RU2331146C2 - Aerial for ground-based digital multimedia broadcasting and mobile communication terminal containing such aerial - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: physics.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the collapsible aerials of the lower microwave diapason. The essence of the invention lies in that the aerial, intended for a ground digital multimedia broadcasting, and also the mobile communication terminal containing such an aerial, includes the following components: the transmission line, the transmitter, containing a number of transmitting components, executed with the possibility of hinged turning in the limits of a preset angle, the fastening block, which connects the lower end of each of the rotary of the transmitting components with the transmitting line. The transmitting components in the operating position form a figure of a fan-like form, and in the folded position are leveled parallel to each other.

EFFECT: creation of a small-sized aerial of the range TDMB for the mobile communication terminal, working in this frequency range, which can easily be placed in this terminal.

32 cl, 23 dwg, 2tbl

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to the field of communication antennas and radar antennas and, in particular, to the field of folding antennas of the lower microwave range. The scope of the described antenna includes many electronic devices designed to operate in the lower microwave range, such as mobile phones equipped with digital television, supporting the standard of terrestrial digital multimedia broadcasting (Terrestrial Digital Multimedia Broadcasting, TDMB) at frequencies of 170-240 MHz.

State of the art

In existing mobile phones operating in the main frequency ranges 800-900 MHz and 1800-1900 MHz, various types of antennas are used:

internal antennas (intennas), external whip antennas, spiral antennas, etc. The technology of such antennas and the issues of their manufacture are well known.

On the other hand, the problem for manufacturers is the development of mobile phones capable of receiving signals of relatively low frequencies. If a developer tries to maximize the efficiency of a mobile phone’s antenna, then due to the need to cover relatively low frequencies, there is a tendency to increase the antenna and phone sizes.

For example, previously common mobile phones of the NMT-450 standard used folding pin or twisted antennas with a geometric length of up to 100 mm. Therefore, the dimensions of the NMTC-450 phones were relatively large.

These problems are exacerbated when there is a need to receive signals of even lower frequencies, for example, frequency band signals in the terrestrial digital multimedia broadcasting (TDMB) standard, i.e. 174-240 MHz, currently gaining popularity around the world.

There are numerous well-known examples of mobile phones having whip antennas for operating in this frequency range. The pin antennas have various designs: folding, extendable, with shortening elements at the ends, including with concentrated reactance in the middle of the antenna pin, for which, for example, concentrated inductances, or resistances, or both of these elements are used. The length of the pin antennas in the lower microwave range (to which the standard TDMB frequency refers) can be significantly less than a quarter of the wavelength at the center frequency of the operating range. In addition, the whip antennas for mobile phones must be very thin. The need for thin whip antennas is due to the impossibility of manufacturing an antenna corresponding to a quarter wavelength and having a geometric length of about 750 mm for installation in a mobile terminal whose dimensions do not exceed 100 mm.

The physical restriction of the geometric length of the pin antennas and their small diameter leads to their significant drawback - all such antennas have a very narrow bandwidth. In addition, with a small geometric length l << λ / 4, the antenna has a relatively low gain.

There are well-known antennas having an extended operating frequency range. Such antennas, for example, use several pin emitting elements. These pins may not have a round, but a flat shape, for example a crescent, and can also be quite wide. Such pins can be hinged in order to reduce the size of the antenna when folded. An antenna having reduced dimensions when folded is described in EP 1339134, IPC H 01 Q 9/44, 2003-08-27, “Wideband monopole or dipole antenna”.

An antenna consisting of several pin emitters has a two to three times wider bandwidth than a single-pin antenna, but it has some drawbacks. For example, its emitters cannot be folded in length, therefore such antennas can be used in mobile phones only with normal emitters, i.e. about l ~ λ / 4, and with a shorter (l << λ / 4) crescent-shaped emitter, the antenna has very low gain and bandwidth.

