameter of 6-8 mm. Additional parts of the frame (b, c) are made of metal rods with a diameter of 4-5 mm. The side size of the square frame (9) is 75 or 100 cm.

Trap 3 (figure 4) is a net bag (del with a mesh pitch of 3 mm) conical shape. The front part of the net web of the trap is sewn directly to the frames of the bracket, the rear end of the trap is sewn to the spacer ring (10b).

Lightning lock (7) - for cleaning the net bag of the trap from branches and debris.

The spacer rings (10, 10a, 10b) are made of wire, which are mounted on the trap bag from the outside at a distance of 1 m from each other, to maintain the trap bag in a cone-shaped state. The first 2-3 rings (10) have a diameter close to the size of the spacer frame (2), the penultimate ring (10a) has a diameter 5 cm larger than the hole (8) in the living box, the last ring (10b) has a diameter of 1 cm less than the hole (11) in the storage box, and they are located 15 cm from each other. To the last ring (10b) are attached wire braces (12) with hooks at the ends, which are attached to the loop (13) located on the rear wall of the storage box.

Box-drive 4 (figure 5) is a rectangular box with solid side walls (16) and a solid bottom (17). The length of the storage box is 50-60 cm longer than the stern of the boat to enter the ends of the bag of traps into it, and the height is 5-10 cm above the displacement line of the boat (i.e. above the water level). In the middle of the front wall of the storage box there are holes (14) for attaching it to the stern of the boat, and at a distance of 20-25 cm from the edges there are round holes (11) with a diameter of 20 cm through which the end of the trap bag with the last ring (10b) is passed . The back wall has a rectangular hole (15), tightened with a mesh step of 3 mm for constant water exchange, and a loop (13) for attaching guy wires (12). The storage box is made of plastic, aluminum or wood and is rigidly attached to the stern of the boat. The lid of the box is made in the form of a frame covered with 10 mm non-aquatic case to protect juveniles from fish-eating birds.

The device operates as follows.

Before catching the fish fry to the bow of the boat 1 (Fig. 1), three screws (8) rigidly fix the bracket-frame (2), to which two traps (3) are fixed. In the manufacture of the frame, it is necessary to especially make sure that the upper side “b” of the frame (Fig. 3) is 5-10 cm above the displacement line of the boat (ie above the water level), which is necessary to catch the topmost layer of water, where juvenile salmon and pink salmon often migrate.

A storage box (4) is rigidly attached to the stern of the boat. The dimensions of the storage box depend on the size of the stern of the boat, i.e. the length of the storage box should be 50-60 cm longer than the stern of the boat to enter the ends of the net bag of traps into it. The entrance part of the trap is attached to the bracket frame, the last spacer ring (10b) is threaded into the hole (11) of the outer front wall of the storage box, stretched and wire-fastened (12) is attached to the loop (13) located on the rear wall of the storage box. The penultimate ring (10a) is pressed by tension to the hole in the storage box and juvenile salmon that have already been caught cannot exit the storage box through the space between the case and the hole in the front wall. The device prepared for fishing is set to a predetermined area, an anchor is installed, and under the action of the current, the traps are oriented against the current. In the process of fishing (up to 24 hours), juvenile fish get into a lively storage box, from which the juveniles are pulled out with a manual net and counted. Work on counting juveniles is carried out at any time convenient for employees.

The proposed device is easy to manufacture, reliable and convenient to use.

Design features allow you to:

1) do not block the channel where the population uses the river as a transport artery;

2). perform accounting work on rivers of any width, exposing several accounting devices across the width of the channel;

3) do not injure young salmon in the trap;

4) to keep juveniles in a live fish box for up to a day without the risk of her death;

5) to count the juveniles during the day at any convenient time;

6) to clear the net bag of the trap from debris without removing the structure from the water.

Claims (1)

A device for recording juvenile fish, contains a watercraft, traps, which are a cone-shaped net and a container for catch concentration, characterized in that it additionally contains a bracket-frame mounted on the nose of the craft, the traps are additionally equipped with a zipper, braces and spacer rings, the first of which are uniformly located outside the net every 1 m from each other, and the penultimate and last at a distance of 15-20 cm from each other, while the traps are located along the sides of the boat, with the front part of the trap is attached to the bracket-frame, and the back to the spacer ring, which is fastened to the back wall in the container for catch concentration, the container for concentration of catch is made in the form of a storage box with a hard bottom, which is rigidly fixed to the stern of the craft, while the length of the storage box is 50-60 cm longer than the stern of the boat, the front side of the storage box has holes for attaching it to the stern of the craft and two holes for mounting the rear of the trap in them, the rear side of the storage box contains a window , tightened on the inside with a non-aqueous case with a mesh of 3 mm and two loops for fastening guy wires, the upper part is made in the form of a frame covered with 10 mm non-aqueous case.

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