RU2331685C2 - Antifrictional composite powdered material - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: metallurgy.

SUBSTANCE: invention refers to powdered metallurgy, particularly to antifrictional composite powdered material, and can be used, for example, in metal working industry and paper processing industry at fabricating of wear resistant antifrictional materials. The composite material contains a copper powder of 100-160 mcm size at amount of 63.8-64.3 mass.%, granules of copper-plated graphite of 160-200 mcm size; at amount of 16-17% with copper contents in copper-plated graphite granules of 70-75 mass.%, granules of copper-plated polymer of 50-200 mcm size at amount of 7-9 mass.% with copper content in granules of copper-plated polymer granules 50-60 mass.%, granules of copper-plated nickel of 100-200 mcm size at amount of 3-5 mass.% with copper contents in granules of copper-plated nickel 25-35 mass.%, granules of copper-plated chromium of 25-75 mcm size at amount of 6-8 mass.% with copper content in granules of copper-plated chromium granules 30-40 mass.% and carbon nano pipes at amount of 0.2-0.7 mass.%. Such composition facilitates increased service life of friction units, upgraded hardness of a powdered matrix and increased wear resistance of composite material.

EFFECT: producing antifrictional composite powdered material facilitating increased service life of friction units, increased hardness of powdered matrix and increased wear resistance of composite material.

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Description

The invention relates to the field of powder metallurgy, in particular to powder composite materials, and can be used as wear-resistant antifriction materials in the metal processing, paper processing industry and other engineering industries.

Known composite powder copper-graphite materials containing powder of copper and graphite in amounts from several to 75% [1. Fedorchenko I.M., Pugina L.I. Composite sintered anti-friction materials. - Kiev: Science. Dumka, 1980, p.237].

The disadvantages of such materials are low service life, low wear resistance and surface microhardness.

Closest to the invention in technical essence, the achieved result is a composite powder material for friction units, including copper powder with a particle size of 100-160 μm, copper-coated graphite granules with a particle size of 160-200 μm in an amount of 16-17 wt.% With copper content in copper-coated graphite granules 70-75 wt.%, Granules of copper-plated polymer with a particle size of 50-200 microns in an amount of 7-9 wt.% When the copper content in granules of a copper-plated polymer is 50-60 wt.%, Granules of copper-plated nickel with a grain size of 100-200 microns in an amount of 3-5 wt.% when the copper content in g copper-plated nickels 25-35 wt.% and copper-plated chromium granules with a particle size of 25-75 microns in an amount of 6-8 wt.% when the copper content in copper-plated chromium granules is 30-40 wt.% [RF Patent 2245386, IPC 7 C22C 9/00 , 1/05, F16C 33/12, 01/27/2005 (prototype), (publ.)].

The disadvantages of the known material are low wear resistance and hardness of the powder matrix, as well as a low service life. The objective of the invention is to increase the wear resistance of the material and the hardness of the powder matrix, as well as increasing the service life of the material in the friction units.

The problem is solved in that the antifriction composite powder material containing copper powder with a particle size of 100-160 microns, copper-coated graphite granules with a grain size of 160-200 microns in an amount of 16-17 wt.% When the copper content in the granules of copper-plated graphite is 70-75 wt.%, granules of copper-plated polymer with a particle size of 50-200 μm in an amount of 7-9 wt.% when the copper content in the granules of copper-plated polymer is 50-60 wt.%, granules of copper-plated nickel with a particle size of 100-200 μm in an amount of 3-5 wt.% with a copper content of copper-coated nickel granules 25-35 wt.%, copper-coated granules chromium with a particle size of 25-75 microns in an amount of 6-8 wt.% when the copper content in the granules of copper-plated chromium is 30-40 wt.%, additionally contains carbon nanotubes in an amount of 0.2-0.7 wt.%.

The invention consists in the following. The use of carbon nanotubes in an amount of 0.2-0.7 wt.% Allows you to most evenly to the maximum extent fill the free interparticle space in the powder matrix, which is a copper powder in an amount of 63.8-64.3 wt.%, Without overlapping the surface of the rest granules fillers. At the same time, the density increases and the antifriction properties of the obtained material are improved, which ensures a decrease in the amount of particles removed from the friction zone and, accordingly, an increase in the wear resistance of the antifriction composite powder material. The use of carbon nanotubes in an amount of 0.2-0.7 wt.% Can also increase the hardness of the composite material. As a result, the service life of the material in the friction units is increased, especially when exposed to high loads.

The content of carbon nanotubes in a composition based on a metal matrix in an amount of less than 0.2 wt.% Is not sufficient for the effective implementation of the unique antifriction and strength properties of carbon nanotubes. As a result, the wear resistance and hardness of the material are reduced, and its service life in friction units is also reduced.

If the content of carbon nanotubes is more than 0.7 wt.%, The performance characteristics of the antifriction composite powder material are deteriorated due to the fact that carbon nanotubes, falling in the area of contact interaction of the material components, soften the powder matrix, preventing the formation of sufficiently strong metal bonds between the particles. This increases the wear of the material and decreases its service life in friction units.

