RU2331876C2 - Method of ecological control of water pollution, bottom sediment and atmosphere along trunk pipelines laid at pool bottom, and device for its implementation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: physics.

SUBSTANCE: registration devices are placed in environment at several levels. Hydrophysical field signals are registered, with further chemiluminescent, chromatographic, ion selective, spectral and radiometric analysis of water, soil and air samples. Additionally temporal variations of horizontal andvertical components of hydrophysical and geophysical field vectors are measured at spaced-apart points of the controlled region. Signals of acoustic impedance at the bottom layer are registered. Molecular spin interactions of sea water protons are detected. The further analysis defines additionally synthetic surfactant content in water medium by atomic absorption spectrophotometry, concentration of chlorophyll, microbes, phyto- and zooplankton. Also the invention claims a device for implementation of the method.

EFFECT: extended functional capabilities and higher reliability of ecological control.

2 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to ecology and can be used when monitoring offshore and coastal sections of gas pipelines.

A known method for assessing the quality of water and the sanitary condition of water bodies, including sampling, determining the number of hydrobionts in them and assessing them according to the obtained indicators, in which the number of ciliates and rotifers is determined, and when the ratio of the values obtained is 0-0.15; 1.5-2.0; 2.0 or more, the test water or the zone of the reservoir is evaluated as toxic, oligotrophic and eutrophic [1]. A significant drawback of this method is the lack of reliable registration of a number of parameters important from the point of view of the environmental situation, in particular radioactivity, the content of organic substances, heavy metals, acidity, toxic substances, as well as the impossibility of a quantitative and qualitative analysis and classification of water pollution.

There is also a known method for determining the contamination of bottom sediments, which involves extracting the test and pure bottom sediments with water, introducing test organisms into the extracts, recording the physiological parameter of the test organisms, comparing experimental and control data and judging the purity or contamination of the studied bottom sediment from the obtained data, in which to increase the accuracy and expressivity of the determination of the extraction of bottom sediments is carried out for at least 50 minutes at a volume ratio of sediment water and not less than 1: 8, as test organisms use elodea cells with a temporarily immobile cytoplasm, as a physiological parameter after the introduction of test organisms into the samples, the moment of restoration of the movement of the cytoplasm is recorded, when comparing the experimental and control parameters, their ratio is established, when a value of this ratio, less than or equal to 1, the studied bottom sediments are classified as clean, with a value greater than 1, but less than or equal to 3, bottom sediments are classified as slightly contaminated, with a value of higher than 3, but less than 5, to moderately polluted, and with a ratio equal to or greater than 5, to highly polluted [2].

A significant drawback of this method is the effect on the accuracy of the analysis (identification) of artifacts, since the following artifacts are possible when extracting contaminants from the soil (soil):

- the introduction of impurities solvent-extractant;

- uneven extraction of pollution of various nature;

- decomposition of the target components during thermal desorption extraction.

The most characteristic artifacts in the extraction extraction of toxic substances from the soil (extractants - water or organic solvents) are the introduction of impurities from solvents into the sample or uneven extraction of compounds of various classes from the soil. In the case when this “unevenness” reaches 50-60% or more, not only the results of the quantitative determination of contaminants are distorted, but also poorly extracting impurities can be “lost” against the background of significantly higher concentrations of other components, which will lead to a significant distortion of the identification of soil pollutants substances.

The application of this method also does not provide reliable registration of the full range of parameters, and quantitative and qualitative analysis is impossible, in particular, when assessing and predicting the dynamics of harmful effects on the safety of operation of trunk pipelines.

Also known are complexes and devices that provide discrete (periodic) sampling of water, for example, using bathometers for subsequent detailed analysis of water [3, 4]. The disadvantages of these devices include the impossibility of operational and continuous analysis in real time, i.e. in on-line mode.

Also known are devices for the environmental control of pollution of the aquatic environment [5], by means of which a method is implemented based on the placement in the test medium of sensors sensitive to various types of hydrophysical fields: salinity, temperature, electrical conductivity, sound velocity in water, illumination, transparency of the aquatic environment and content of plankton in it. In this case, the sensors of hydrophysical fields are placed on a cable, through which information in binary decimal code is transmitted to the on-board magnetic recorder. The disadvantages are the same as in the known methods [1, 2].