The antenna gain can be increased by increasing the effective length of the antenna due to the loop-shaped shape of the transmitter conductor. If the conductor has the maximum possible length, not only increased gain, but also a wider operating frequency range will be provided. Such an antenna is described in WO2005041355, IPC H 01 Q 9/42, 2005-05-06 “Folded antenna and communication device with same” (“Loop antenna and communication device containing such an antenna”); it indicates that one end of the emitter is free, and the other end is connected to the supply generator.

The advantage of the antenna described in WO2005041355 over existing similar antennas is due to its characteristic U-shaped (p-shaped) shape with trapezoidal extensions at the upper edge. The antenna according to WO2005041355 should have a geometric length that is almost twice its height. This allows you to use such an antenna when working with relatively low frequencies, for example in the TDMB range, if its height is approximately equal to the height of a mobile phone. The large width of the antenna in its upper part allows you to get an extended (up to 20-30%) operating frequency range.

The disadvantages of the antenna according to WO2005041355 include the large transverse dimension of the U-shaped emitter in the plane of the antenna, which is necessary to obtain a wide passband. In addition, such an antenna can only be folded by rotation around the attachment point to the base, i.e. should be located along the entire length of the plane of the phone.

The expansion of the passband when using small emitters made of thin conductors can be obtained by installing additional resistances in the breaks of the conductors in the upper part of the emitter near the free end. Such an antenna is described in patent US 6768446, IPC H 01 Q 9/44, 2004-07-27 "Broad-band scissor-type antenna" ("Broadband antenna type" scissors ""); it indicates that one end of the emitter is free, and the other end is connected to the supply generator.

The advantage of the antenna described in US Pat. No. 6,768,466 over existing similar antennas is due to the inclusion of an active load in the conductor at the upper edge. Such an antenna has a wider bandwidth, which allows you to use this antenna to operate at relatively low frequencies, for example in the TDMB range, if its height is approximately equal to the height of a mobile phone. The disadvantages of this antenna are the presence of discrete active loads in the conductors of the emitters on the upper edge, the impossibility of adding radiators in length and the large dimensions of the antenna.

Disclosure of invention

Thus, the problem to which the present invention is directed is to create a TDMB antenna for a mobile communication terminal operating in the TDMB frequency range, which can be easily placed in a mobile communication terminal, as well as to create a corresponding mobile communication terminal.

Brief Description of the Drawings

The above properties and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following description, which contains links to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate an embodiment of the invention without introducing any restrictions. In the drawings:

on figa shows the antenna of a mobile communication terminal according to the first embodiment of the present invention in the unfolded state;

1B shows an antenna according to a first embodiment of the present invention in a folded state;

on figs shows the structure of the antenna depicted in figa, in a fully folded state, and the antenna is placed in the housing of the mobile communication terminal;

2A-2D illustrate a mobile communication terminal with an antenna according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

3A shows an antenna of a mobile communication terminal according to a second embodiment of the present invention in the unfolded state;

3B shows an antenna of a mobile communication terminal according to a second embodiment of the present invention in a folded state;

4A shows a mobile communication terminal with an antenna according to a second embodiment;

on figv shows the process of folding the antenna depicted in figa;

on figs shows an antenna placed in the housing of a mobile communication terminal;

figure 5 shows the investigated TDMB antennas;

figure 6 shows the frequency dependence of the input impedance and reactive components of the TDMB antennas;

Fig. 7 shows developed passive matching circuits for the investigated TDMB antennas;

Fig. 8 shows the results of measuring the frequency dependences of the VSWR indicator of TDMB antennas with matching circuits (the antenna is located along the longitudinal axis of the telephone casing);

figure 9 shows the results of measuring the frequency dependences of the VSWR indicator of TDMB antennas with matching circuits (the antenna is located perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the telephone casing);

10 shows the frequency dependence of the radio frequency output power of an LGE telephone with a VCO (Voltage Control Oscillator; voltage controlled oscillator).

11 shows a setup for researching TDMB antennas;

on Fig shows an experimental diagram of the investigated antennas at a frequency of 208 MHz;

on Fig shows an experimental diagram of the investigated antennas at a frequency of 240 MHz;

on Fig shows an experimental diagram of the studied antennas at a frequency of 170 MHz;

on Fig shows an experimental diagram of the studied antennas at a frequency of 208 MHz.