To illustrate the invention, Table 1 shows the compositions of antifriction composite powder materials, and Table 2 shows their comparative properties.

The constituent components of the composite powder materials were PMS-V state standard specification 4960-75 copper powder, GMP grade graphite granules, GOST 1007-72 polytetrafluoroethylene granules, GOST 9722-79 nickel powder granules, chemically copper plated chromium granules, and carbon nanotubes obtained method of arc evaporation of a graphite rod.

Table 1 Components of antifriction composite powder materials and their characteristics Compositions anti-friction compositional powder materials According to the prototype Beyond Declare Beyond Control one 2 3 four 5 6 7 8 9 10 eleven 12 The particle size of the copper powder, microns 100-160 100-160 100-160 100-160 100-160 100-160 100-160 100-160 100-160 100-160 100-160 100-160 100-160 The content of copper powder in the material, wt.% 64.5 64.49 64.45 64,4 64.35 64.3 64.1 63.8 63.7 63.6 63.5 75.1 99.0 The size of the granules of copper-plated graphite, microns 160-200 160-200 160-200 160-200 160-200 160-200 160-200 160-200 160-200 160-200 160-200 160-200 - The content of granules of copper-plated graphite in the material, wt.% 16.5 16.5 16.5 16.5 16.5 16.5 16.5 16.5 16.5 16.5 16.5 16.5 - The copper content in the granules of copper-plated graphite, wt.% 73 73 73 73 73 73 73 73 73 73 73 73 - The size of the granules of copper-plated polymer, microns 100-160 100-160 100-160 100-160 100-160 100-160 100-160 100-160 100-160 100-160 100-160 100-160 - The content of granules of copper-plated polymer in the material, wt.% 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 - The copper content in the granules of copper-plated polymer, wt.% 55 55 55 55 55 55 55 55 55 55 55 55 - The size of the granules of copper-plated nickel, microns 160-200 160-200 160-200 160-200 160-200 160-200 160-200 160-200 160-200 160-200 160-200 - - The content of granules of copper-plated nickel in the material, wt.% four four four four four four four four four four four - - The copper content in the granules of copper-plated nickel, wt.% thirty thirty thirty thirty thirty thirty thirty thirty thirty thirty thirty - - The size of the copper-coated beads 50-75 25-75 25-75 25-75 25-75 25-75 25-75 25-75 25-75 25-75 25-75 - - chromium, microns The content of copper-plated chromium granules in the material, wt.% 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 The copper content in the granules of copper-plated chromium, wt.% 35 35 35 35 35 35 35 35 35 35 35 The content of carbon nanotubes, wt.% - 0.01 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.4 0.7 0.8 0.9 1,0 0.4 1,0

table 2 Composition numbers of anti-friction composite powder materials Characteristics of antifriction composite powder materials Service life in equipment friction units, h The microhardness of the powder matrix, MPa Wear rate, mg / h According to the prototype 365 810 0.47 one 367 810 0.47 2 370 815 0.46 3 379 820 0.45 four 387 830 0.43 5 391 850 0.42 6 398 855 0.41 7 392 860 0.40 8 383 845 0.43 9 372 840 0.45 10 361 820 0.46 eleven 289 800 0.60 12 71 710 0.87 Note: To determine the characteristics, 5 samples from each antifriction composite powder material were tested and statistical processing of the test results was performed.

The materials were obtained by sintering the powder compositions in a special mold on the installation for electrical contact sintering at the following process indicators:

- force pressing electrodes, N 9500 - current, kA 17-19

The tests were carried out on a SMC-2 machine by sliding friction according to the “shaft-partial liner” scheme at a load of 100 kPa and a speed of 1 m / s. The counterbody material was steel 45 with a hardness of 44 HRC, and a surface roughness of R _a = 0.63 μm. The microhardness of the powder matrix was determined on a PMT-3 instrument according to GOST 9450-76.

As follows from the above data, the claimed anti-friction composite powder material, in comparison with the known, is characterized by increased hardness and wear resistance, as well as an extended service life.

Bearings for friction units of technological equipment of Gomeloboi OJSC were made from the inventive antifriction composite powder material. Field tests have confirmed the high efficiency of the claimed material. The service life and time between repairs of friction units increased 1.1-1.15 times.

Claims (1)

Antifriction composite powder material containing copper powder with a particle size of 100-160 microns in an amount of 63.8-64.3 wt.%, Granules of copper-plated graphite with a grain size of 160-200 microns in an amount of 16-17 wt.% When the copper content in the granules of copper-plated graphite 70 -75 wt.%, Granules of copper-plated polymer with a particle size of 50-200 microns in an amount of 7-9 wt.% When the copper content in the granules of copper-plated polymer is 50-60 wt.%, Granules of copper-plated nickel with a grain size of 100-200 microns in an amount of 3-5 wt .% when the copper content in the granules of copper-plated nickel 25-35 wt.% and granules of copper-plated chromium groats awn 25-75 microns in an amount of 6-8 wt.% when the copper content in the pellets coppered chromium 30-40 wt.%, characterized in that it additionally contains carbon nanotubes in an amount of 0.2-0.7 wt.%.