The elimination of the identified deficiencies allows to provide a device for the environmental control of pollution of the aquatic environment [6], which provides increased reliability of pollution control, achieved by expanding the functionality in the form of classification of pollution by their main environmental groups. The device contains a water intake line with sensors of various hydrophysical fields placed on it, connected to the water intake inputs of chemiluminescent, chromatographic, ion-selective, spectral and radiometric analysis, also connected by its electrical outputs to the ionizing radiation spectrometer and a combination of logic circuits that allow for special grouping and processing of information with its subsequent transfer to the documentation device. In this case, information processing and preliminary analysis are carried out in real time using hydrophysical field sensors located on the towed line, with the simultaneous supply of the analyzed water to the onboard part of the system from one or more line horizons, and the decision to assign the registered anomaly to one group or another pollution is carried out by a special grouping and processing of signals from sensors. The classification of contaminants is ensured by a grouping of signals from sensors, taking into account their sensitivity to various types of hydrophysical fields, connected by certain dependencies with groups of contaminants. In particular, the signals from the conductivity and pH sensors are combined, which are affected by changes in the salt, acid, alkaline composition of water.

The disadvantage of this known technical solution is the need to place an environmental control system on a research vessel, which allows it to be used only under favorable weather conditions. Otherwise, the registration of hydrophysical fields will be burdened by significant errors due to the influence of external conditions. In addition, with a significant length of trunk pipelines, this technical solution does not meet the requirements for obtaining continuous, objective and timely information.

One of the requirements for environmental monitoring systems for offshore sections of trunk pipelines, especially in anomalous zones, is the requirement to ensure regular monitoring, analysis, assessment and prediction of the state of the components of the natural environment in the area affected by the elements of the main pipeline.

The known methods and devices for their functionality do not solve this problem, since the basis of their functioning is the principle of monitoring the chemical composition of the aquatic environment or soil without regard to the interaction of external conditions and operational characteristics of the object of study, for example, a main pipeline.

In addition, the known methods are based on thermoclinic analysis, where the parameters of the state of sea water are pressure, density, temperature and salinity, which does not allow a high degree of certainty to obtain the final results, which judge the degree of contamination, since the waters of the oceans are complex heterogeneous system. In the course of the subsequent analysis using special algorithms for the classification and grouping of pollution parameters, it is necessary to use a set of spectral analyzers working on different physical principles, and empirical dependencies should be used to identify pollution, which with complex interconnected interaction of the physical and chemical characteristics of the environment in combination with the effect on the environment the environment of the object of study itself requires numerous computational operations, which ozhet lead to artifacts that reduce the degree of reliability of identification, and significantly increases the complexity of the studies.

The objective of the proposed technical solution is to expand the functionality of the method of environmental pollution control with increasing the reliability of control by ensuring registration and subsequent complex processing of the entire spectrum of signals generated by the components of the natural environment when exposed to the dynamic characteristics of the object of study.

The problem is solved due to the fact that in the method of environmental control of pollution of the aquatic environment, bottom sediments and atmosphere along the route of pipelines laid on the bottom of reservoirs, which consists in placing recording devices in the natural environment at several horizons, recording signals of hydrophysical fields, followed by chemiluminescent chromatographic, ion-selective, spectral and radiometric analysis of water, soil and air sampling by special grouping and processing of inf Formations with subsequent transmission to documentation devices additionally measure the temporal variations of the horizontal and vertical components of the vector of hydrophysical and geophysical fields in the controlled region at spaced points, highlighting the variation caused by the state vector of the object under study as an artificial acoustic anomaly in the aquatic environment with registration of acoustic impedance signals from the bottom layers, perform the detection of molecular spin interactions of protons of sea water, reveal artif the events caused by magnetohydrodynamic, bioelectric and concentration effects, in the subsequent analysis, additionally determine the content of synthetic surfactants in the aqueous medium by atomic absorption spectrophotometry, the concentration of chlorophyll, microorganisms, phytoplankton, zooplankton, and a device for environmental pollution control containing a water intake line with sensors of hydrophysical fields placed on it, connected to the water intake ports of the devices chemiluminescently chromatographic, ion-selective, spectral, radiometric, as well as connected by its electrical outputs to the ionizing radiation spectrometer and a combination of logic circuits, is additionally connected by its electrical outputs to the atomic absorption spectrophotometer, X-ray fluorescence analyzer, on a water intake line located on the carrier, additionally a filter plant with membrane filters for the concentration of chlorophyll was installed, a filter plant with a Ze funnel eggs for sampling microorganisms, a Knotott camera for counting the amount of phytoplankton, a Bogrov camera for counting the amount of zooplankton, a centrifuge for determining the content of chlorophyll, a geophone, a hydrophone, a proton spin echo spectrometer sensor and electrodes connected by their information outputs through a set of corresponding logic circuits to the inputs of the blocks analysis of chlorophyll, microorganisms, phytoplankton, zooplankton, hydroacoustic signals, spin-relaxation parameters, artifacts, respectively And registering media devices placed on the water surface, provided with an air intake device connected to inputs of a corresponding air intake contamination analysis blocks.