The implementation of the invention

The following are detailed references to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated by the accompanying drawings, with reference numbers everywhere referring to like elements. The embodiments disclosed below that describe the present invention contain references to these drawings.

On figa shows the antenna of a mobile communication terminal according to the first embodiment of the present invention in the unfolded state. FIG. 1B shows an antenna according to a first embodiment of the present invention in a folded state.

The antenna 100 in FIG. 1A includes a feeder line (not shown), a mount unit 10, and a radiator 30 including a set of radiating components 20.

The attachment unit 10 connects the feeder line to the emitter 30. In this embodiment, the attachment 10 is preferably a ball joint. In this case, the emitter 30 can rotate 360 degrees in the vertical direction.

The lower part of each radiating component 20, of which the emitter 30 consists, is connected to the mounting unit 10. Each radiating component 20 can be rotated through an angle of 120-160 degrees relative to the mounting unit 10 in its plane. Thus, in the operating position of the antenna 100, each of the radiating components 20 of the emitter is rotated so that no radiating component is parallel to the other radiating component; while the radiative components form a fan-shaped shape. The rotation of each radiating component 20 by more than 160 degrees does not affect the characteristics of the antenna. Optimum resonance and a sufficiently high bandwidth are provided when the number of radiating components 20 is from about 5 to 6, and their position is such that each radiating component 20 is rotated so that no component is parallel to the other, and all radiating components 20 form a fan-shaped figure .

In FIG. 1B: each of the radiating components 20 includes a first radiating element 20a connected to the feeder line via the attachment unit 10; the second radiating element 20b is connected to one end of the first radiating element 10 and forms an angle from 0 to 180 degrees with it; the third radiating element 20c is connected to the second radiating element 20b and forms an angle from 0 to 180 degrees with it. Each of the radiating components 20c is relatively narrow at the inner edge and expands toward the outer edge.

The radiating component 20 has a triangular shape, so it can have a geometric length that is twice its height; thus, the antenna described in the present invention is capable of efficiently transmitting and receiving signals at relatively low frequencies, such as TDMB frequencies.

Each of the radiating components 20 shown in FIG. 1 is a triangular shape, each of the three radiating elements 20a-20c being formed by double addition in order to shorten the physical length of the antenna 100. At the same time, the shape of the radiating component 20 and the number of radiating elements 20a-20c forming the radiating component 20 are absent. Thus, each radiating component 20 does not have to include three radiating elements 20a-20c to form a triangle. The shape of the radiating component 20 and several radiating elements 20a-20c constituting the radiating component 20 may vary. For example, the antenna may form a rectangular shape including one radiating element, for example a dipole antenna, and one angular component formed by two radiating elements. In this case, however, it is necessary to take into account the physical length of the antenna from the point of view of its placement in the housing of the mobile communication terminal.

On figs shows the final structure of the antenna shown in figa, folded, designed to be placed in the housing of a mobile communication terminal.

2A-2D, a mobile communication terminal with an antenna according to a first embodiment of the present invention is shown.

The antenna in FIG. 2A has the best transmission and reception characteristics in those periods when it is in the unfolded state and has a fan-shaped shape.

At a time when the user does not need to use the antenna 100 and wants to put the antenna into the housing 120 of the mobile communication terminal 200, as shown in FIG. 2B, he rotates each radiating component 20 so that all the components are aligned parallel to each other.

When the user places the folded antenna 100 in the housing 120 of the mobile communication terminal 200, as shown in FIG. 2C, the antenna 100 is located in the housing 120 along the guide provided in the housing 120 of the mobile communication terminal 200.

If the mounting unit 10 is a ball-type hinge, the user can rotate the emitter 30 180 degrees normal to the antenna 100 and put the antenna 100 in the housing 120. Thus, the antenna 100 is placed in the housing 120 along the guide provided in the housing 120; the placement of the antenna in the housing 120 of the mobile communication terminal 200 is shown in FIG. 2D.