The invention consists in a continuous analysis of information in real time on the measured parameters of not only the aquatic environment, but also on the measured parameters of the entire spectrum of the environment: atmosphere, soil, biosphere in combination with the measured parameters of the object of study. In this case, spin-relaxation parameters are determined during identification of the aquatic environment, with the exception of artifacts due to magnetohydrodynamic, bioelectric, and concentration effects. Unlike well-known technical solutions, the proposed technical solution allows you to control not only parameters such as electrical conductivity, temperature, hydrogen index, radioactivity, REDOX potential, oxygen content, heavy metal ions, but also physiological parameters (microorganisms, phytoplankton, zooplankton), the content of surface-active substances and gaseous substances, in combination with the dynamic parameters of the studied object, which significantly expands the functional capabilities of soba, and the subsequent complex processing of the excess spectrum of the measured parameters improves the reliability of obtaining the final results.

The essence of the proposed method is as follows.

Registration devices are located in the natural environment, namely in the atmosphere, water and on the ground. As carriers of registration devices, ships, buoys installed by means of anchors, autonomous bottom stations, drifting autonomous stations at different horizons are used.

Registration devices when using ships and buoys are located on the water intake line and are sensors of temperature, radioactivity, electrical conductivity, salinity, pH, oxygen content, heavy metal ions, physiological parameters, sensors for the content of surface-active and gaseous substances, sensors for hydroacoustic signals. Using these sensors, signals are recorded in the surface water layer and at the atmosphere-water interface.

At drifting and bottom stations, recording devices are installed, which are sensors of temperature, salinity, hydrogen index, oxygen content, heavy metal ions, active and gaseous substances, hydroacoustic signal sensors.

Drifting stations are located on the surface and in the water layer at depths of 170-180 m, 500-600 m, 1000-1100 m from the surface, which is caused by the need to register a natural electric field vertically, which is characterized by pronounced jumps at these depths, and bottom stations respectively on the ground.

This arrangement of stations with recording equipment allows for the analysis of pollution to reduce the number of artifacts that lead to distortion of the results of determining the degree of pollution and due to the magnetohydrodynamic effect, which depends on the vertical change in the structure of the flow field, bioelectric effect at depths of 15-20 m, as well as the concentration effect. Failure to take these factors into account can adversely affect the subsequent pollution identification procedure.

All stations are equipped with hydro-acoustic communication channels, and drifting stations on the surface of the aquatic environment are additionally equipped with a satellite communication channel.

The implementation of the proposed method is illustrated by drawings.

Figure 1. Placement of registration devices in the natural environment.

The media of the recording devices are a vessel 1, drifting buoys 2, placed at different horizons, installed by anchors 3, and bottom stations 4. The media of the recording devices are equipped with a water intake line with temperature sensors 5, 6, radioactivity 7, electrical conductivity 8, and pH 9, REDOX potential 10, oxygen 11, contain a block of ion-selective electrodes 12, a hydrophone 13, a geophone 14, sensors of heavy metal ions 15, sensors for the content of active and gaseous substances 16, a block of sensors of physiological parameters 17, a proton spin echo spectrometer sensor 18, electrodes 19, a tide gauge 20, a sonar antenna 21, a satellite navigation antenna 22, an atmospheric pressure sensor 23.