FIG. 3A shows an antenna of a mobile communication terminal according to a second embodiment of the present invention in an unfolded state.

The antenna 300 of FIG. 3A includes a signal supply unit (not shown), an attachment unit 310 including a set of attachment elements 310a-310d, and an emitter 320 that includes a set of emitter elements 320a-320d of a straight shape or a narrow shape the rectangle. A set of radiating elements 320a-320d is made of a conductive material. In addition to the elements described explicitly herein, the antenna 300 may include other components.

On figa shows the shape of the antenna 300 in the working position. In the operating position, the emitter 320 is deployed and has a rhombic shape. The length of the emitter 320 is approximately twice its length when folded. This property allows the total length (L) of the emitter 320 to be approximately equal to λ / 4. The width of the emitter 320, formed by four radiating elements 320a-320d, significantly exceeds the width of one radiating element, which leads to the expansion of the working frequency range.

The attachment unit 310 includes the following components: a first attachment member 310a connecting the supply component to the emitter 310; a second fastening member 310b connecting the first radiating element 320a to the second radiating element 320b; a third fastening member 310c connecting the second radiating element 320b to the third radiating element 320c; a fourth fastening member 310d connecting the third radiating element 320c to the fourth radiating element 320d.

The emitter 320 includes four rectilinear emitting elements, i.e. emitting elements from the first to the fourth, respectively designated 320a-320d. The emitter 320 forms a closed loop when these rectilinear emitting elements 320a-320d are set to a specific position. The first radiating element 320a is attached to the fourth radiating element 320d and can be folded or unfolded with it. For easy folding and unfolding of the radiating elements, the length of the second radiating element 320b and the third radiating element 320c should preferably not exceed the length of the first radiating element 320a and the fourth radiating element 320d.

In a second embodiment of the present invention, the emitter 320 has a rhombic shape, but is not limited to such a shape. The emitter 320 may also be in the shape of a quadrangle.

3B shows an antenna of a mobile communication terminal according to a second embodiment of the present invention in a folded state.

3B, the third fastener 310c is moved to the first fastener 310a, after which the second fastener 310b is rotated clockwise, the fourth fastener 310d is rotated counterclockwise, and the antenna is folded, however, the process is not limited to the above description. So, the second fastener 310b moves to the fourth fastener 310d, then the third fastener 310c moves to the first fastener 310a counterclockwise, and the antenna 300 folds. The fourth fastener 310d moves to the second fastener 310b, then the third fastener 310c moves to the first fastener 310a in a clockwise direction, and the antenna 300 folds.

4A shows a mobile communication terminal with an antenna according to a second embodiment.

The mobile communication terminal 400 in FIG. 4A includes a main unit 410, an antenna 300, a housing 420 for receiving an antenna 300, and a signal supply unit 430. The signal supply unit 430 may be configured to supply a signal to an exclusive or dipole device. The signal supply unit 430 includes a feeder line and is designed to transmit electrical energy to the first radiating element and the fourth radiating element by means of a feeder line.

Antenna 300 in FIG. 4A has one emitter 320, but there may be several emitters. In the latter case, all emitters are connected in a unified manner with the first fastening element 310a.

FIG. 4B shows the state during folding of the TDMB antenna of FIG. 4A.

In the state shown in FIG. 4B, during the folding period of the antenna 300, there is mutual overlap of all the radiating elements 320a-320d forming the radiator 320; however, due to the fastening elements 310a-310d, a packet is formed. In this case, the length and width of the second radiating element 320b and the third radiating element 320c should preferably not exceed the length and width of the first radiating element 320a and the fourth radiating element 320d.

FIG. 4C shows an antenna 300 located in a housing of a mobile communication terminal. The antenna 300 in FIG. 4C slides along the guide provided in the housing 420. Thus, the antenna 300 is retracted into the housing 420 of the mobile communication terminal 400.

Experimental data

1. Five different versions of the TDMB antennas shown in FIG. 5 have been proposed, developed and tested. It should be noted that version 2.5 of the fan-shaped structure should be considered as a new and improved version 2.3 of the fan-shaped structure.