The mareograph 20 is installed at the bottom stations 4, and the satellite navigation antenna 22 and the atmospheric pressure sensor 23 are installed on drifting buoys on the water surface.

At the top of the drifting buoy 2 there are: a satellite navigation antenna 22 for communication with a satellite navigation system that measures geographic coordinates, surface waves and velocity vector, as well as for transmitting the measured parameters to ground control stations via GLONASS or GPS navigation satellites.

The upper part of the body of the drifting buoy 2 is made of solid foam, which reduces the mass of the upper part of the drifting buoy 2. In the center of the upper base of the drifting buoy 2, a tube passing through the foam body is hermetically sealed. In the upper part of the tube, on a special traverse, an air temperature sensor 5 is installed, and in the lower part a water temperature sensor 6 is installed.

Inside the case there is an instrument chassis on which boards are installed with the corresponding spectrometers placed on them, with the means of processing and documenting the information obtained through sensors.

The architectural form of the drifting buoy 2 is determined on the basis of requirements, functional purpose, which consists in the possibility of more accurate determination of wave parameters, in particular wave height and period, as well as on the basis of the requirement to reliably transmit measured information via satellite radio channel in the presence of pitching.

As an atmospheric pressure sensor 23, a serial RTV-10 sensor is used, which is connected to the atmosphere by a thin elastic tube facing the beam.

As a temperature sensor 6, a sensor TSP-002-03 was used, which can also be used to measure water temperature.

Figure 2. Functional diagram of the device.

The device contains a water intake line with temperature sensors 5, 6, radioactivity 7, electrical conductivity 8, pH 9, REDOX potential 10, oxygen 11, ion-selective electrode block 12, hydrophone 13, geophone 14, heavy metal ion sensors 15, content sensors active and gaseous substances 16, a block of physiological parameters sensors 17, a proton spin echo spectrometer sensor 18, electrodes 19, a tide gauge 20, a sonar antenna 21, a satellite navigation antenna 22, an atmospheric pressure sensor 23, a water intake device thy 24 connected to the water inlets of chemiluminescent 25, chromatographic 26, ion selective 27, spectral 28, radiometric 29 analysis, atomic absorption spectrophotometer 31, chlorophyll analysis unit 32, microorganism analysis unit 33, phytoplankton analysis unit 34, zooplankton analysis unit 35, a unit for processing hydroacoustic signals 36, a unit for processing spin-relaxation parameters 37, a unit for an ionizing radiation spectrometer 38, a documenting device 39, an information exchange unit (controller) 40, a log unit circuitry 41, air intake device 42.

As an example of the implementation of sensors 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, you can use the corresponding blocks of the prototype device.

The electrodes 19 are weakly polarizing chlorine-lead electrodes (see, for example: On the nature and causes of the change in the natural electric field of the water column of the ocean vertically. / Bogorov V.G., Demenitskaya PM, Gorodnitsky AM et al. // Oceanology, L ., vol. IX, issue 5, 1969).

An analog of the proton spin echo spectrometer sensor 18 is a proton spin echo probe (Zverev SB A new method for studying the dynamics of ocean waters. Vladivostok. Proceedings of the Pacific Oceanological Institute FEB RAS, v.3, 1990, p.160-172), which allows physico-chemical properties of sea water at the molecular level. In this case, the functional dependences of viscosity, density, compressibility, heat capacity, electrical conductivity and solubility of gases from external factors (temperature, salinity, hydroacoustic pressure) are evaluated, and data on the amount of paramagnetic compounds in sea water and the nature of the interaction of substances dissolved in sea water are determined with water molecules, which provides an assessment of the impact of the anthropogenic factor during the operation of trunk pipelines in anomalous zones, for example disposal of chemical weapons, as well as to identify areas with anomalous values of relaxation parameters associated with deep hydrothermals, faults, volcanism, discharges of industrial wastes, gas emissions of chemical origin by a combination of spin relaxation parameters, such as the spin-lattice interaction rate, which characterizes the process of establishing thermodynamic equilibrium between the spin subsystem and the lattice, the spin-spin relaxation rate, which characterizes the conservation of spin memory b conditions created in which the magnetization, the spin-lattice relaxation time in the rotating coordinate system that describes the process of establishing equilibrium magnetization along the high-frequency field.

The water intake line also includes means for sampling water, bottom organisms and soil and zooplankton. For sampling water can be used, as in the prototype, intake hoses or bathometers, for example type PE 1420, which is a bathometer with a telescopic device from the sections forming the body. When folded, it descends to a predetermined depth, providing free passage of fluid through the sampler. After that, a messenger load is advanced along the cable, extending the sections. The resulting cavity is filled with liquid. Then the water is drained into the container through the bottom opening, which opens when pressed. Portable grabs with a telescopic device and plankton nets can be used to extract bottom organisms and soil. The selected samples are separated and concentrated by means of an autoclave module type MKP-04.

Further, the samples are identified by chromatography-mass spectrometry with Fourier transform of the signal and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (see, for example: Drugov Yu.S., Zenkevich I.G., Rodin A.A. Gas chromatographic identification of air, water pollution, soil and biological media. M., Binom. Laboratory of knowledge, 2005, S. 708-710) by means of devices 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34.

Simultaneously with sampling, a natural electric field is recorded by means of electrodes 19 in order to exclude artifacts caused by magnetohydrodynamic, bioelectric and concentration effects during subsequent identification of contaminants, as well as register signals to determine parameters such as water and air temperature (sensors 5 and 6, respectively) atmospheric pressure (sensor 23), electrical conductivity (sensor 8), pH (sensor 9), REDOX potential (sensor 10), oxygen (sensor 11), salt concentration, slots, alkali (sensor 12), the speed of underwater currents (sensor 13), the acoustic field (sensor 14), the tide level (sensor 20).

The sensor unit for physiological parameters 17 is a set of sensors, including a filter unit with membrane filters for concentrating chlorophyll, a filter unit with a Seitz funnel for sampling microorganisms, a Nozhott camera for counting the amount of phytoplankton, a Bogrov camera for counting the amount of zooplankton, a centrifuge for determining the chlorophyll content.

Due to the fact that the biomass is located at a depth of no more than 20 m from the surface, a tide gauge 20 has been introduced to control sea level. Sea level control is also necessary in the presence of surge waves, which is typical for the conditions of the Baltic Sea.

Information communications between the carriers of registration devices 1, 2, 3, 4 are carried out via a hydroacoustic channel through a hydrophone 14 and a hydroacoustic antenna 21, which is a vertical radiating antenna that is matched with the first waveguide mode, which makes it possible to suppress reverberation by more than 20 compared to an omnidirectional radiator db

The design of the hydroacoustic module, including the hydroacoustic antenna 21, hydrophone 14, is a universal receiving-emitting module in which the receiving and radiating devices are combined, which allows the use of the antenna 21 to generate connected, and not just sounding signals.

When using sounding signals, taking into account the fact that the main pipelines lie at relatively shallow depths, the principle of operation is that low-mode backlight pulses corresponding to weakly damped low-dimensional modes of a shallow sea are excited by means of a hydroacoustic antenna 21 of a vertical type.

The receiving device (hydrophone 14) detects pulsed signals of other modes arising due to diffraction, spaced from the emitted modes by the mode spectrum, while the emitted mode is not accepted, since the mode shadow method is used. Useful diffracted by acoustic objects, such as piping, mode pulses are distinguished against the background of additive noise and reverberation using methods of spatial, frequency and temporal filtering consistent with the medium. The implementation of this principle makes it possible to take into account the peculiarities of the propagation of acoustic signals in the shallow sea, to reduce their attenuation and to reduce the level of reverberation by minimizing the interaction of the acoustic field with an uneven bottom and with a surface excited or covered with ice, and also to provide a more uniform depth of sound waveguide.

In this case, the temporal variations of the horizontal and vertical components of the vector of the hydrophysical and geophysical fields are also measured, the variation determined by the state vector of the studied object as an artificial acoustic anomaly in the aquatic environment with the registration of acoustic impedance signals of the bottom layers is isolated.

The carriers of registration devices 1, 2 are also equipped with a satellite navigation antenna 22, which provides information communication with coastal control stations via a satellite channel, and also allows you to determine parameters such as the geographical coordinates of the carriers of registration devices 1, 2, the height and velocity vector of surface waves through continuous tracking horizontal and vertical movements of the media registration devices 2. As an example of the implementation of the organization of information channels and The name of the named parameters can be cited RF patent No. 2254600 (Bull. No. 17 from 06/20/2005).