2. We measured the frequency dependences of the active and reactive components of the input impedance for all TDMB antennas built into the LG Electronics phone with an open cover. All these measurements were performed with a direct connection of the antenna to the power cable (without matching circuits). To compare the parameters of the antennas, similar measurements were also performed for a whip antenna manufactured by LG Electronics (without matching circuit). Summarized experimental data on the components of the input impedance for various antennas are presented in Fig.6.

3. The measurements of the frequency dependences of the components of the input active and reactive impedances (see Fig.6) made it possible to develop passive matching circuits for TDMB antennas (see Fig.7). The impedance characteristics of the same antennas are relatively close (see Fig.6), therefore, for the antennas of different types used the same matching circuit. For example, identical matching circuits were used for options 2.3 and 2.4 (see Fig. 7 (a)). The simplest matching circuits were used, since a fairly large number of TDMB antenna variants were developed. For antennas finally selected for practical use, more complex and optimized matching circuits can be developed.

The experimental results of measurements of VSWR antennas with matching circuits were obtained for two antenna locations:

(1) the antenna is located along the longitudinal axis of the phone casing (see Fig. 8);

(2) the antenna is located normal to the longitudinal axis of the telephone body (see Fig. 9).

Comparison of the VSWR characteristics for the two antenna positions did not reveal significant differences between the antenna positions, taking into account the used matching circuits.

4. Amplification and radiation patterns of TDMB antennas

All measurements were performed at the test site using a reference antenna. In order to increase the accuracy of measurements by eliminating the parasitic effect of a long cable, a special voltage-controlled generator was produced - VCO (Voltage Control Oscillator) in the frequency range 170-240 MHz; this generator was placed in the housing of the LGE phone.

Table 1 shows the range of gain in the azimuthal plane (f = 208 MHz).

Table 1 Antenna position Foldable zigzag. antenna (option 2.1) gain., dBi Folding rhombic antenna (option 2.2) ampl., DBi Folding fan antenna (version 2.3) ampl., DBi Modified folding fan antenna (option 2.5) ampl., dBi Printed flat zigzag. antenna (option 2.4) gain., dBi Parallel to housing - (0 ÷ 2.7) - (1.7 ÷ 4.4) - (1.2 ÷ 4.3) + 0.5 ÷ -2.1 - (3.9 ÷ 7.5) Perpendicular to the body - (0 ÷ 2.1) - (1.6 ÷ 4.7) - (2.2 ÷ 6.6) - (2,1 ÷ 5,1) - (2.2 ÷ 6.1)

The entry “folding rhombic antenna” in Table 1 means an antenna according to a second embodiment of the present invention. The entry “folding fan antenna” means an antenna according to a first embodiment of the present invention, the radiating components of which are rectangular in shape; the entry “modified folding fan antenna” means an antenna according to a first embodiment of the present invention, the radiating components of which are triangular in shape.

A comparison of the antenna parameters for two different antenna locations at a center frequency of 208 MHz (under conditions of an almost identical VSWR indicator for all antennas) did not reveal significant gain changes for all antennas, except for a modified folding fan antenna (option 2.5).

Compared to the gain values at the center frequency (see Table 1), there is a decrease in gain by about - (1-6) dBi at a frequency of 240 MHz (see table in Fig. 13) and by more than -10 dBi at frequency of 170 MHz (see table. Fig.14). This gain reduction does not correspond to the VSWR measurements (see FIG. 8, FIG. 9), since the maximum expected gain reduction at 240 MHz and 170 MHz caused by the inconsistency is −4 dBi and −6 dBi, respectively. A study is currently underway on this phenomenon.