Contaminants are identified by chemiluminescent, chromatographic, ion-selective, spectral, radiometric, atomic absorption, X-ray fluorescence, spin-relaxation analyzes.

Due to the fact that seawater in combination with inhibitors is a mixture, even when using effective methods of sample preparation to isolate the necessary compounds, it is necessary to analyze the mixture. Therefore, hybrid methods of analysis based on the preliminary separation of the components of mixtures of toxic chemical compounds by gas, high-performance liquid chromatography, ion or thin-layer chromatography with the subsequent determination (identification) of separated compounds using mass spectrometry, infrared spectrometry, nuclear spectrometry are most effective in this case. magnetic resonance or a combination thereof, for example, with an element-specific atomic emission detector.

Especially a lot of information is carried by the resonance spectra on the hydrogen nuclei (protons) of organic compounds. Of all the nuclei, hydrogen is the most convenient for observing nuclear magnetic resonance due to the large magnitude of its magnetic moment. In a number of organic molecules, hydrogen nuclei are firmly bound to the rigid skeleton of carbon atoms. However, for many molecules, the skeleton is not rigid, and the hydrogen nuclei (for example, hydrogen atoms) are loosely attached, so that a reversible proton exchange can occur in solution. This effect is reflected in the proton spectrum. In other words, in polyatomic molecules, nuclei of the same, for example, hydrogen atoms, occupying chemically non-equivalent positions, differ in the frequencies of the nuclear magnetic resonance spectra.

By studying proton exchange by nuclear magnetic resonance, you can get information about the structure of molecules — what groups of atoms it consists of and how they are located in relation to each other, and you can also determine the amount of hydrogen in the compound molecule and the amount of deuterium - “heavy hydrogen”, one of two stable isotopes of this element.

The combined method, combining chromatographic separation with the study of the eluate by nuclear magnetic resonance, has even greater possibilities. Preliminary separation of the components on a chromatographic column allows using nuclear magnetic resonance to obtain information about the structure of the target components, for example, in the determination of pollutants in water or in the study of toxic contaminants in the soil.

The combination of high-performance liquid chromatography and nuclear magnetic resonance methods when equipping the chromatographic unit with detectors (refractometer, conductivity meter) makes it possible to conduct fine structural studies, which increases the reliability of identification of components of complex mixtures of real environmental pollution. Especially when it is necessary to accurately identify the components of very complex mixtures of unknown composition when determining the degree of danger during the operation of the gas pipeline in the burial areas of old ammunition, explosives and toxic substances, in particular the North European gas pipeline in the Baltic Sea.

Due to the fact that these are most often toxic substances such as sarin, soman, and related organophosphorus substances, for gas chromatographic identification and determination of the lewisite at the ppb level, it is necessary to obtain stable derivatives of these substances by detecting them in a gas chromatography / mass spectrometry / infrared spectrometry with Fourier - signal conversion / nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy using an atomic emission detector.

Due to the fact that there is a fairly reliable identification of pollutants in complex matrices of environmental samples with obtaining reliable information about the composition of mixtures containing inorganic compounds, including organometallic compounds of the most toxic forms of metals (compounds of tin, lead, mercury, selenium, cadmium, etc.) , as well as the composition of mixtures containing paraffinic and aromatic hydrocarbons, halogenated hydrocarbons, aldehydes, alcohols, phenols, sulfur and nitrogen, can be obtained through a multi-detector system, including Since a wide range of detectors is used, the final identification is carried out at control stations, and identification through registration devices is carried out on-line.

Dispatch stations are equipped with multi-detector systems, including sets of selective detectors, an interface, a drive, a fraction collector, a chromatographic column, processors and spectrometers, sampling systems based on different methods (liquid extraction, solid-phase extraction, purging, followed by trapping of impurities on the sorbent, stripping).