Based on the analysis of the results of gain measurements for different azimuthal angles (see tables in Fig. 12 and Fig. 13) for each antenna, we determined the average gain from the azimuthal angles for the center frequency (208 MHz) and boundary frequencies (170 MHz and 240 MHz ), which are presented in table 2 and allow you to compare the characteristics of the developed antennas.

table 2 TDMB Antenna Options LG pin antenna Foldable zigzag. antenna (option 2.1) Folding rhombic antenna (option 2.2) Folding fan antenna (version 2.3) Modified folding fan antenna (option 2.5) Printed flat zigzag. antenna (version 2.4) Amp (170 MHz) -20.95 -6.08 -10.94 -11.85 -10.7 -21.2 Wednesday amplification. (208 MHz) -8.11 -1.1 -2.65 -2.73 -0.52 -5.73 Amp (240 MHz) -6.29 0.17 -9.74 -9.22 -3.17 -7.62

Findings.

1. A printed flat zigzag antenna (version 2.4) can be considered as the simplest and cheapest antenna from the point of view of manufacture. This antenna shows amplification in a given frequency range, which is almost identical to the gain of the LGE telescopic rod, even when using simplified (not fully optimized) matching circuits.

2. A folding fan antenna (option 2.5) shows an average gain (averaged over the azimuthal angle) in a given frequency range from ~ -0.5 dBi (center frequency) to ~ -3 dBi and -10 dBi (range boundaries) even when using simplified (not fully optimized) matching circuits.

3. The folding zigzag antenna (version 2.1) shows a gain that is significantly higher than the antenna gain in other versions, but has a more complex structure.

4. The folding rhombic antenna (version 2.2) has a simpler design, is more rigid in the unfolded state compared to the zigzag antenna (version 2.1), but shows a lower gain.

5. The additional gain reduction for antennas at the frequency range has an unknown reason and contradicts the VSWR measurements, which show the maximum expected gain reduction of -6 dBi compared to the gain at the center frequency.

According to one aspect of the first embodiment of the present invention, the electric length of the antenna emitter is twice its length when folded, since all the emitting components are U-shaped, which makes it possible to use such an antenna for operation at relatively low frequencies, for example, in the TDMB frequency range.

According to another aspect of the first embodiment of the present invention, the articulation of several narrow emitters, each of which extends to the outer edge and forms a trapezoid, with each of the emitters rotating relative to the other emitters, provides a wide antenna bandwidth. This allows you to get a wider bandwidth at the same operating frequency, since single U-shaped emitters can be rotated up to 120 degrees to 160 degrees.

According to another aspect of the second embodiment of the present invention, the length of the emitter in the unfolded state is twice its length in the folded state. This increase in length allows the use of an emitter with a total length equal to λ / 4, which in turn allows the use of such an antenna for operation in the relatively low frequency range, for example, in the TDMB frequency range.

According to the first and second embodiment of the present invention, the advantages of the invention are to provide a TDMB antenna for a mobile communication terminal operating in the TDMB band and easily adaptable to accommodate a TDMB antenna therein.

Several embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, however, it will be clear to a person skilled in the art that changes may be made to these embodiments without causing a departure from the principles and main provisions of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the claims and equivalents her points.

Claims (32)