At dispatch stations, information from the registration means is received in request mode. Upon detection of signals characterizing the presence of contamination, additional samples are taken by means of a recording device located on carrier 1, matrices are formed (water, soil, air, biological media), the matrices are analyzed by the hybrid method, which consists in preliminary separation of the components of mixtures of toxic chemical compounds by gas chromatography, high performance liquid chromatography, ion or thin layer chromatography, followed by determination (identification) of the separated compounds using ma with spectrometry, infrared spectrometry with Fourier transform signal, nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry or a combination thereof with elementspetsificheskim atomic emission detector using retention indices of the test substances. The following operations are performed:

- identification by chromatographic spectra;

- group identification and establishment of the carbon skeleton of the molecule;

- measurement of the relative response of a universal and selective detector;

- registration of fragmentation ions and determination of molecular weight;

- identification of functional groups, characteristic structural elements;

- determination of the elemental composition of molecules, calculation of the gross formula.

The final identification is performed on the basis of all the data received from the registration devices, by comparison with standards. In this case, the processing of input information on the recorded signals and parameters includes statistical processing of the measurement results, computational procedures and multivariate analysis of arrays of analytical data on the components of the natural environment. Processing includes methods for assessing the state of the environment in the zone of occurrence of the pipeline. The processing results are forms on the ecological state of the offshore sections of the pipeline, on existing pollution, objects and sources of pollution, a graphical representation of the results of processing of measurement information, a cartographic representation of the ecological state of the marine environment.

The implementation of the proposed technical solution is based on commercially available sensors and devices, which allows us to conclude that the proposed method and device for its implementation to the patentability condition "industrial applicability".

Information sources

1. USSR copyright certificate No. 1789920.

2. USSR Copyright Certificate No. 1789921.

3. Karpov Yu.A., Savostin A.P. Methods of sampling and sample preparation. M., Beanom, 2003.

4. Bathometers SBE 911 plus. M., Institute. P.P. Shirshova. Of.site: Peresypkin @ .ocean.ru. 1997-2001.

5. Guide to hydrological work in the oceans and seas. L .: Gidrometeoizdat, 1977, p. 181.

6. RF patent No. 2030747.

Claims (2)

1. The method of environmental monitoring of water pollution, sediment and atmosphere along the route of pipelines laid at the bottom of reservoirs, which consists in placing recording devices in the natural environment at several horizons, recording signals of hydrophysical fields with subsequent chemiluminescent, chromatographic, ion-selective, spectral and radiometric analysis of sampling of water, soil and air, and processing of information with subsequent transfer to documentation devices, different by additionally measuring the temporal variations of the horizontal and vertical components of the vector of hydrophysical and geophysical fields in the controlled region at spaced points, low-mode backlight pulses corresponding to weakly damped low-dimensional modes of the shallow sea are excited, and pulsed signals of other modes spaced from diffraction are recorded from emitted modes from the mode spectrum, while the emitted mode is not received, and mode pulses are distinguished against the background of additive noise and erberatsii, recorded signals of the acoustic impedance of the bottom layers, carry detecting molecular interactions spin protons seawater subsequent analysis further comprises determining the content of synthetic surfactants in the aqueous medium by atomic absorption spectrophotometry, the concentration of chlorophyll, microorganisms, phytoplankton, zooplankton. 2. A device for environmental pollution control, containing a water intake line with hydrophysical field sensors placed on it, connected to the water intake inputs of chemiluminescent, chromatographic, ion-selective, spectral, radiometric analysis, as well as connected to the outputs of the ionizing radiation spectrometer and a combination of logic circuits, characterized the fact that an atomic absorption spectrophotometer and an X-ray fluorescence analyzer are introduced into the device, on a water intake line and additionally, a filter unit with membrane filters for concentrating chlorophyll, a filter unit with a Zeitz funnel for sampling microorganisms, a Nozhott camera for counting the amount of phytoplankton, a Bogrov camera for counting the amount of zooplankton, a centrifuge for determining the content of chlorophyll, a geophone, hydrophone, mareograph, spectrometer sensor proton spin echo and electrodes connected by their information outputs through a set of corresponding logic circuits to the input meters of analysis of chlorophyll, microorganisms, phytoplankton, zooplankton, hydroacoustic signals, spin-relaxation parameters, respectively, and the recording device carriers located on the water surface are equipped with an air intake device connected to the air inlets of the corresponding pollution analysis blocks.

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