1. The antenna of the mobile communication terminal device, which includes the following components: feeder line; an emitter comprising a series of radiating components, pivotally rotatable within a predetermined angle, the radiating components forming a fan-shaped shape in the working position of the antenna and aligned parallel to each other in its folded position; a mounting unit connecting the emitter to the feeder line, the lower end of each radiating component being connected to the mounting unit. 2. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that each radiating component is made with the possibility of articulation in the range from 0 ° to 160 °. 3. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that each radiating component is a rectangular shape. 4. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that the antenna includes five or six radiative components. 5. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that the emitter is made with the possibility of rotation through an angle within 360 ° in the vertical direction relative to the mounting unit. 6. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that it has an operating frequency included in the TDMB frequency band. 7. Mobile communication terminal, which includes the following components: the main unit of the terminal; an antenna comprising the following components: a feeder line, an emitter comprising a series of radiating components, pivotally rotatable within a predetermined angle, the radiating components forming a fan-shaped shape in the working position of the antenna and aligned parallel to each other in its folded position, and a mounting unit connecting the emitter with the feeder line, and the lower end of each radiating component is connected to the mounting unit; a housing for placing an emitter therein, located on one of the sides of the terminal main unit. 8. The mobile communication terminal according to claim 7, characterized in that the emitter is arranged in the housing, and is configured to slide along a guide formed in the housing, the radiating components being rotated so that they overlap each other. 9. The mobile communication terminal according to claim 7, characterized in that the mounting unit includes a ball joint. 10. The mobile communication terminal according to claim 7, characterized in that the emitter is arranged in the housing, and is configured to rotate 180 ° in the vertical direction relative to the mounting unit. 11. The mobile communication terminal according to claim 7, characterized in that the emitter can be rotated through an angle within 360 ° in the vertical direction relative to the mounting unit. 12. The mobile communication terminal according to claim 7, characterized in that the antenna has an operating frequency that falls within the TDMB frequency band. 13. The antenna of the mobile communication terminal device, which includes the following components: electric signal supply unit; an emitter connected to an electric signal supply unit, the emitter comprising a series of rectilinear emitting components interconnected by fastening and folding elements so that the emitting components form a closed loop in the working position of the antenna and overlap each other in its folded position. 14. The antenna according to item 13, wherein all the radiating components forming a closed loop are in the same plane. 15. The antenna of claim 13, wherein said antenna includes at least one emitter. 16. The antenna according to item 13, wherein the series of rectilinear emitting components form a quadrangle. 17. The antenna according to item 13, characterized in that it includes a mounting unit, and the mounting unit respectively connects the feeder line and the first radiating component, the first radiating component and the second radiating component, the second radiating component and the third radiating component, the third radiating component and a fourth radiating component, a fourth radiating component and an electric signal supply line, so that each of the first to fourth components mutually overlap. 18. The antenna according to 17, characterized in that the first radiating component or the fourth radiating component is made with the possibility of separation from the mounting unit. 19. The antenna according to item 13, wherein the emitter forms a rhombic shape. 20. The antenna according to item 13, wherein the emitter length varies from λ / 4 to λ, where λ is the wavelength corresponding to the frequency of the received and transmitted signals. 21. The antenna according to claim 20, characterized in that the frequency of the received and transmitted signals is within the TDMB frequency band. 22. The antenna according to 17, characterized in that the emitter can be rotated through an angle within 360 ° in the vertical direction relative to the mounting unit. 23. Mobile communication terminal, which includes the following components: the main unit of the terminal; an antenna comprising the following components: an electric signal supply unit, an emitter connected to an electric signal supply unit, the emitter comprising a series of rectilinear radiating components interconnected by fastening and folding elements so that the radiative components form a closed loop in the operating position antennas and overlap each other in its folded position; a housing for placing an emitter therein, located on one of the sides of the terminal main unit. 24. The mobile communication terminal according to item 23, wherein all the radiating components forming a closed loop are in the same plane. 25. The mobile communication terminal according to item 23, wherein the antenna includes at least one emitter. 26. The mobile communication terminal according to item 23, wherein the series of rectilinear emitting components form a quadrangle. 27. The mobile communication terminal according to item 23, wherein the antenna includes a mounting unit, and the mounting unit respectively connects the feeder line and the first radiating component, the first radiating component and the second radiating component, the second radiating component and the third radiating component, the third a radiating component and a fourth radiating component, a fourth radiating component and an electric signal supply line, so that each of the components is from first to four th overlap. 28. The mobile communication terminal according to item 27, wherein the first radiating component or the fourth radiating component is made with the possibility of separation from the mounting unit. 29. The mobile communication terminal according to claim 27, characterized in that the emitting components from the first to the fourth are located in the housing, said emitting components from the first to the fourth being able to slide along a guide formed in the housing in such a position that all said radiating components from first to fourth mutually overlap. 30. The mobile communication terminal according to item 27, wherein the emitter can be rotated through an angle within 360 ° in the vertical direction relative to the mounting unit. 31. The mobile communication terminal according to item 23, wherein the antenna has an operating frequency located within the TDMB frequency band. 32. The mobile communication terminal according to claim 23, characterized in that the emitter is arranged in the housing, and is configured to rotate 180 ° in the vertical direction relative to the mounting unit.

Images